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中华临床医师杂志(电子版) ›› 2022, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (11) : 1089 -1095. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-0785.2022.11.010

临床研究

多模块3D虚拟现实技术联合重复经颅磁刺激治疗卒中后认知功能障碍的效果
黄爱茹1, 付婧1, 余茜1,()   
  1. 1. 西南医科大学临床医学院,泸州 646000,四川省医学科学院四川省人民医院康复医学科,成都 610072
  • 收稿日期:2021-12-21 出版日期:2022-11-15
  • 通信作者: 余茜

Effects of multiple-modular 3D virtual reality technology combined with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in the treatment of post-stroke cognitive impairment

Airu Huang1, Jing Fu1, Qian Yu1,()   

  1. 1. School of Clinical Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu 610072, China
  • Received:2021-12-21 Published:2022-11-15
  • Corresponding author: Qian Yu
引用本文:

黄爱茹, 付婧, 余茜. 多模块3D虚拟现实技术联合重复经颅磁刺激治疗卒中后认知功能障碍的效果[J/OL]. 中华临床医师杂志(电子版), 2022, 16(11): 1089-1095.

Airu Huang, Jing Fu, Qian Yu. Effects of multiple-modular 3D virtual reality technology combined with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in the treatment of post-stroke cognitive impairment[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Clinicians(Electronic Edition), 2022, 16(11): 1089-1095.

目的

观察多模块3D虚拟现实技术(3D-VR技术)联合重复经颅磁刺激(rTMS)对卒中后认知功能障碍的疗效。

方法

选取2018年7月至2021年7月四川省人民医院收治的96例脑卒中后认知功能障碍患者,其中男55例,女41例,年龄(58.89±10.64)岁。采用随机信封法分为观察组、对照组,各48例。对照组在常规认知康复训练基础上采用rTMS治疗,观察组在对照组基础上联合多模块3D-VR技术训练,持续治疗4周后,比较两组患者相关功能恢复情况[蒙特利尔认知评估量表(MoCA)、Rivermead行为记忆试验Ⅱ(RBMT-Ⅱ)、改良Barthel指数(MBI)]、听觉事件诱发电位P300、血清指标[脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)、淀粉样前体蛋白(APP)、同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)]及海马区磁共振波谱(MRS)代谢物[N-乙酰天门冬氨酸(NAA)/肌酸(Cr)、胆碱化合物(Cho)/Cr]。

结果

治疗后,2组患者MoCA、RBMT-Ⅱ、MBI评分均较治疗前升高(P<0.05),且观察组MoCA[(24.68±4.26)比(22.19±4.05)分]、RBMT-Ⅱ[(18.65±2.37)比(16.28±2.21)分]、MBI[(69.28±9.46)比(64.37±8.84)分]评分均显著高于对照组(均P<0.05)。治疗后,2组患者P300潜伏期均较治疗前缩短、P300振幅均较治疗前增高(P<0.05),且观察组P300潜伏期显著短于对照组[(345.45±41.27)比(379.72±44.34)ms,P<0.05]、P300振幅显著高于对照组[(10.69±3.28)比(7.55±2.84)μV,P<0.05]。治疗后,2组患者血清BDNF均较治疗前升高,APP、Hcy均较治疗前下降(P<0.05),且观察组血清BDNF显著高于对照组(P<0.05),APP、Hcy均显著低于对照组(均P<0.05)。治疗后,2组患者左右两侧NAA/Cr值均较治疗前升高、Cho/Cr值均较治疗前下降(均P<0.05),其中观察组左右两侧NAA/Cr值均显著高于对照组(均P<0.05)。

结论

多模块3D-VR技术联合rTMS治疗能有效提高脑卒中后认知障碍患者认知功能、记忆功能、日常生活能力,可能与改善听觉事件诱发电位P300、调节血清BDNF、APP、Hcy代谢及海马区脑组织代谢有关。

Objective

To observe the effects of multiple-modular 3D virtual reality technology (3D-VR technology) combined with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in the treatment of post-stroke cognitive impairment.

Methods

Total of 96 patients with post-stroke cognitive impairment who were treated in Sichuan Provincial People' s Hospital were selected between July 2018 and July 2021, including 55 males and 41 females with a mean age of (58.89±10.64) years. The enrolled patients were divided into observation group (48 cases) and control group (48 cases) with the random envelope method. The control group was treated with rTMS on the basis of conventional cognitive rehabilitation training while the observation group was combined with multiple-modular 3D-VR technology training on the basis of the control group. After 4 weeks of continuous treatment, the related functional recovery status [Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Rivermead Behavioral Memory Test-Ⅱ (RBMT-Ⅱ), Modified Barthel Index (MBI)], auditory event evoked potential P300, serum indicators [brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), amyloid precursor protein (APP), homocysteine (Hcy)] and hippocampal magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) metabolites [N-acetyl-aspartic acid (NAA)/creatine (Cr), choline compound (Cho)/Cr] were compared between the two groups of patients.

Results

After treatment, the scores of scales such as MoCA, RBMT-Ⅱ and MBI in the two groups were all increased when compared with those before treatment (all P<0.05), and the MoCA score (24.68±4.26 vs 22.19±4.05), RBMT-Ⅱscore (18.65±2.37 vs 16.28±2.21) and MBI score (69.28±9.46 vs 64.37±8.84) were significantly higher in observation group than those in control group (all P<0.05). After treatment, the P300 latency of the two groups was shortened compared to that before treatment, and the P300 amplitude was enhanced (both P<0.05), and the P300 latency in observation group was significantly shorter than that in control group [(345.45±41.27) vs (379.72±44.34) ms, P<0.05], and the P300 amplitude was significantly higher than that in control group [(10.69±3.28) vs (7.55±2.84) μV, P<0.05]. After treatment, the level of serum BDNF in the two groups was enhanced compared with that before treatment while the levels of APP and Hcy were reduced (all P<0.05), and the level of serum BDNF in observation group was significantly higher than that in control group while the levels of APP and Hcy were significantly lower (all P<0.05). After treatment, the NAA/Cr values of the left and right sides of the two groups were higher while the Cho/Cr values were lower than those before treatment (all P<0.05), and the NAA/Cr values of the left and right sides in observation group were significantly higher than those in control group (both P<0.05).

Conclusions

Multiple-modular 3D-VR technology combined with rTMS therapy can effectively improve the cognitive function, memory function and ability of daily living in patients with post-stroke cognitive impairment. And its mechanism may be related to the improvement of auditory event evoked potential P300 and the regulations of serum BDNF, APP and Hcy metabolisms and hippocampal brain tissue metabolism.

表1 2组脑卒中后认知功能障碍患者基线资料比较
表2 2组脑卒中后认知功能障碍患者治疗前后MoCA、RBMT-Ⅱ、MBI评分比较(分,
xˉ
±s
表3 2组脑卒中后认知功能障碍患者治疗前后P300潜伏期、波幅比较(
xˉ
±s
表4 2组脑卒中后认知功能障碍患者治疗前后血清BDNF、APP、Hcy水平比较(
xˉ
±s
表5 2组脑卒中后认知功能障碍患者治疗前后左右两侧海马MRS代谢物比较(
xˉ
±s
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