切换至 "中华医学电子期刊资源库"

中华临床医师杂志(电子版) ›› 2017, Vol. 11 ›› Issue (21) : 2362 -2368. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-0785.2017.21.003

所属专题: 文献

基础论著

比较脑皮层不同部位电惊厥阈值与神经损害的实验研究
马雪鹏1, 郝卫成2, 孙美珍1,(), 刘玉玺2   
  1. 1. 030001 太原,山西医科大学附属第一临床医院神经内科
    2. 030001 太原,山西医科大学附属第二临床医院西院神经内科
  • 收稿日期:2017-02-21 出版日期:2017-11-01
  • 通信作者: 孙美珍
  • 基金资助:
    中国抗癫痫协会癫痫科研基金-UCB基金(2014007)

Electroconvulsive threshold and nerve damage in different parts of rat cerebral cortex

Xuepeng Ma1, Weicheng Hao2, Meizhen Sun1,(), Yuxi Liu2   

  1. 1. Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
    2. Department of Neurology, the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
  • Received:2017-02-21 Published:2017-11-01
  • Corresponding author: Meizhen Sun
  • About author:
    Corresponding author: Sun Meizhen, Email:
引用本文:

马雪鹏, 郝卫成, 孙美珍, 刘玉玺. 比较脑皮层不同部位电惊厥阈值与神经损害的实验研究[J/OL]. 中华临床医师杂志(电子版), 2017, 11(21): 2362-2368.

Xuepeng Ma, Weicheng Hao, Meizhen Sun, Yuxi Liu. Electroconvulsive threshold and nerve damage in different parts of rat cerebral cortex[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Clinicians(Electronic Edition), 2017, 11(21): 2362-2368.

目的

通过皮层不同部位的电刺激,测定大鼠惊厥阈值,比较各组皮层的惊厥阈值;观察比较各部位阈值稳定后的病理生理学改变。

方法

选择健康雌性SD大鼠,体重180~220 g,分别在额叶皮层、颞叶皮层、小脑皮层安放电极造模,作为刺激组,对照组仅安放电极不予刺激,使用直流电每日2次刺激大鼠额叶、颞叶、小脑皮层,当各刺激组阈值稳定后,采用SNK-q检验比较各组的皮层惊厥阈值,之后处死各组大鼠,用Nissl染色法观察海马神经元损害情况,同时计数各组大鼠海马区神经元数目,采用单因素方差分析中的SNK-q检验对各组神经元数目进行统计学比较。

结果

(1)实验开始第1~2天时,大鼠三个刺激组皮层的惊厥阈值高,额叶皮层组阈值在1100 μA上下,颞叶皮层组阈值在1200 μA上下,小脑皮层组阈值在2100 μA上下,随着刺激时间的延长,各组大鼠的皮层阈值持续降低,并最终稳定在一个基线水平,但其基线各不相同,额叶皮层组阈值波动于(511.00±10.97)μA左右,颞叶皮层组稳定在(440±12.46)μA左右,小脑皮层组稳定在(1300±53.63)μA左右,3组间进行比较,小脑与额、颞叶皮层组的阈值比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),额、颞叶之间阈值比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);(2)随着刺激时间的延长,刺激组大鼠脑海马CA3区神经元出现不同程度的丢失,排列紊乱,对照组高倍镜下观察神经元数目为(36.33±6.13)个,额叶皮层组、颞叶皮层组、小脑皮层组神经元数目分别为(22.79±1.01)、(17.78±1.40)、(26.00±1.70)个,与对照组相比,额叶、颞叶、小脑皮层组神经元个数较少,3组间比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);(3)电刺激小脑皮层组时大鼠出现的症状与额、颞叶皮层组的表现不同,额、颞叶皮层组表现出典型的痫样抽搐,如点头、前肢及后肢抽搐及全身的强直阵挛等,而小脑皮层组表现为四肢、躯干的强直痉挛以及奔跑跳跃等。

结论

(1)对于同样强度的电流刺激,颞叶与额叶皮层对电刺激比小脑皮层更敏感,更容易形成病理性通道,而颞叶与额叶之间对刺激的易感性大致相同;(2)病理改变可累及海马,颞叶刺激灶对海马损害最严重,额叶次之,小脑刺激灶对海马影响最小。

Objective

To measure the electroconvulsive threshold in different parts of rat cerebral cortex and observe the pathophysiological changes after the convulsive threshold is stable.

Methods

Healthy female SD rats weighing 180-220 g were randomly divided into a study group and a control group. Electrodes were placed in the frontal lobe, temporal lobe, and cerebellar cortex of all rats. Direct current stimulation was applied twice daily in the study group, but not in the control group. After stable convulsive threshold was achieved in the study group, the SNK-q test was used to compare the convulsive threshold in different subgroups. The rats were then sacrificed to observe the changes of hippocampal neuron damage by Nissl's staining. The number of neurons in the hippocampus of rats in each group was counted and then compared using the SNK-q test.

Results

At the first and second days, the convulsive threshold in the three stimulation subgroups was high, which was ~1100 μA in the frontal lobe, ~1200 μA in the temporal lobe, and ~2100 μA in the cerebellar cortex. With the increase in the duration of stimulation, the threshold of the three groups continued to decrease, eventually reaching a stable level. The mean stable threshold was (511.00±10.97) μA in the frontal lobe, (440±12.46) μA in the temporal lobe, and (1300±53.63) μA in the cerebellar cortex. Although the mean stable threshold did not differ significantly between the frontal lobe and temporal lobe (P>0.05), there was a significant difference between the cerebellum and frontal lobe and between the cerebellum and temporal lobe (P<0.05). With the extension of stimulation time, compared with the control group, hippocampal CA3 area in rats of the study group exhibited varying degrees of changes, such as disordered neuron arrangement and neuron loss. The average number of neurons was 36 in the control group, 22 in the frontal lobe subgroup, 17 in the temporal lobe subgroup, and 26 in the cerebellum subgroup. Compared with the control group, the number of neurons in the study group decreased significantly (P<0.05). There was also a significant difference in the neuron number among the three subgroups (P<0.05). The symptoms of rats after electrical stimulation in the cerebellar cortex subgroup were different from those in the frontal and temporal lobe subgroups. The frontal and temporal lobe groups showed typical epileptiform convulsion, such as nodding, limb convulsion, and tonic-clonic seizures; however, the cerebellum group was characterized by systemic tetanic convulsion of limbs and trunk, running, and jumping.

Conclusions

At the same intensity of electrical stimulation, the temporal lobe and frontal lobe are more sensitive than cerebellar cortex and are easier to develop pathological changes, and the susceptibility to electrical stimulation is comparable between the temporal lobe and frontal lobe. Electrical stimulation can cause pathological changes in the hippocampus, and the hippocampal damage in the temporal lobe subgroup is the most serious. Cerebellar cortex stimulation has the minimum effect on the hippocampus.

图1 各刺激组大鼠发作时的症状
表1 三个刺激组各时间段的惊厥阈值比较(μA,±s
表2 各组大鼠6周时海马神经元计数(±s
图2 各组海马部位神经元染色(尼氏染色,×400)
[1]
吴江. 神经病学 [M]. 2版. 北京: 人民卫生出版社, 2012: 282.
[2]
耿磊钰,刘玉玺,徐家立, 等, 癫痫的生理性与病理性惊厥发作阈值的探讨[J]. 临床神经电生理杂志, 2008, 17(1): 3-9.
[3]
苏彧,郝卫成,刘聪喜, 等. 不同剂量不同来源拉莫三嗪对电刺激大鼠皮层惊厥阈值模型药效与时效的比较研究[J]. 癫痫杂志, 2016, 2(2): 118-122.
[4]
千文娜,路莉,王学习. 星形胶质细胞钾通道及相关疾病研究进展[J]. 中国药理学与毒理学杂志, 2014, 28(1): 113-116.
[5]
吴彬,孙红斌. 海马苔藓纤维出芽与癫痫[J]. 实用医院临床杂志, 2012, 9(1): 133-135.
[6]
诸葛启钏. 大鼠脑立体定位图谱 [M]. 3版. 北京: 人民卫生出版社, 2006: 90-133.
[7]
Voskuyl RA,Dingemanse J,Danhof M, Determination of the threshold for convulsions by direct cortical stimulation [J]. Epilepsy Res, 1989, 3(2): 120-129.
[8]
Racine RJ. Modification of seizure activity by electrical stimulation Ⅰ. After-discharge threshold [J]. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol, 1972, 32(3): 269-279.
[9]
Pinel JP,Rovner LI. Electrode placement and kindling induced experimental epilepsy [J]. Expneurol, 1978, 58(2): 335-346.
[10]
周君,陈勤. 神经细胞尼氏体染色方法改良[J]. 生物学杂志, 2010, 27(5): 94-95.
[11]
Meeren HK,Pijn JP,Van Luijtelaar, et al. Cortical focus drives widespread corticothalamic networks during spontaneous absence seizures in rats [J]. J Neurosci, 2002, 22(4): 1480-1495.
[12]
Rubio C,Custodio V,Gonzalez E, et al. Effects of kainic acid lesions of the cerebellar interpositus and dentate nuclei on amygdaloid kindling in rats [J]. Brain Res Bull, 2011, 82(1-2): 64-67.
[13]
Min JK,Valentine PA,Teskey GC. Effect of complete and partial bilateral lesions of the deep cerebellar nuclei on amygdaloid kindling in rats [J]. Epilepsia, 1998, 39(7): 692-699.
[14]
Chaumont J,Guyon N,Valera AM, et al. Clusters of cerebellar Purkinje cells control their afferent climbing fiber discharge [J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2013, 110(40): 162223-162228.
[15]
Hernández-Cerón M,Martínez-Lazcano JC,Rubio C. Participation of the dentate-rubral pathway in the kindling model of epilepsy [J]. J Neurosci Res, 2017, 95: 7.
[16]
Al-Otaibi FA,Hamani C,Lozano AM. Neuromodulation in epilepsy [J]. Neurosurgery, 2011, 69(4): 957-979.
[17]
Frantseva MV,Perez Velazquez JZ,Tsoraklidis G, et al. Oxidative stress is involved in seizure-induced neurodegeneration in the kindling model of epilepsy [J]. Neuroscience, 2000, 97(3): 431-435.
[1] 刘思锐, 赵辰阳, 张睿, 张一休, 杨萌. 多普勒超声对孕鼠子宫动脉不同节段血流动力学参数的评估[J/OL]. 中华医学超声杂志(电子版), 2024, 21(09): 877-883.
[2] 李朋, 苗立帅, 朱智奇. 四氢嘧啶对大鼠关节软骨细胞的保护作用[J/OL]. 中华关节外科杂志(电子版), 2024, 18(01): 69-77.
[3] 林琳, 田思萌, 于永华, 徐飞飞, 黄明莉. 干细胞及其外泌体治疗宫腔黏连的研究现状[J/OL]. 中华妇幼临床医学杂志(电子版), 2024, 20(03): 271-275.
[4] 邓健, 王少华, 陈尊, 邹振庄. Keap1/Nrf2信号通路在脂多糖诱导宫内感染致新生鼠支气管肺发育不良的作用机制[J/OL]. 中华妇幼临床医学杂志(电子版), 2023, 19(06): 665-674.
[5] 张晓燕, 肖东琼, 高沪, 陈琳, 唐发娟, 李熙鸿. 转录因子12过表达对脓毒症相关性脑病大鼠大脑皮质的保护作用及其机制[J/OL]. 中华妇幼临床医学杂志(电子版), 2023, 19(05): 540-549.
[6] 杨文飞, 郝嘉文, 鲁梦远, 赵学刚, 李聪颖, 盖晨阳, 张晶, 张庆富. 高压电烧伤对大鼠心肌氧化应激的影响及N-乙酰半胱氨酸的干预作用[J/OL]. 中华损伤与修复杂志(电子版), 2024, 19(02): 106-112.
[7] 张礼刚, 邹志辉, 许顺, 蔡可可, 胡永涛, 梁朝朝. 酒精对慢性非细菌性前列腺炎中T淋巴细胞变化的影响研究[J/OL]. 中华腔镜泌尿外科杂志(电子版), 2024, 18(01): 74-81.
[8] 赛甫丁·艾比布拉, 买买提·依斯热依力, 李义亮, 王永康, 王志, 克力木·阿不都热依木. 不同材质补片修补对腹壁疝大鼠腹横筋膜组织转化生长因子-β1及Collagen合成代谢的作用[J/OL]. 中华疝和腹壁外科杂志(电子版), 2024, 18(02): 161-167.
[9] 刘锦程, 王斌, 张雯, 张明周, 刘禹, 叶东樊, 黄赞胜, 邱凌霄, 卿斌, 王创业, 王南博, 王苹, 郭宇航, 周培花, 程秋霞, 徐智. 肺泡灌洗液RASSF1A及SHOX2甲基化联合径向超声特征对肺结节性质鉴别诊断的意义[J/OL]. 中华肺部疾病杂志(电子版), 2024, 17(04): 505-511.
[10] 张小凤, 孙晓琴, 黄军, 冀涵页, 杨辉, 侯智, 张春青. 标准前颞叶切除术治疗药物难治性癫痫[J/OL]. 中华神经创伤外科电子杂志, 2024, 10(03): 189-192.
[11] 孙晓琴, 刘仕勇, 石先俊, 安宁, 杨辉, 张春青. 环岛叶大脑半球离断术治疗药物难治性癫痫[J/OL]. 中华神经创伤外科电子杂志, 2024, 10(02): 126-128.
[12] 吴新高, 李伟, 马俊, 刘红, 黄平. 癫痫患者定量脑电图功率谱相关参数与认知功能损伤的相关性研究[J/OL]. 中华脑科疾病与康复杂志(电子版), 2023, 13(05): 304-308.
[13] 萨仁高娃, 张英霞, 邓伟, 闫诺, 樊宁. 超声引导下鼠肝消融术后组织病理特征的变化规律及影响[J/OL]. 中华消化病与影像杂志(电子版), 2023, 13(06): 394-398.
[14] 王小红, 钱晶, 翁文俊, 周国雄, 朱顺星, 祁小鸣, 刘春, 王萍, 沈伟, 程睿智, 秦璟灏. 巯基丙酮酸硫基转移酶调控核因子κB信号介导自噬对重症急性胰腺炎大鼠的影响及机制[J/OL]. 中华消化病与影像杂志(电子版), 2023, 13(06): 422-426.
[15] 李承玉, 徐连萍, 王圣松, 王群. 不同抗癫痫发作药物单药治疗在卒中后癫痫中的保留率和有效性分析[J/OL]. 中华脑血管病杂志(电子版), 2023, 17(04): 325-330.
阅读次数
全文


摘要