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中华临床医师杂志(电子版) ›› 2018, Vol. 12 ›› Issue (04) : 227 -231. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-0785.2018.04.008

所属专题: 文献

临床研究

系统性红斑狼疮皮疹的临床分析
李文根1,(), 何雪春1, 何春媚1   
  1. 1. 514031 广东梅州,梅州市人民医院风湿科
  • 收稿日期:2017-12-12 出版日期:2018-02-15
  • 通信作者: 李文根
  • 基金资助:
    广东省医学科学技术研究基金项目(A2016491)

Clinical analysis of rash in systemic lupus erythematosus

Wengen Li1,(), Xuechun He1, Chunmei He1   

  1. 1. Department of Rheumatology, Meizhou People′s Hospital, Meizhou 514031, China
  • Received:2017-12-12 Published:2018-02-15
  • Corresponding author: Wengen Li
  • About author:
    Corresponding author: Li Wengen, Email:
引用本文:

李文根, 何雪春, 何春媚. 系统性红斑狼疮皮疹的临床分析[J]. 中华临床医师杂志(电子版), 2018, 12(04): 227-231.

Wengen Li, Xuechun He, Chunmei He. Clinical analysis of rash in systemic lupus erythematosus[J]. Chinese Journal of Clinicians(Electronic Edition), 2018, 12(04): 227-231.

目的

探讨系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)皮疹的临床意义。

方法

回顾性分析梅州市人民医院2010年1月至2016年12月诊治的661例确诊的SLE患者,根据皮肤有无皮疹损害分为皮疹组及非皮疹组,收集2组患者的临床表现、实验室结果和疾病活动等资料。采用χ2检验比较2组患者的各种临床表现的例数及实验室结果异常的例数,采用t检验比较2组患者血清补体C3、C4水平及SLE疾病活动指数评分,采用Logistic回归分析皮疹与性别、起病年龄、临床表现及实验室结果的相关性。

结果

661例SLE患者中338例(51.1%)出现皮疹损害。皮疹组患者的发热、口腔溃疡、脱发、关节炎发生率均高于非皮疹组(38.5% vs 30.3%;27.8% vs 19.2%;39.3% vs 25.1%;63.0% vs 51.4%),差异有统计学意义[χ2=4.821,P=0.028;χ2=6.800,P=0.009;χ2=15.366,P<0.001;χ2=9.124,P=0.003];皮疹组患者贫血的发生率低于非皮疹组(56.8% vs 64.4%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=3.984,P=0.046)。免疫学结果显示,皮疹组患者血清C3水平低于非皮疹组[(0.47±0.27)g/L vs (0.55±0.27)g/L],差异具有统计学意义(χ2=-3.929,P<0.001);皮疹组患者血清抗双联DNA抗体、抗Sm抗体的阳性率均高于非皮疹组(84.3% vs 77.7%;41.7% vs 27.9%),差异具有统计学意义(χ2=4.707,P=0.030;χ2=13.941,P<0.001)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,SLE患者发生皮疹的危险因素为口腔溃疡(OR=3.523,P<0.001)、脱发(OR=4.549,P<0.001)、关节炎(OR=1.758,P=0.002),起病年龄大(OR=0.502,P=0.006)、无贫血(OR=0.613,P=0.012)及补体C3水平正常(OR=0.472,P=0.006)是保护因素。

结论

皮疹是SLE常见的临床表现之一,皮疹损害可能预示SLE疾病过程中更易发生多系统损害,SLE患者发生皮疹损害与起病年龄、临床表现及血清学异常密切相关。

Objective

To investigate the clinical significance of rash in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

Methods

Six hundred and sixty-one SLE patients were enrolled into the study. The patients were divided into either a rash group or a control group (without rash manifestations) to compare the clinical findings, laboratory findings, and disease activity. The chi-square test was used to compare the number of clinical manifestations and the number of abnormal laboratory results in the two groups. The t-test was used to compare serum complement C3 and C4 levels and SLEDAI score between the two groups. Logistic regression was used to analyze the relation of rash with sex, onset age, clinical manifestations, and laboratory results.

Results

Among the 661 SLE patients, 338 (51.1%) had rash manifestations. The incidence of fever (38.5%), oral ulcer (27.8%), hair loss (39.3%), and arthritis (63.0%) in the rash group was significantly higher than that in the control group (38.5% vs 30.3%, χ2=4.821, P=0.028; 27.8% vs 19.2%, χ2=6.800, P=0.009; 39.3% vs 25.1%, χ2=15.366, P<0.001; and 63.0% vs 51.4%, χ2=9.124, P=0.003, respectively). The incidence of anemia in the rash group was lower than that in the control group (56.8% vs 64.4%, χ2=3.984, P=0.046). Immunological findings showed that the level of complement C3 was lower in the rash group than in the control group [(0.47±0.27) vs (0.55±0.27), χ2=-3.929, P<0.001]. SLE patients with rash had higher prevalence of anti-dsDNA antibody and anti-Sm antibody than those in the control group (84.3% vs 77.7%, χ2=4.707, P=0.030; and 41.7% vs 27.9%, χ2=13.941, P<0.001, respectively). The logistic regression analysis showed that oral ulcer (OR=3.523, P<0.001), hair loss (OR=4.549, P<0.001) and arthritis (OR=1.758, P=0.002) were risk factors for SLE rash, while older age (OR=0.502, P=0.006), no anemia (OR=0.613, P=0.012), and normal complement C3 level (OR=0.472, P=0.006) were protective factors.

Conclusion

Rash is one of the most common clinical manifestations of SLE and may be a marker of more severe systemic disease over time in SLE patients. Rash in SLE patients is closely related to age of onset, clinical manifestations, and serological abnormalities.

表1 2组SLE患者的临床表现的比较[例(%)]
表2 2组SLE患者的实验室结果及疾病活动评分的比较
表3 SLE各种研究因素名称及赋值
表4 皮疹影响因素的Logistic回归分析结果
因素 β SE Wald P OR 95%CI
性别 0.129 0.302 0.183 0.669 1.138 0.630~2.057
起病年龄 -0.689 0.250 7.572 0.006 0.502 0.308~0.820
发热 0.146 0.199 0.540 0.462 1.157 0.784~1.708
口腔溃疡 1.259 0.282 19.958 <0.001 3.523 2.028~6.122
脱发 1.515 0.237 41.034 <0.001 4.549 2.862~7.232
关节炎 0.564 0.184 9.432 0.002 1.758 1.227~2.520
皮肤血管炎 -0.336 0.301 1.244 0.265 0.715 0.396~1.289
浅表淋巴结肿大 0.042 0.230 0.029 0.866 1.043 0.681~1.602
浆膜炎 0.143 0.439 0.106 0.745 1.150 0.488~2.724
心包炎 -0.197 0.374 0.278 0.598 0.821 0.394~1.709
胸膜炎 -0.166 0.401 0.171 0.679 0.847 0.386~1.858
肺损害 -0.832 0.596 1.952 0.162 0.435 0.135~1.398
肾损害 0.105 0.232 0.081 0.831 1.034 0.699~1.517
消化系统损害 0.026 0.327 0.006 0.937 1.026 0.541~1.948
神经系统损害 0.177 0.413 0.184 0.668 1.194 0.531~2.684
白细胞减少症 0.035 0.220 0.025 0.874 1.036 0.673~1.592
血小板减少症 -0.163 0.224 0.527 0.468 0.850 0.547~1.319
贫血 -0.489 0.195 6.308 0.012 0.613 0.418~0.898
ANA 0.252 0.301 0.506 0.617 1.114 0.511~2.714
抗dsDNA抗体 -0.125 0.232 0.289 0.591 0.883 0.560~1.392
抗Sm抗体 0.336 0.252 1.783 0.182 1.399 0.855~2.291
抗nRNP抗体 0.028 0.249 0.012 0.912 1.028 0.631~1.676
抗SSA抗体 0.053 0.198 0.072 0.788 1.055 0.716~1.553
抗SSB抗体 0.142 0.271 0.274 0.601 1.152 0.677~1.960
aCL -0.121 0.344 0.123 0.726 0.886 0.452~1.739
补体C3 -0.750 0.272 7.609 0.006 0.472 0.277~0.805
补体C4 -0.612 0.311 1.023 0.202 0.881 0.696~1.489
常数项 1.410 0.638 4.883 0.027 4.096 ?
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