对比分析肺部高频超声与CT扫描在儿童肺炎支原体肺炎（MPP）的诊断效能。

选取2017年1月至2021年1月无锡市儿童医院收治的86例MPP患儿，均行肺部高频超声和CT扫描检查，分析患儿影像学表现与特点，比较高频超声与肺部CT对儿童MPP诊断效能。

86例MPP患儿中76例（88.37%）肺部高频超声B线，61例（70.93%）胸膜线中断、变细或消失，41例肺（47.67%）实质或支气管征，19例（22.09%）A线可见蝙蝠征、水平伪影，9例（10.47%）肺滑动征不可见，6例（6.98%）白肺。86例MPP患儿CT扫描均可见肺部纹理异常，不同程度的弥散磨玻璃影或伴支气管网状影，部分患儿支气管束增厚并呈充气征，少数患儿表现胸腔积液。肺部超声诊断儿童MPP符合率为93.02%，误诊率为6.98%；肺部CT诊断儿童MPP符合率为100%，误诊率为0%，差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。以肺部CT为“金标准”，ROC曲线显示肺部高频超声诊断儿童MPP的曲线下面积（AUC）为0.865（95%CI：0.762~0.921），敏感度为88.36%，特异度为80.09%。

与肺部CT扫描相比，肺部高频超声对儿童MPP具有较高的诊断符合率和一致性。肺部高频超声可作为儿童MPP辅助诊断手段之一，从而降低患儿射线暴露，具有较高临床价值。

To compare the diagnostic performance of high-frequency ultrasound and CT in children with mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP).

A total of 86 MPP children were admitted to Wuxi Children's Hospital from January 2017 to January 2021. High-frequency ultrasound and CT scanning of the lungs were performed to analyze the imaging manifestations and characteristics in children patients, and the diagnostic performance of high-frequency ultrasound and CT was compared.

Of the 86 children with MPP, 76 (88.37%) had B-line of high-frequency ultrasound in the lung, 61 (70.93%) had interrupted, thinned, or disappearing pleural line, 41 (47.67%) had lung parenchyma or bronchial sign, 19 (22.09%) had bat sign and horizontal artifact on A-line, 9 (10.47%) had no visible lung glide sign, and 6 (6.98%) had white lung. CT showed abnormal lung textures, varying degrees of diffuse ground-glass opacity with bronchial reticular opacity, thickening and inflation of bronchial bundles in some MPP children, and pleural effusion in a few MPP children. The accuracy rate and misdiagnosis rate of ultrasound diagnosis were 93.02% and 6.98%, respectively, and the corresponding rates of CT diagnosis were 100% and 0%, respectively; the difference between them was statistically significant (P＜0.05). Using lung CT as the "gold standard", ROC curve analysis showed that the AUC of high-frequency ultrasound diagnosis in children with MPP was 0.865 (95%CI: 0.762~0.921), with a sensitivity of 88.36% and specificity of 80.09%.

High-frequency ultrasound has a high diagnostic accuracy for MPP in children, and it can be used as an auxiliary diagnostic tool for children MPP, so as to reduce the radiation exposure.