分析关节镜下腘绳肌腱重建与人工韧带重建治疗膝关节前交叉韧带（ACL）损伤的临床疗效，比较2种术式对患者运动水平及关节功能恢复的影响，为临床术式选择提供参考依据。

回顾性选取2023年6月~2025年6月在河北省人民医院骨科接受关节镜下ACL重建术的80例患者作为研究对象，根据手术所用的移植物类型分为自体肌腱组（43例）和人工韧带组（37例）。比较2组患者术前、术后8周、3个月及6个月膝关节功能[Lysholm评分、国际膝关节文献委员会（IKDC）评分]，并比较2组重返运动时间、上述时间点运动水平（Tegner膝关节活动量表），及术后9个月并发症发生情况。

术后8周、3个月及6个月，2组Lysholm、IKDC评分均高于术前，组内比较差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.001），重复测量的方差分析显示2组时间主效应差异均具有统计学意义（Lysholm：F=1548.57，P＜0.001；IKDC：F=3394.49，P＜0.001），组间主效应均无统计学意义（Lysholm：F=0.904，P=0.345；IKDC：F=1.22，P=0.273），2组均存在显著的时间与组间交互效应（Lysholm：F=14.72，P＜0.001；IKDC：F=4.98，P=0.003），各时间点2组间Lysholm与IKDC评分比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）；人工韧带组重返运动时间短于自体肌腱组（P＜0.05）；术后8周、3个月及6个月，2组Tegner评分较术前均明显升高（P＜0.001），且术后各时间点人工韧带组评分均显著高于自体肌腱组（P＜0.05）；自体肌腱组与人工韧带组并发症比较，差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。

关节镜下腘绳肌腱与人工韧带重建治疗ACL损伤均能有效改善患者的膝关节功能，且安全性相当；但人工韧带重建术后早期关节功能的恢复更快、重返运动时间更短，更适合对运动恢复有较高需求的中青年患者。

To compare the clinical efficacy of arthroscopic hamstring tendon reconstruction versus artificial ligament reconstruction in the treatment of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries by evaluating sports performance and joint functional recovery to inform clinical decision-making.

A retrospective analysis was conducted on 80 patients who underwent arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction at our institution between June 2023 and June 2025. Based on the type of graft used, the patients were divided into two groups: an autograft group (n=43) and an artificial ligament group (n=37). Knee function was assessed preoperatively and at 8 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months postoperatively using the Lysholm score and the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score. Additionally, the time to return to sports, the activity level at the aforementioned time points (measured by the Tegner Activity Scale), and the incidence of complications at 9 months postoperatively were compared between the two groups.

At eight weeks, three months, and six months postoperatively, the Lysholm and IKDC scores of both groups were significantly higher than the preoperative values (P＜0.001). Repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed a statistically significant main effect of time in both groups (Lysholm: F=1548.57, P＜0.001; IKDC: F=3394.49, P＜0.001), while no statistically significant main effect of group was found (Lysholm: F=0.904, P=0.345; IKDC: F=1.22, P=0.273). A significant time-by-group interaction effect was present in both groups (Lysholm: F=14.72, P＜0.001; IKDC: F=4.98, P=0.003). However, there were no statistically significant differences in Lysholm and IKDC scores between the two groups at each individual time point (P＞0.05). The time to return to sports was shorter in the artificial ligament group than in the autologous tendon group (P＜0.05). At eight weeks, three months, and six months postoperatively, the Tegner scores of both groups were significantly higher than the preoperative scores (P＜0.001), and the scores of the artificial ligament group were significantly higher than those of the autologous tendon group at each postoperative time point (P＜0.05). No statistically significant difference was noted in the complication rates between the two groups (P＞0.05).

Both arthroscopic hamstring tendon reconstruction and artificial ligament reconstruction can effectively improve knee joint function in patients with ACL injuries and demonstrate comparable safety profiles. However, artificial ligament reconstruction is associated with faster recovery of joint function and a shorter time to return to sports in the early postoperative period, making it a more suitable option for young and middle-aged patients with high demands for rapid rehabilitation and sports resumption.