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中华临床医师杂志(电子版) ›› 2022, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (09) : 908 -913. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-0785.2022.09.017

临床研究

2017年到2019年某地区早产儿支气管肺发育不良的发病高危因素分析
林明静1,(), 蔡冬1, 冯文婷1, 伍芳芳1, 张开颜2   
  1. 1. 570311 海南海口,海南省人民医院,海南医学院附属海南医院新生儿科
    2. 570311 海南海口,海南省人民医院,海南医学院附属海南医院眼科
  • 收稿日期:2021-09-03 出版日期:2022-09-15
  • 通信作者: 林明静
  • 基金资助:
    海南省第八届基层卫生适宜技术推广项目(20192919)

Risk factors for bronchopulmonary dysplasia in premature infants born from 2017 to 2019

Mingjing Lin1,(), Dong Cai1, Wenting Feng1, Fangfang Wu1, Kaiyan Zhang2   

  1. 1. Department of Neonatology, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570311, China
    2. Department of Ophthalmology, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570311, China
  • Received:2021-09-03 Published:2022-09-15
  • Corresponding author: Mingjing Lin
引用本文:

林明静, 蔡冬, 冯文婷, 伍芳芳, 张开颜. 2017年到2019年某地区早产儿支气管肺发育不良的发病高危因素分析[J/OL]. 中华临床医师杂志(电子版), 2022, 16(09): 908-913.

Mingjing Lin, Dong Cai, Wenting Feng, Fangfang Wu, Kaiyan Zhang. Risk factors for bronchopulmonary dysplasia in premature infants born from 2017 to 2019[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Clinicians(Electronic Edition), 2022, 16(09): 908-913.

目的

探讨早产儿支气管肺发育不良(BPD)的发生率和相关危险因素,并对高危因素进行分析,指导临床预防和诊治,最大程度上改善早产儿的生存质量。

方法

回顾性分析2017年1月至2019年12月1137例在海南省人民医院新生儿科出生及全省各地转诊来本院的早产儿,其中男性689例,女性448例,出生胎龄<37周,统计支气管肺发育不良发生率,采用单因素及多因素logistics回归分析探究早产儿BPD的相关因素。

结果

1137例早产儿中有30例出现BPD的现象,其发生率为2.63%。出生胎龄≤28周、28周~32周的早产儿,BPD的发生率分别为63.6%、3%;出生体重<1250 g、1250~1500 g的早产儿,BPD的发生率分别为62.9%、12.7%(P<0.001)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,胎龄≤28周(OR=2.26,95%CI:1.35~3.78)、出生体重≤1250 g(OR=3.08,95%CI:1.73~5.51)、肺部感染(OR=3.47,95%CI:1.87~6.41)、机械通气(OR=4.23,95%CI:1.94~9.18)和动脉导管未闭(OR=5.14,95%CI:2.43~10.78)为早产儿支气管肺发育不良的危险因素(P<0.05)。

结论

低胎龄、低出生体重、机械通气、肺部感染、动脉导管未闭为海南地区早产儿支气管肺发育不良的危险因素。应针对上述因素采取有效措施,预防早产儿支气管肺发育不良的发生。

Objective

To investigate the incidence and risk factors of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in premature infants born from 2017 to 2019 in Hainan.

Methods

A total of 1137 cases of premature infants born at our hospital or referred to our hospital from January 2017 to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed, including 689 males and 448 females with a gestational age <37 weeks. The incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia was analyzed. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the risk factors for premature BPD.

Results

BPD was found in 30 (2.63%) of 1137 premature infants. The incidence of BPD was 63.6% in preterm infants with a gestational age ≤28 weeks and 3% in preterm infants with a gestational age between 28 weeks and 32 weeks, and 62.9% and 12.7% in preterm infants with birth weight <1250 g and 1250~1500 g, respectively (P<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that fetal age ≤28 weeks (odds ratio [OR]=2.26, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.35~3.78), birth weight≤1250 g (OR=3.08, 95%CI: 1.73~5.51), pulmonary infection (OR=3.47, 95%CI: 1.87~6.41), mechanical ventilation (OR=4.23, 95%CI: 1.94~9.18), and patent ductus arteriosus (OR=5.14, 95%CI: 2.43~10.78) were risk factors for bronchopulmonary dysplasia in premature infants (P<0.05).

Conclusion

Low gestational age, low birth weight, mechanical ventilation, pulmonary infection, and patent ductus arteriosus are the risk factors for bronchopulmonary dysplasia in premature infants in Hainan. Effective measures should be taken to prevent bronchopulmonary dysplasia in premature infants.

图1 BPD及严重程度发生率
表1 BPD患儿一般资料
图2 不同胎龄的患儿发生BPD的分布情况
图3 不同体重患儿发生BPD的分布情况
表2 BPD不同危险因素的单因素分析[例(%)]
表3 早产儿支气管肺发育不良影响因素多因素logistics回归分析
表4 早产儿治疗方式比较
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