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中华临床医师杂志(电子版) ›› 2026, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (03) : 181 -187. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-0785.2026.03.003

临床研究

急性孤立脑桥梗死早期神经功能恶化的影像学预测因素
钟曦, 陈芸, 杜汉军, 李康之, 吴妍, 吴岩, 代心怡, 李霞()   
  1. 100143 北京,北京大学首钢医院神经内科
  • 收稿日期:2026-01-19 出版日期:2026-03-30
  • 通信作者: 李霞
  • 基金资助:
    北京大学首钢医院首颐医疗科技发展基金(SGYYQ202403)

Imaging predictors of early neurological deterioration in acute isolated pontine infarction: a retrospective study

Xi Zhong, Yun Chen, Hanjun Du, Kangzhi Li, Yan Wu, Yan Wu, Xinyi Dai, Xia Li()   

  1. Department of Neurology, Peking University Shougang Hospital, Beijing 100143, China
  • Received:2026-01-19 Published:2026-03-30
  • Corresponding author: Xia Li
引用本文:

钟曦, 陈芸, 杜汉军, 李康之, 吴妍, 吴岩, 代心怡, 李霞. 急性孤立脑桥梗死早期神经功能恶化的影像学预测因素[J/OL]. 中华临床医师杂志(电子版), 2026, 20(03): 181-187.

Xi Zhong, Yun Chen, Hanjun Du, Kangzhi Li, Yan Wu, Yan Wu, Xinyi Dai, Xia Li. Imaging predictors of early neurological deterioration in acute isolated pontine infarction: a retrospective study[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Clinicians(Electronic Edition), 2026, 20(03): 181-187.

目的

探讨急性孤立脑桥梗死(AIPI)患者影像学特征与早期神经功能恶化的相关性。

方法

回顾性分析2019年2月至2024年11月北京大学首钢医院收治的134例AIPI患者资料,根据是否发生早期神经功能恶化(END)分为END组和非END组,比较2组的人口学资料、临床资料及影像学指标。采用Logistic回归分析探索AIPI发生END的影响因素。

结果

共纳入134例患者,END发生率为16.4%。单因素分析显示,END组全脑皮质萎缩分级(GCA)评分、旁正中动脉供血区梗死比例、梗死灶最大长径及梗死体积均大于非END组,差异具有显著性(均P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析发现,GCA评分(OR=1.796,95%CI:1.131~2.853,P=0.013)和脑桥旁正中动脉供血区梗死(OR=3.822,95%CI:1.224~11.937,P=0.021)与END显著相关。

结论

脑萎缩GCA评分增加以及脑桥旁正中动脉供血区梗死与AIPI发生END显著正相关。

Objective

To investigate the association between imaging characteristics and early neurological deterioration (END) in patients with acute isolated pontine infarction (AIPI).

Methods

This retrospective study analyzed 134 patients with AIPI admitted to Peking University Shougang Hospital between February 2019 and November 2024. Patients were divided into either an END group or a non-END group according to the occurrence of early neurological deterioration or not. Demographic characteristics, clinical data, and imaging features were compared between the two groups. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with END in AIPI.

Results

A total of 134 patients were included, with an END incidence of 16.4%. Univariate analysis demonstrated that the END group had higher GCA scores, a higher proportion of infarctions within the paramedian pontine artery (PPA) territory, a larger maximum lesion length, and greater infarct volume than the non-END group (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the severity of cerebral atrophy (odds ratio [OR]=1.796, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.131~2.853, P=0.013) and infarction within the PPA territory (OR=3.822, 95%CI=1.224~11.937, P=0.021) were independently associated with the occurrence of END.

Conclusion

Increased GCA score and infarction within the PPA territory are significantly associated with a higher risk of END in patients with AIPI.

图1 急性孤立脑桥梗死患者入组筛选流程图 注:MRI为磁共振成像;END为早期神经功能恶化
图2 患者影像评估测量方法图示。图a为在最大梗死灶面积的DWI轴位图上测量了最大长径(标注为a);图b为在最大梗死灶面积的DWI轴位图上测量了垂直于最大长径的最大横径(标注为b)
表1 孤立脑桥梗死患者END组和非END组的临床资料比较
一般资料 END(n=22) 非END(n=112) P
男性[例(%)] 15(68.2) 71(63.4) 0.668
年龄[岁,MQ25Q75)] 69.0(60.8~80.0) 65.0(59.3~73.0) 0.078
危险因素[例(%)]
吸烟 6(27.3) 39(34.8) 0.493
高血压病 16(72.7) 77(68.8) 0.711
糖尿病 8(36.4) 51(45.5) 0.428
高脂血症 14(63.6) 60(53.6) 0.385
冠心病 7(31.8) 34(30.4) 0.892
心房颤动 2(9.1) 1(0.9) 0.070
脑梗死 8(36.4) 35(31.3) 0.639
临床特征
白细胞(×109/L,
±s
6.6±1.2 6.9±2.0 0.433
中性粒细胞(×109/L) 4.4(3.6~5.1) 4.3(3.1~-5.4) 0.761
空腹血糖(mmol/L,
±s
7.7±2.6 7.8±2.7 0.836
HbA1c(%) 7.5(5.6~8.4) 7.4(5.6~9.1) 0.569
HCY(μmol/L) 14.3(11.5~16.9) 13.4(9.9~15.6) 0.503
TC(mmol/L,
±s
4.9±1.2 4.6±1.1 0.133
HDL-C(mmol/L,
±s
1.1±0.2 1.1±0.3 0.221
LDL-C(mmol/L,
±s
3.0±0.9 2.7±0.8 0.180
TG(mmol/L) 1.5(1.2~2.4) 1.5(1.0~2.3) 0.729
肌酐(μmol/L) 65.0(52.8~71.4) 66.8(54.3~80.1) 0.207
尿素氮(mmol/L,
±s
5.3±1.8 5.2±1.6 0.925
尿酸(μmol/L,
±s
316.6±88.2 332.3±104.8 0.512
D-二聚体(mg/L) 0.6(0.4~0.8) 0.6(0.5~0.8) 0.331
纤维蛋白原(g/L,
±s
2.8±0.6 3.0±0.7 0.186
基线NIHSS[分,MQ25Q75)] 5(1.8~7.3) 3(2.0~5.0) 0.086
ODT[h,MQ25Q75)] 24.0(9.9~33.5) 24.0(13.0~47.3) 0.703
强化他汀治疗[例(%)] 10(45.5) 47(42.0) 0.762
抗栓方案[例(%)] 0.055
DAPT 7(31.8) 44(39.3)
SAPT 13(59.1) 67(59.8)
抗凝 2(9.1) 1(0.9)
表2 孤立脑桥梗死患者END组和非END组的影像资料比较
表3 END组与非END组多因素Logistic回归分析
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