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中华临床医师杂志(电子版) ›› 2025, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (09) : 651 -658. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-0785.2025.09.003

临床研究

瞬时弹性成像对自身免疫性肝炎肝纤维化的诊断效能及其影响因素
冉影, 刘瑞云, 王欣宇, 顾家琪, 韩宗泽, 李纪文, 杨辉, 王翛然, 王邦茂, 周璐()   
  1. 300052 天津,天津医科大学总医院消化科
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-28 出版日期:2025-09-30
  • 通信作者: 周璐
  • 基金资助:
    北京肝胆相照公益基金会人工肝专项基金(iGandanF-1082024-RGG127); 天津市公共卫生科技重大专项项目(24ZXGZSY00050)

Transient elastography in autoimmune hepatitis: performance and determinants for liver fibrosis diagnosis

Ying Ran, Ruiyun Liu, Xinyu Wang, Jiaqi Gu, Zongze Han, Jiwen Li, Hui Yang, Xiaoran Wang, Bangmao Wang, Lu Zhou()   

  1. Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
  • Received:2025-09-28 Published:2025-09-30
  • Corresponding author: Lu Zhou
引用本文:

冉影, 刘瑞云, 王欣宇, 顾家琪, 韩宗泽, 李纪文, 杨辉, 王翛然, 王邦茂, 周璐. 瞬时弹性成像对自身免疫性肝炎肝纤维化的诊断效能及其影响因素[J/OL]. 中华临床医师杂志(电子版), 2025, 19(09): 651-658.

Ying Ran, Ruiyun Liu, Xinyu Wang, Jiaqi Gu, Zongze Han, Jiwen Li, Hui Yang, Xiaoran Wang, Bangmao Wang, Lu Zhou. Transient elastography in autoimmune hepatitis: performance and determinants for liver fibrosis diagnosis[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Clinicians(Electronic Edition), 2025, 19(09): 651-658.

目的

探讨瞬时弹性成像技术(TE)在诊断自身免疫性肝炎(AIH)肝纤维化方面的准确性和优势,并分析影响AIH患者肝脏硬度值(LSM)的因素。

方法

回顾性分析2016年1月至2024年12月于天津医科大学总医院87例同时进行肝穿刺活检及TE检测AIH患者的临床资料。采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线比较LSM与肝纤维化血清学模型对AIH肝纤维化分期的诊断效能,并通过多因素线性回归分析LSM的影响因素。

结果

LSM与AIH肝纤维化分期呈显著正相关(r=0.839,P<0.001),其相关系数明显高于血清学模型。LSM诊断显著肝纤维化(≥F2期)、进展期肝纤维化(≥F3期)及肝硬化(F4期)中的受试者工作特征曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.966(95%CI:0.925~1.000)、0.940(95%CI:0.887~0.993)和0.940(95%CI:0.882~0.997),最佳临界值依次为8.61 kPa、10.54 kPa和15.62 kPa。LSM在各分期的AUC均优于血清学模型。纤维化分期和免疫球蛋白G(IgG)是LSM的独立影响因素。

结论

TE对AIH肝纤维化分期具有较高诊断效能,显著优于血清学模型;IgG水平或可影响LSM的诊断准确性。

Objective

To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy and performance of transient elastography (TE) for liver fibrosis in autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) patients and identify factors influencing liver stiffness measurements (LSM).

Methods

We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 87 AIH patients who underwent both liver biopsy and TE at Tianjin Medical University General Hospital between January 2016 and December 2024. Diagnostic performance of LSM and serological models for fibrosis staging were assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Independent LSM determinants were explored via multiple linear regression analysis.

Results

LSM exhibited a significantly stronger positive correlation with histological fibrosis stage (r=0.839, P<0.001) than the serological models. LSM demonstrated high diagnostic accuracy for significant fibrosis (≥F2; area under the curve [AUC]=0.966, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.925~1.000), advanced fibrosis (≥F3; AUC=0.940, 95%CI:0.887~0.993), and cirrhosis (F4; AUC=0.940, 95%CI: 0.882~0.997), with optimal cut-offs of 8.61 kPa, 10.54 kPa, and 15.62 kPa, respectively. The AUC of LSM surpassed that of the serological model across all stages. Fibrosis stage and immunoglobulin G (IgG) were independent predictors of LSM.

Conclusion

TE provides high diagnostic efficacy for liver fibrosis staging in AIH, outperforming serological models. Elevated IgG may influence LSM accuracy.

表1 AIH患者LSM及肝纤维化血清学模型与肝纤维化分期的相关性
图1 不同肝纤维化分期中无创诊断指标的比较。图a为LSM在不同纤维化分期中的分布;图b为血清学模型RPR在不同纤维化分期中的分布 注:数据以中位数(四分位间距)表示;*P<0.05;**P<0.01;***P<0.001;LSM为肝脏硬度值;RPR为红细胞分布宽度与血小板比值
图2 LSM及肝纤维化血清学模型对预测3组患者的ROC曲线。图a为显著肝纤维化组;图b为进展期肝纤维化组;图c为肝硬化组 注:LSM为肝脏硬度值;RPR为红细胞分布宽度与血小板比值;GPRI为γ-谷氨酰转移酶与血小板比值指数;FIB-4为纤维化-4指数;APRI为天冬氨酸转氨酶与血小板比值指数
表2 LSM及血清学模型对显著肝纤维化的诊断效能
表3 LSM及血清学模型对进展期肝纤维化的诊断效能
表4 LSM及血清学模型对肝硬化的诊断效能
表5 单因素相关性分析AIH患者LSM的影响因素
表6 多因素回归分析AIH患者LSM的影响因素
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