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中华临床医师杂志(电子版) ›› 2026, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (05) : 346 -350. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-0785.2026.05.002

临床研究

高原肺水肿患者主肺动脉-升主动脉直径比的动态变化及其临床意义
张强, 刘媚, 牛娟琴, 陈纲, 岳丽娜, 闫育喜, 贾鹏举, 黄永华, 刘康()   
  1. 730050 甘肃兰州,联勤保障部队第940医院放射诊断科
  • 收稿日期:2026-05-19 出版日期:2026-05-30
  • 通信作者: 刘康
  • 基金资助:
    甘肃省卫生健康行业科研项目(GSWSKY2025-29); 联勤保障部队第九四〇医院高层次人才培养工程(2024-G3-6)

Dynamic changes in main pulmonary artery-to-ascending aorta diameter ratio in patients with high-altitude pulmonary edema: clinical implications

Qiang Zhang, Mei Liu, Juanqin Niu, Gang Chen, Lina Yue, Yuxi Yan, Pengju Jia, Yonghua Huang, Kang Liu()   

  1. Department of Radiology, 940th Hospital of the Joint Logistic Support Force, Lanzhou 730050, China
  • Received:2026-05-19 Published:2026-05-30
  • Corresponding author: Kang Liu
引用本文:

张强, 刘媚, 牛娟琴, 陈纲, 岳丽娜, 闫育喜, 贾鹏举, 黄永华, 刘康. 高原肺水肿患者主肺动脉-升主动脉直径比的动态变化及其临床意义[J/OL]. 中华临床医师杂志(电子版), 2026, 20(05): 346-350.

Qiang Zhang, Mei Liu, Juanqin Niu, Gang Chen, Lina Yue, Yuxi Yan, Pengju Jia, Yonghua Huang, Kang Liu. Dynamic changes in main pulmonary artery-to-ascending aorta diameter ratio in patients with high-altitude pulmonary edema: clinical implications[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Clinicians(Electronic Edition), 2026, 20(05): 346-350.

目的

探讨多层螺旋CT测量主肺动脉-升主动脉直径比对高原肺水肿的无创评估价值及其临床意义。

方法

回顾性分析2022年12月~2025年6月某医疗所收治的经临床确诊的69例HAPE患者治疗前后的胸部CT和临床资料,选取69例一般资料相匹配的健康体检者作为对照组。在CT轴位纵隔窗图像上分别测量HAPE组治疗前、治疗后及对照组的主肺动脉最大直径、升主动脉直径,计算MPA/AOr,比较该比值在HAPE组治疗前后的变化及与对照组的差异,同时分析HAPE患者治疗前该比值与动脉血氧饱和度及住院时长的相关性。

结果

HAPE组治疗前MPA/AOr为(1.20±0.10),治疗后降至(1.01±0.09),对照组MPA/AOr为(0.98±0.13)。HAPE组治疗前MPA/AOr显著高于治疗后(t=19.33,P<0.01)和对照组(t=11.48,P<0.01);HAPE组治疗后MPA/AOr与对照组无显著差异(t=1.84,P>0.05);HAPE患者治疗前MPA/AOr与SpO2呈显著负相关(r=-0.55,P<0.01),与住院日呈显著正相关(r=0.71,P<0.01)。

结论

HAPE患者发病时肺动脉压明显增高,经有效治疗后肺动脉压可恢复至接近正常水平;治疗前MPA/AOr越高,患者SpO2越低、住院日越长。经CT测量的MPA/AOr能够客观反映HAPE患者治疗前后肺动脉压的动态变化,可作为无创评估HAPE严重程度和治疗效果的影像学指标。

Objective

To investigate the non-invasive diagnostic value and clinical significance of the main pulmonary artery to ascending aorta diameter ratio (MPA/AOr) measured by multi-slice spiral CT in patients with high-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE).

Methods

This retrospective study included 69 patients with clinically diagnosed HAPE who were admitted to a medical center between December 2022 and June 2025. Chest CT images and clinical data were collected for each patient both before and after treatment. Another 69 healthy subjects matched for general clinical characteristics were selected as the control group. The maximum diameter of the main pulmonary artery and the diameter of the ascending aorta were measured on axial mediastinal-window CT images for all subjects, and the MPA/AOr was calculated. Changes in MPA/AOr in the HAPE group before and after treatment were compared, as well as differences between the HAPE group and the control group at each time point. Correlations of pre-treatment MPA/AOr with arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2) and length of hospital stay were also examined.

Results

The mean MPA/AOr in the HAPE group before treatment was 1.20±0.10, which decreased significantly to 1.01±0.09 after treatment, compared with 0.98±0.13 in the control group. Pre-treatment MPA/AOr was significantly higher than both the post-treatment value (t=19.33, P<0.01) and that of the control group (t=11.48, P<0.01). No statistically significant difference was observed in MPA/AOr between the post-treatment HAPE group and the control group (t=1.84, P>0.05). Pre-treatment MPA/AOr in HAPE patients was significantly negatively correlated with SpO2 (r=-0.55, P<0.01) and positively correlated with length of hospital stay (r=0.71, P<0.01).

Conclusion

Pulmonary artery pressure is significantly elevated in HAPE patients at disease onset and returns to near-normal levels after effective treatment. A higher pre-treatment MPA/AOr is independently associated with more severe hypoxemia and a longer hospital stay. CT-derived MPA/AOr can objectively reflect dynamic changes in pulmonary artery pressure in HAPE patients throughout the treatment course, and thus may serve as a reliable non-invasive imaging biomarker for evaluating both disease severity and therapeutic efficacy in HAPE.

图1 HAPE患者治疗前后胸部CT图。图a为HAPE患者治疗前肺窗示双肺多发斑片、结节状磨玻璃影及实变影,边界模糊;图b为HAPE患者治疗前纵隔窗示MPA/AOr为1.26;图c为该患者治疗后肺窗示肺部渗出完全吸收;图d为该患者治疗后纵隔窗示MPA/AOr降至1.16 注:HAPE为高原肺水肿;MPA/AOr为主肺动脉/升主动脉直径比
表1 HAPE组与健康对照组一般资料
表2 HAPE组治疗前后及HC组MPA/AOr对比
图2 HAPE组治疗前MPA/AOr与SpO2相关图 注:HAPE为高原肺水肿;HC为健康对照;MPA/AOr为主肺动脉-升主动脉直径比;SpO2为血氧饱和度
图3 HAPE组治疗前MPA/AOr与住院日相关图
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