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中华临床医师杂志(电子版) ›› 2024, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (07) : 647 -653. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-0785.2024.07.006

临床研究

保留左结肠动脉的肠系膜下动脉根部淋巴结清扫对腹腔镜直肠癌根治术的疗效影响
刘福成1, 赵欣1, 乔海朋1, 刘晓峰1, 张翀2,3, 张宗明2,3,()   
  1. 1.100071 北京,北京丰台医院普外科
    2.100073 北京,国家电网公司北京电力医院普外科
    3.100073 北京,中国通用技术集团老年医学(肝胆)重点实验室
  • 收稿日期:2024-05-19 出版日期:2024-07-15
  • 通信作者: 张宗明
  • 基金资助:
    北京丰台医院科研项目(2022-18)北京市科技重大专项生物医药与生命科学创新培育研究(Z171100000417056)国中康健集团科技项目(GZKJ-KJXX-QTHT-20230626)

Effect of left colic artery-preserving lymph node dissection at the root of the inferior mesenteric artery

Fucheng Liu1, Xin Zhao1, Haipeng Qiao1, Xiaofeng Liu1, Chong Zhang2,3, Zongming Zhang2,3,()   

  1. 1.Department of General Surgery, Beijing Fengtai Hospital, Beijing 100071, China
    2.Department of General Surgery, Beijing Electric Power Hospital, State Grid Corporation, Beijing 100073, China
    3.Key Laboratory of Gerontology (Hepatobiliary), China General Technology Group, Beijing 100073, China
  • Received:2024-05-19 Published:2024-07-15
  • Corresponding author: Zongming Zhang
引用本文:

刘福成, 赵欣, 乔海朋, 刘晓峰, 张翀, 张宗明. 保留左结肠动脉的肠系膜下动脉根部淋巴结清扫对腹腔镜直肠癌根治术的疗效影响[J]. 中华临床医师杂志(电子版), 2024, 18(07): 647-653.

Fucheng Liu, Xin Zhao, Haipeng Qiao, Xiaofeng Liu, Chong Zhang, Zongming Zhang. Effect of left colic artery-preserving lymph node dissection at the root of the inferior mesenteric artery[J]. Chinese Journal of Clinicians(Electronic Edition), 2024, 18(07): 647-653.

目的

探讨保留左结肠动脉(LCA)的肠系膜下动脉(IMA)根部淋巴结清扫对腹腔镜直肠癌根治术的疗效影响。

方法

回顾性分析2017 年2 月至2019 年2 月北京丰台医院普通外科行腹腔镜直肠癌根治术患者的临床资料,根据IMA 结扎位置分为高位结扎组(H组,IMA 根部结扎)23 例和低位结扎组(L组,保留LCA)74 例,比较2组患者的手术效果(手术时间、术中出血量、淋巴结清扫数量、淋巴结转移数量、术后住院时间、术后肠功能恢复时间)、术后并发症、术后2 年复发率和5 年生存率。

结果

术前TNM 分期2组患者无统计学差别,手术效果除术后肠功能恢复时间L组短于H组(P<0.05)外其余无统计学差别,术后吻合口漏、排尿功能障碍L组低于H组(P<0.05),术后2 年复发率和5 年生存率2组无统计学差别。

结论

保留LCA 的IMA 根部淋巴结清扫,在不影响腹腔镜直肠癌根治术疗效情况下,不仅可以缩短术后肠功能恢复时间,而且可以减少术后吻合口漏、排尿功能障碍并发症,值得推广应用。

Objective

To investigate the effect of left colic artery (LCA)-preserving lymph node dissection at the root of the inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) on the efficacy of laparoscopic radical resection of rectal cancer.

Methods

Clinical data of patients undergoing laparoscopic radical resection for rectal cancer at the Department of General Surgery of Beijing Fengtai Hospital from February 2017 to February 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the location where the IMA was ligated, 23 cases were included in a high ligation group (Group H, IMA root ligation) and 74 were included in a low ligation group(group L, LCA preserved). Operation parameters (operation time, intraoperative blood loss, number of lymph nodes dissected, number of metastatic lymph nodes, postoperative hospital stay, and time to postoperative intestinal function recovery), postoperative complications, and postoperative 2-year recurrence rate and 5-year survival rate were compared between the two groups.

Results

There was no statistical difference between the two groups in preoperative TNM stage. The time to postoperative intestinal function recovery was shorter in group L than in group H (P<0.05), but there was no statistical difference in the rest operation parameters. The incidence of postoperative anastomotic leakage and urinary dysfunction in group L was lower than that of group H (P<0.05). The postoperative 2-year recurrence rate and 5-year survival rate were not statistically different between the two groups.

Conclusion

LCA-preserving lymph node dissection at the root of the IMA can not only shorten the time to postoperative intestinal function recovery but also reduce the incidence of postoperative anastomotic leakage and urinary dysfunction without affecting the curative effect of laparoscopic radical resection for rectal cancer .

图1 腹腔镜直肠癌根治术中肠系膜下动脉结扎位置示意图。图a 为低位结扎,保留结肠动脉;图b 为高位结扎,肠系膜下动脉根部结扎
图2 腹腔镜直肠癌根治术中肠系膜下动脉两种不同结扎部位术中照片。图a~c 为肠系膜下动脉高位(根部)结扎;图d~f为保留左结肠动脉的肠系膜下动脉低位结扎 注:红色箭头为肠系膜下动脉根部;蓝色箭头为左结肠动脉;绿色箭头为分出左结肠动脉后之肠系膜下动脉;绿色系吲哚菁绿染色显像
图3 61 岁中低位直肠癌患者保留LCA 的腹腔镜直肠癌根治术中照片。图a 为直肠癌侵犯腹膜返折(红色箭头);图b 为保留左结肠动脉(红色箭头)离断肠系膜下动脉(绿色箭头);图c 为以神经为导向游离直肠后间隙(绿色箭头);图d为直肠前间隙游离过程中切除部分Denonvillier 筋膜(黄色椭圆区域),暴露精囊腺(绿色箭头);图e 为肿瘤远端2 cm裸化直肠系膜,应用电动腔镜切割吻合器离断直肠(黄色箭头);图f 将29 号圆形吻合器置入直肠,检查直肠残端(绿色箭头)无活动性出血,系膜裸化完全;图g 为圆形吻合器钉砧(黄色箭头)自直肠残端后壁戳出,直肠与盆底肌(红色箭头)完全游离;图h 为直肠乙状结肠行端端吻合(红色箭头);图i 为术后病理可见D253组淋巴结(黄色椭圆区域)及直肠癌整块切除,直肠背侧系膜(绿色箭头)光滑完整
表1 2组患者术前临床资料比较
表2 2组患者手术效果及淋巴结清扫比较
表3 2组患者术后并发症比较[例(%)]
表4 2组患者术后2 年复发情况
图4 4组患者5 年生存率及无瘤生存率比较。图a 为总体5 年生存率;图b 为5 年无瘤生存率
图5 2组患者术中发现淋巴结阳性病例的5 年生存率及无瘤生存率比较。图a 为5 年生存率;图b 为5 年无瘤生存率
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