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中华临床医师杂志(电子版) ›› 2024, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (10) : 881 -887. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-0785.2024.10.001

腹膜后肿瘤·临床研究

老年腹膜后肿瘤患者的麻醉管理要点与预后分析
蔡俊刚1, 刘鲲鹏1,(), 姚兰1, 张华2, 索利斌1, 王军1, 李红培1, 魏越1, 苗成利3, 陈骏4, 罗成华4   
  1. 1.102206 北京,北京大学国际医院麻醉科
    2.100191 北京,北京大学第三医院临床流行病学研究中心
    3.102206 北京,北京大学国际医院腹膜后肿瘤外科
    4.100044 北京,北京大学人民医院腹膜后肿瘤外科
  • 收稿日期:2024-07-16 出版日期:2024-10-15
  • 通信作者: 刘鲲鹏
  • 基金资助:
    北京大学国际医院院内重点课题(YN2023ZD04)

Key points of anesthesia management and influencing factors of postoperative complications in elderly patients with retroperitoneal tumors

Jungang1 Cai1, Kunpeng Liu1,(), Lan Yao1, Hua Zhang2, Libin Suo1, Jun Wang1, Hongpei Li1, Yue Wei1, chengli Miao3, Jun Chen4, Chenghua Luo4   

  1. 1.Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University International Hosptial, Beijing 102206,China
    2.Clinical Epidemiology Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
    3.Department of Retroperitoneal Tumor Surgery, Peking University International Hosptial, Beijing 102206,China
    4.Department of Retroperitoneal Tumor Surgery, Peking University People’s Hosptial, Beijing 100044, China
  • Received:2024-07-16 Published:2024-10-15
  • Corresponding author: Kunpeng Liu
引用本文:

蔡俊刚, 刘鲲鹏, 姚兰, 张华, 索利斌, 王军, 李红培, 魏越, 苗成利, 陈骏, 罗成华. 老年腹膜后肿瘤患者的麻醉管理要点与预后分析[J/OL]. 中华临床医师杂志(电子版), 2024, 18(10): 881-887.

Jungang1 Cai, Kunpeng Liu, Lan Yao, Hua Zhang, Libin Suo, Jun Wang, Hongpei Li, Yue Wei, chengli Miao, Jun Chen, Chenghua Luo. Key points of anesthesia management and influencing factors of postoperative complications in elderly patients with retroperitoneal tumors[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Clinicians(Electronic Edition), 2024, 18(10): 881-887.

目的

总结并分析老年患者腹膜后肿瘤切除术的麻醉管理要点及对患者预后的影响,为此类患者的围术期管理提供参考。

方法

回顾自2015 年1 月至2022 年12 月收治于北京大学国际医院、在全身麻醉下实施腹膜后肿瘤切除术、年龄≥65 岁的老年患者麻醉管理情况,并对住院总时长、术后住院时长和术后并发症的影响因素进行分析。

结果

共计248 例患者纳入本研究,男性136 例,女性112 例,平均年龄(69.7±4.4)岁,术前ASA 分级Ⅱ级134 例,III 级106 例,IV 级8 例。接受≥2 次手术患者129 例(52.0%),手术和麻醉时长分别为(287.2±132.0)min 和(362.9±135.9)min。术中采用目标导向液体治疗方案,根据输血指征补充血制品。术毕198 例(79.8%)患者拔管回病房,50 例(20.2%)患者入ICU 继续治疗。患者的住院总时长(38.0±21.9)d,术后住院时长(26.5±20.7)d,多重线性回归分析显示住院总时长和术后住院时长与术中应用凝血酶原复合物及术毕血糖水平呈正相关。术后出现严重并发症(Clavien-Dindo 分级≥3a)44 例,logistic 回归分析显示男性、术中输注人工胶体液、术毕乳酸水平是术后严重并发症的独立危险因素;死亡4 例,死亡原因为感染中毒性休克、失血性休克和多器官功能衰竭。

结论

老年患者行腹膜后肿瘤切除手术需要完善的术前准备和更加精准的麻醉管理,术中避免输注人工胶体液,谨慎输注凝血酶原复合物,重点关注男性患者、术毕血糖和乳酸水平,围术期针对性处理有助于改善患者预后。

Objective

To summarize and analyze the key points of anesthesia management for elderly patients undergoing retroperitoneal tumor resection and its impact on patient prognosis, with an aim to provide reference for perioperative management of such patients.

Methods

This study retrospectively analyzed the anesthesia management of elderly patients (aged≥65 years) who underwent retroperitoneal tumor resection under general anesthesia at Peking University International Hospital from January 2015 to December 2022, and identified the influencing factors of total length of stay, postoperative hospitalization duration, and postoperative complication classification.

Results

A total of 248 patients were included in this study, including 136 males and 112 females with an average age of (69.7±4.4) years.Preoperative ASA classification was 134 cases of grade II, 106 cases of grade III, and 8 cases of grade IV.One hundred and twenty-nine patients (52.0%) had two or more surgeries, with the duration of surgery and anesthesia being(287.2±132.0) minutes and (362.9±135.9) minutes, respectively.Goal-directed fluid therapy was used during surgery, and blood products were supplemented according to the indications for blood transfusion.After surgery, 198 patients (79.8%) were extubated and returned to ordinary ward, while 50 patients (20.2%)were admitted to the intensive care unit for further treatment.The mean total length of stay was (38.0±21.9)days, and the mean length of postoperative hospitalization was (26.5±20.7) days.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the length of hospitalization and postoperative hospitalization were positively correlated with the use of prothrombin complex concentrate during surgery and the level of blood glucose at the end of surgery.There were 44 cases of severe complications (Clavien-Dindo grade≥3a) after surgery, Logistic regression analysis showed that male gender, intraoperative infusion of artificial colloid solution, and postoperative lactate level were independent risk factors for severe postoperative complications; Four deaths occurred due to septic shock, hemorrhagic shock, and multiple organ failure.

Conclusion

For elderly patients undergoing retroperitoneal tumor resection, comprehensive preoperative preparation and more precise anesthesia management are required.During the operation, surgeons should avoid the infusion of artificial colloidal fluids, carefully administer prothrombin complex concentrate, and monitor male patients, blood glucose, and lactate levels after surgery.Targeted treatment can help improve patient prognosis.

表1 患者的基本情况(n=248)
表2 术中补液和预后情况
表3 围术期血气分析和生化检查结果
表4 住院总时长和术后住院时长多因素分析
表5 术后严重并发症的多因素分析
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