探讨血压与血糖常规检测项目在人群慢性病筛查中的测量偏性，为人群筛查结果的科学判断提供参考依据。

5808例样本与检测数据来源于上海市第四轮公共卫生三年行动计划糖尿病流行病学调查项目，采用流行病学调查数据库中前后2次血压测量值、手指末梢血与静脉血清的空腹血糖检测值，采用χ²检验比较血压和血糖测量结果以及高血压、糖尿病、空腹血糖受损检测阳性判定率的差异。

第1次测量的收缩压值［（134.04±18.95）mmHg）］（1 mmHg=0.133 kPa）、舒张压［（80.23±11.04）mmHg］均高于第2次测量的收缩压［（131.35±17.50）mmHg］与舒张压［（78.85±9.93）mmHg］。第1次测的高血压阳性率（39.91%）高于第2次测的阳性率（34.61%）。静脉血测量的空腹血糖值［（5.39±1.15）mmol/L］高于手指末梢血测［（5.32±1.13）mmol/L］，静脉血检测出的空腹血糖受损率（8.73%）、糖尿病阳性率（6.23%）均高于手指末梢血的空腹血糖受损率（7.83%）与糖尿病阳性率（6.15%）。

第1次测量的血压值、高血压阳性判定率高于第2次测量的，血压测量时最好连续测量2~3次，并取平均值，避免一次血压测量结果引起的判断偏差；静脉空腹血检测出的空腹血糖受损判定率与糖尿病阳性判定率均高于手指末梢血的，在手指末梢血检测出的空腹血糖处在临界值附近时，最好再次检测静脉血清的血糖。

To investigate the bias of routine blood pressure and blood glucose testing in population-based screening for chronic diseases to provide a reference for population screening and result evaluation.

A total of 5808 samples and data were collected from the Diabetes Epidemiological Survey Project of the Fourth Three-year Public Health Action Plan of Shanghai. Blood pressure values obtained in the first and second measurements, and the fasting glucose levels for fingertip blood and venous serum were recorded. SPSS software was used to compare the difference in the positive detection rates of hypertension, diabetes, and impaired fasting glucose.

The systolic blood pressure [(134.04±18.95) mmHg, 1 mmHg=0.133 kPa)] and diastolic pressure [(80.23±11.04) mmHg)] obtained in the first test were higher than those obtained in the second test [(131.35±17.50) mmHg and (78.85±9.93) mmHg, respectively]. The positive rate of hypertension for the first test (39.91%) was higher than that of the second test (34.61%). The fasting blood glucose measured using venous serum [(5.39±1.15) mmol/L] was higher than that using fingertip blood [(5.32±1.13) mmol/L]. The positive detection rate of impaired fasting blood glucose (8.73%) and the positive rate of diabetes (6.23%) obtained using venous serum were higher than those using fingertip blood (7.83% and 6.15%).

The blood pressure and positive rate of hypertension obtained in the first test are higher than those obtained in the second measurement. Therefore, when measuring blood pressure, it is better to repeat 2~3 times and take the average to avoid deviation. The impaired fasting glucose rate and the positive rate of diabetes obtained using fasting blood glucose are higher than those obtained using finger blood. When the fasting blood glucose detected using fingertip blood is near the critical value, it is better to test the blood glucose using venous serum again.