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中华临床医师杂志(电子版) ›› 2021, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (01) : 37 -42. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-0785.2021.01.007

所属专题: 经典病例 文献

临床研究

颅骨修补联合同侧脑室分流术治疗颅骨缺损并脑积水35例
张振1, 张恒柱2,(), 李育平2, 佘磊2, 董伦2, 汤灿2   
  1. 1. 215153 江苏苏州,南京医科大学附属苏州科技城医院神经外科
    2. 225000 江苏扬州,扬州大学附属苏北人民医院神经外科
  • 收稿日期:2020-02-14 出版日期:2021-01-15
  • 通信作者: 张恒柱
  • 基金资助:
    江苏省“333”工程科研资助立项项目(BRA2019026); 江苏省高层次卫生人才“六个一工程”拔尖人才科研项目(LGY2017026)

Cranioplasty combined with ipsilateral ventriculoperitoneal shunt for treatment of 35 cases of skull defect with hydrocephalus

Zhen Zhang1, Hengzhu Zhang2,(), Yuping Li2, Lei She2, Lun Dong2, Can Tang2   

  1. 1. Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Suzhou Science& Technology Town Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215153, China
    2. Department of Neurosurgery, Subei People's Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
  • Received:2020-02-14 Published:2021-01-15
  • Corresponding author: Hengzhu Zhang
引用本文:

张振, 张恒柱, 李育平, 佘磊, 董伦, 汤灿. 颅骨修补联合同侧脑室分流术治疗颅骨缺损并脑积水35例[J]. 中华临床医师杂志(电子版), 2021, 15(01): 37-42.

Zhen Zhang, Hengzhu Zhang, Yuping Li, Lei She, Lun Dong, Can Tang. Cranioplasty combined with ipsilateral ventriculoperitoneal shunt for treatment of 35 cases of skull defect with hydrocephalus[J]. Chinese Journal of Clinicians(Electronic Edition), 2021, 15(01): 37-42.

目的

探讨颅骨修补联合同侧脑室分流术治疗颅骨缺损并脑积水的临床效果及安全性。

方法

回顾性分析78例颅骨缺损合并脑积水患者的临床资料,均一期行颅骨修补术及脑室分流术治疗,其中颅骨修补联合同侧脑室分流术35例(同侧手术组),对侧术式43例(对侧手术组)。

结果

同侧手术组在手术切口长度[(28.97±4.55)cm]、手术时间[(139.00±42.27)min]和术中出血量[(174.57±79.35)ml]明显优于对侧手术组[分别为(37.15±5.83)cm、(214.07±34.35)min、(257.21±72.02)ml],差异具有统计学意义(t值分别为6.786、8.656、4.815,P均<0.001)。2组术后脑积水程度均较术前明显改善(P<0.001),但2组间脑积水程度差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后出现感染、癫痫、硬膜下积液、钛板下积液、过度引流等并发症,2组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),而同侧手术组的颅内出血率(2.86%)明显低于对侧手术组(20.93%;χ2=4.138,P=0.042)。2组术后GCS评分均较术前改善(P<0.05),术后GCS评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后6个月时,2组GOS有效率差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.005,P=0.944)。

结论

颅骨修补联合同侧脑室腹腔分流术与对侧术式的治疗效果一致,但具有手术时间短、术中创伤小、出血少、颅内出血风险小等优点,适合临床推广和应用。

Objective

To assess the clinical efficacy and safety of cranioplasty combined with ipsilateral ventricular shunt in the treatment of skull defect with hydrocephalus.

Methods

The clinical data of 78 patients with skull defect and hydrocephalus were analyzed retrospectively. All patients were treated by cranioplasty and ventriculoperitonea shunt in one stage, including 35 cases of cranioplasty combined with ipsilateral ventriculoperitonea shunt and 43 cases of contralateral operation.

Results

The incision length [(28.97±4.55) cm], operation time [(139.00±42.27) min], and intraoperative hemorrhage [(174.57±79.35) ml] in the ipsilateral operation group were significantly better than those in the contralateral operation group [(37.15±5.83) cm, (214.07±34.35) min, and (257.21±72.02) ml, respectively] (t=6.786, 8.656 and 4.815, respectively; P<0.001).The degree of postoperative hydrocephalus in the two groups was significantly improved (P<0.001), but there was no significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05). Among the postoperative complications, there was no significant difference in infection, epilepsy, subdural effusion, titanium plate effusion, or excessive cerebrospinal fluid drainage between the two groups (P>0.05). The incidence of intracranial hemorrhage in the ipsilateral operation group (2.86%) was significantly lower than that in the contralateral operation group (20.93%; χ2=4.138, P=0.042). The postoperative Glasgow coma scale (GCS) scores of the two groups were improved compared with those before surgery (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in the postoperative GCS scores between the two groups (P>0.05). At 6 months after surgery, there was no statistically significant difference in Glasgow outcome scale score between the two groups (χ2=0.005, P=0.944).

Conclusion

Cranioplasty combined with ipsilateral ventriculoperitoneal shunt has the same therapeutic effect as contralateral operation, but it has the advantages of shorter operation time, less trauma, less bleeding, and less risk of intracranial hemorrhage.

表1 2组单侧颅骨缺损伴脑积水患者的术前一般资料比较
图1 颅骨修补术联合同侧一期脑室腹腔分流术。图a为分流管脑室端置入侧脑室后,固定于脑膜表面;图b为钛网适当修剪避免分流管卡压,固定分流阀于骨窗缘;图c为术前CT示颅骨缺损合并脑积水、脑膨出、脑软化灶;图d为术后CT示分流管脑室端经过额叶软化灶,钛网覆盖良好,分流阀固定在位,脑室缩小,脑沟脑回清晰
图2 颅骨修补术联合对侧一期脑室腹腔分流术。图a为改良对侧手术组脑室引流切口设计;图b为分流阀两端连接分流管,丝线固定;图c为CT显示脑室穿刺后穿刺部位出血伴周围水肿;图d为CT显示脑室穿刺后同侧脑室后角出现积血
表2 2组单侧颅骨缺损伴脑积水患者手术一般情况比较(
xˉ
±s
表3 2组单侧颅骨缺损伴脑积水患者术前、术后脑积水程度比较(%,
xˉ
±s
表4 2组单侧颅骨缺损伴脑积水患者术前、术后GCS评分情况比较(分,
xˉ
±s
表5 2组单侧颅骨缺损伴脑积水患者术后6个月预后情况比较[例(%)]
表6 2组单侧颅骨缺损伴脑积水患者术后并发症比较[例(%)]
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