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中华临床医师杂志(电子版) ›› 2020, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (09) : 669 -673. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-0785.2020.09.001

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临床研究

肺炎克雷伯菌的表型特征及耐药性分析
苏维奇1, 罗玮1, 由晓颜1,()   
  1. 1. 266071 山东青岛,青岛市市立医院检验科
  • 收稿日期:2019-12-09 出版日期:2020-09-15
  • 通信作者: 由晓颜
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(31502122)

Phenotypic characteristics and drug resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae

Weiqi Su1, Wei Luo1, Xiaoyan You1,()   

  1. 1. Clinical Laboratory, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao 266071, China
  • Received:2019-12-09 Published:2020-09-15
  • Corresponding author: Xiaoyan You
  • About author:
    Corresponding author: You Xiaoyan, Email:
引用本文:

苏维奇, 罗玮, 由晓颜. 肺炎克雷伯菌的表型特征及耐药性分析[J]. 中华临床医师杂志(电子版), 2020, 14(09): 669-673.

Weiqi Su, Wei Luo, Xiaoyan You. Phenotypic characteristics and drug resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae[J]. Chinese Journal of Clinicians(Electronic Edition), 2020, 14(09): 669-673.

目的

分析肺炎克雷伯菌的不同生物学表型特征,为临床抗感染治疗提供实验依据。

方法

收集2018年1月至2019年10月间青岛市市立医院住院患者各种感染性标本中分离的肺炎克雷伯菌,采用VITEK-2 compact全自动细菌鉴定/药敏系统对临床分离菌株进行鉴定和药敏试验。分析肺炎克雷伯菌的标本来源和科室分布,比较不同生物学表型肺炎克雷伯菌的耐药率的差异。

结果

共分离非重复肺炎克雷伯菌1435株,其中超广谱β-内酰胺酶肺炎克雷伯菌(ESBLs)菌株316株(22.0%)、耐碳青霉烯肺炎克雷伯菌(CR-KP)菌株177株(12.3%)、高毒力肺炎克雷伯菌(HvKP)菌株113株(7.9%);标本来源以痰液标本最多,检出489株,占34.1%,其次为尿液标本,检出220株,占15.3%;科室分布主要来自于重症监护病房、急诊病房和神经外科病房,分别占21.8%、15.4%和10.8%。药敏结果显示:不同生物学表型的肺炎克雷伯菌对临床常用抗菌药物的敏感性差别较大,CR-KP的耐药率最高,对多数抗菌药物的耐药率均在80%以上,其次为ESBLs菌株,而HvKP菌株的耐药率最低,对大多数抗菌药物的耐药率均<10%。

结论

引起医院感染的肺炎克雷伯菌临床分布较为广泛,可表现为多种生物学表型,其对常用抗菌药物的敏感性也大不相同,因此,临床在感染性疾病的诊治过程中应重视病原学检查。

Objective

To analyze the different biological phenotypic characteristics of Klebsiella pneumoniae and provide an experimental basis for clinical anti-infection treatment.

Methods

Clinical Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates were collected from the Qingdao Municipal Hospital, China from January 2018 to October 2019. VITEK-2 compact automatic bacterial identification/susceptibility sensitivity system was used for identification and drug sensitivity testing of clinically isolated strains. The origin and distribution of Klebsiella pneumoniae specimens were analyzed, and the differences in drug resistance rates of Klebsiella pneumoniae with different biological phenotypes were compared.

Results

A total of 1435 strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae were isolated, among which 316 (22.0%) produced extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs), 177 (12.3%) were carbapenem-resistant (CR-KP), and 113 (7.9%) were high-virulent (HvKP). Sputum specimens were the most abundant source, in which 489 strains were detected, accounting for 34.1%; the second was urine specimens, with 220 strains isolated, accounting for 15.3%. The departments involved were mainly intensive care unit, emergency ward, and neurosugical ward, accounting for 21.8%, 15.4%, and 10.8%, respectively. Drug sensitivity results showed that the sensitivity of Klebsiella pneumoniae with different biological phenotypes to commonly used antibiotics was quite different; CR-KP had the highest resistance, with a drug resistance rate to most antibiotics being above 80%, followed by ESBLs, and HvKP strains had the lowest resistance, with a drug resistance rate to most antibiotics being less than 10%.

Conclusion

Klebsiella pneumoniae causing nosocomial infection is widely distributed clinically, which can be manifested as a variety of biological phenotypes, and its sensitivity to commonly used antibacterial drugs is also quite different. Therefore, clinical attention should be paid to pathogen examination in the diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases.

表1 各科室分离的不同类型KPN的比例分布[株(%)]
表2 各标本来源分离的不同类型KPN的比例分布[株(%)]
表3 KPN不同生物学表型的耐药率结果(%)
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