切换至 "中华医学电子期刊资源库"

中华临床医师杂志(电子版) ›› 2021, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (01) : 52 -56. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-0785.2021.01.010

所属专题: 文献

综述

脑部类淋巴系统的研究进展
杨逸飞1, 李昊1,()   
  1. 1. 201102 上海,国家儿童医学中心,复旦大学附属儿科医院神经外科
  • 收稿日期:2020-07-16 出版日期:2021-01-15
  • 通信作者: 李昊

Progress in research of the glymphatic system of the brain

Yifei Yang1, Hao Li1,()   

  1. 1. Department of Neurosurgery, National Children's Medical Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China
  • Received:2020-07-16 Published:2021-01-15
  • Corresponding author: Hao Li
引用本文:

杨逸飞, 李昊. 脑部类淋巴系统的研究进展[J]. 中华临床医师杂志(电子版), 2021, 15(01): 52-56.

Yifei Yang, Hao Li. Progress in research of the glymphatic system of the brain[J]. Chinese Journal of Clinicians(Electronic Edition), 2021, 15(01): 52-56.

传统观点中,外周器官通过淋巴循环清除多余液体和代谢产物达到机体稳态,但大脑不存在类似结构。近年发现大脑中存在一种类淋巴系统可起到类似作用。文内就类淋巴系统的结构、功能及影响因素进行阐述,并综述了该系统在相关脑部疾病中的研究进展。

Traditionally, peripheral organs have been thought to maintain homeostasis by clearing excess fluid and metabolites from the lymphatic circulation, but the brain has no similar structure. In recent years, it has been found that a lymphatic system in the brain plays a similar role. In this paper, we describe the structure, function, and influencing factors of the lymphatic system, and review the progress in the research of the lymphatic system in related brain diseases.

图1 脑部类淋巴循环脑脊液与脑间质液交换机制
图2 水通道蛋白4的结构
图3 血脑屏障系统与类淋巴系统共同承担Aβ排泄出脑的过程
1
Liao S, Padera TP. Lymphatic function and immune regulation in health and disease [J]. Lymphat Res Biol, 2013, 11(3): 136-143.
2
Wang Z, Ying Z, Bosy-Westphal A, et al. Evaluation of specific metabolic rates of major organs and tissues: comparison between nonobese and obese women [J]. Obesity (Silver Spring), 2012, 20(1): 95-100.
3
Rasmussen MK, Mestre H, Nedergaard M. The glymphatic pathway in neurological disorders [J]. Lancet Neurol, 2018, 17(11): 1016-1024.
4
Mahringer A, Fricker G. ABC transporters at the blood-brain barrier [J]. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol, 2016, 12(5): 499-508.
5
Wright BL, Lai JT, Sinclair AJ. Cerebrospinal fluid and lumbar puncture: a practical review [J]. J Neurol, 2012, 259(8): 1530-1545.
6
Secker GA, Harvey NL. VEGFR signaling during lymphatic vascular development: From progenitor cells to functional vessels [J]. Dev Dyn, 2015, 244(3): 323-331.
7
Oresković D, Klarica M. The formation of cerebrospinal fluid: nearly a hundred years of interpretations and misinterpretations [J]. Brain Res Rev, 2010, 64(2): 241-262.
8
Praetorius J. Water and solute secretion by the choroid plexus [J]. Pflugers Arch, 2007, 454(1): 1-18.
9
Damkier HH, Brown PD, Praetorius J. Cerebrospinal fluid secretion by the choroid plexus [J]. Physiol Rev, 2013, 93(4): 1847-1892.
10
Sakka L, Coll G, Chazal J. Anatomy and physiology of cerebrospinal fluid [J]. Eur Ann Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Dis, 2011, 128(6): 309-316.
11
Variend S. Cerebrospinal Fluid and the Brain Edemas [J]. Neuroscience, 1988, 28(2): 516.
12
Cserr HF, Cooper DN, Suri PK, et al. Efflux of radiolabeled polyethylene glycols and albumin from rat brain [J]. Am J Physiol, 1981, 240(4): F319-F328.
13
Pollay M. Overview of the CSF dual outflow system [J]. Acta Neurochir Suppl, 2012, 113(113): 47-50.
14
Iliff JJ, Wang M, Liao Y, et al. A paravascular pathway facilitates CSF flow through the brain parenchyma and the clearance of interstitial solutes, including amyloid β [J]. Sci Transl Med, 2012, 4(147): 147ra111.
15
Tarasoff-Conway JM, Carare RO, Osorio RS, et al. Clearance systems in the brain-implications for Alzheimer disease [J]. Nat Rev Neurol, 2016, 12(4): 457-470.
16
Wolak DJ , Thorne RG. Diffusion of macromolecules in the brain: implications for drug delivery [J]. Mol Pharm, 2013, 10(5): 1492-1504.
17
Thrane AS, Rangroo Thrane V, Nedergaard M. Drowning stars: reassessing the role of astrocytes in brain edema [J]. Trends in Neuroences, 2014, 37(11): 620-628.
18
Heling C, Chuyi H, Hongyan D, et al. Aquaporin-4 and cerebrovascular diseases [J]. Int J Mol Sci, 2016, 17(8): 331-339.
19
Nielsen S, Smith BL, Agre CP. Distribution of the aquaporin CHIP in secretory and resorptive epithelia and capillary endothelia [J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 1993, 90(15): 7275-7279.
20
Jessen NA, Munk ASF, Lundgaard I, et al. The Glymphatic system: a beginner's guide [J]. Neurochem Res, 2015, 40(12): 2583-2599.
21
Hladky SB, Barrand MA. Mechanisms of fluid movement into, through and out of the brain: evaluation of the evidence [J]. Fluids Barriers CNS, 2014, 11(1): 26.
22
Murtha LA, Yang Q, Parsons MW, et al. Cerebrospinal fluid is drained primarily via the spinal canal and olfactory route in young and aged spontaneously hypertensive rats [J]. Fluids Barriers CNS, 2014, 11(1): 12.
23
Xie L, Kang H, Xu Q, et al. Sleep drives metabolite clearance from the adult brain [J]. Science, 2013, 342(6156): 373-377.
24
Ma Q, Ineichen BV, Detmar M, et al. Outflow of cerebrospinal fluid is predominantly through lymphatic vessels and is reduced in aged mice [J]. Nat Commun, 2017, 8(1): 1434.
25
Kiviniemi V, Wang X, Korhonen V, et al. Ultra-fast magnetic resonance encephalography of physiological brain activity-glymphatic pulsation mechanisms? [J]. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab, 2016, 36(6): 1033-1045.
26
Zeppenfeld DM, Simon M, Haswell JD, et al. Association of perivascular localization of aquaporin-4 with cognition and Alzheimer disease in aging brains [J]. JAMA Neurol, 2017, 74(1): 91-99.
27
Farrall AJ, Wardlaw JM. Blood-brain barrier: ageing and microvascular disease—systematic review and meta-analysis [J]. Neurobiol Aging, 2009, 30(3): 337-352.
28
Kress BT, Iliff JJ, Xia M, et al. Impairment of paravascular clearance pathways in the aging brain [J]. Ann Neurol, 2014, 76(6): 845-861.
29
Verheggen ICM , Van Boxtel MPJ, Verhey FRJ, et al. Interaction between blood-brain barrier and glymphatic system in solute clearance [J]. Neurosci Biobehav Rev, 2018, 90(1): 26-33.
30
Rama Rao KV, Verkman AS, Curtis KM, et al. Aquaporin-4 deletion in mice reduces encephalopathy and brain edema in experimental acute liver failure [J]. Neurobiol Dis, 2014, 63(1): 222-228.
31
Wang WW, Xie CL, Zhou LL, et al. The function of aquaporin4 in ischemic brain edema [J]. Clin Neurol Neurosurg, 2014, 127(1): 5-9.
32
Assentoft M, Larsen BR, Macaulay N. Regulation and function of AQP4 in the central nervous system [J]. Int J Mol Sci, 2015, 40(12): 2615-2627.
33
Yang W, Wu Q, Yuan C, et al. Aquaporin-4 mediates astrocyte response to β-amyloid [J]. Mol Cell Neurosci, 2012, 49(4): 406-414.
[1] 杨钊, 姚裕家, 付雪梅. 新生鼠缺氧缺血损伤脑组织水通道蛋白-4表达及意义[J]. 中华妇幼临床医学杂志(电子版), 2007, 03(01): 16-f4.
[2] 孙钢. 超高场磁共振成像的发展现状与展望[J]. 中华消化病与影像杂志(电子版), 2023, 13(06): 369-372.
[3] 田雨, 王伊龙. 脑类淋巴系统在脑小血管病中的研究进展[J]. 中华脑血管病杂志(电子版), 2021, 15(04): 200-204.
阅读次数
全文


摘要