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中华临床医师杂志(电子版) ›› 2021, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (02) : 87 -94. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-0785.2021.02.002

所属专题: 文献

临床研究

血小板参数与极低出生体重儿严重并发症和住院时长的相关性
陈瑛1, 张迪1, 王晓颖1, 彭晓艳2, 韩同英1, 陈亮1, 贾盛华1, 李莉1,()   
  1. 1. 100020 北京,首都儿科研究所附属儿童医院新生儿科
    2. 100020 北京,首都儿科研究所附属儿童医院肾脏内科
  • 收稿日期:2020-07-29 出版日期:2021-02-15
  • 通信作者: 李莉
  • 基金资助:
    首都儿科研究所所级基金(LCPY-2021-15)

Platelet parameters are associated with severe complications and length of hospital stay in very low birth weight infants

Ying Chen1, Di Zhang1, Xiaoying Wang1, Xiaoyan Peng2, Tongying Han1, Liang Chen1, Shenghua Jia1, Li Li1,()   

  1. 1. Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
    2. Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
  • Received:2020-07-29 Published:2021-02-15
  • Corresponding author: Li Li
引用本文:

陈瑛, 张迪, 王晓颖, 彭晓艳, 韩同英, 陈亮, 贾盛华, 李莉. 血小板参数与极低出生体重儿严重并发症和住院时长的相关性[J]. 中华临床医师杂志(电子版), 2021, 15(02): 87-94.

Ying Chen, Di Zhang, Xiaoying Wang, Xiaoyan Peng, Tongying Han, Liang Chen, Shenghua Jia, Li Li. Platelet parameters are associated with severe complications and length of hospital stay in very low birth weight infants[J]. Chinese Journal of Clinicians(Electronic Edition), 2021, 15(02): 87-94.

目的

研究极低出生体重儿的血小板参数与早产儿严重并发症和住院时间的相关性,探讨血小板参数是否有助于反映早产儿严重合并症的发生和预测住院时间。

方法

回顾性分析2016年1月至2020年6月于首都儿科研究所附属儿童医院新生儿内科住院的极低出生体重儿的一般情况、临床特征及生后第1天的血小板参数[血小板(PLT)、血小板平均体积(MPV)、血小板分布宽度(PDW)及血小板质量指数(PMI)]。分别将合并脑室内出血(IVH)、支气管肺发育不良(BPD)、坏死性小肠结肠炎(NEC)3种疾病的患儿按疾病不同程度、出院时矫正胎龄分组,比较其临床特征及血小板参数的水平差异。采用多因素Logistic回归分析血小板参数与这3种疾病的相关性,采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线研究其对早产儿中严重并发症和住院时长的预测价值。

结果

共纳入177例极低出生体重儿,其中,中重度IVH、中重度BPD和中重度NEC的发生率分别为8.5%、22.0%和5.1%。(1)中重度IVH组的PMI较非中重度IVH组显著降低,且PMI是极低出生体重儿发生中重度IVH的独立危险因素(OR=0.008,95%CI:0.000~0.255,P=0.021),PMI预测中重度IVH的曲线下面积(AUC)为0.825(95%CI:0.744~0.905,P<0.001),最佳截点为1.77 fl/nl。(2)中重度BPD组MPV较非中重度BPD组显著升高,且MPV是极低出生体重儿发生中重度BPD的独立危险因素(OR=3.613,95%CI:1.840~7.095,P<0.001),MPV预测发生中重度BPD的AUC为0.784(95%CI:0.704~0.865,P<0.001),最佳截点为11.05 fl。(3)住院时间长组的MPV高于住院时间短组,调整胎龄、小于胎龄儿、母亲妊娠期高血压、母亲妊娠期HELLP综合征、胎膜早破、中重度BPD、中重度NEC等因素后,MPV升高是住院时间长的独立危险因素(OR=2.052,95%CI:1.307~3.221,P=0.002),预测住院时间长的AUC为0.656(95%CI:0.548~0.763,P=0.002),截点取11.35 fl时,敏感度为54%,特异度为82%。

结论

生后第1天的血小板参数与早产儿严重合并症和住院时长有关,其中PMI与中重度IVH相关,MPV与中重度BPD、住院时长相关,监测生后第1天血小板参数对预后评估可能存在一定价值。

Objective

To investigate the correlation between platelet parameters of very low birth weight infants and severe complications and length of hospital stay in premature infants, and to explore whether platelet parameters are helpful to reflect the occurrence of severe complications in premature infants and predict the length of hospital stay.

Methods

General conditions, clinical characteristics, and platelet parameters [platelet (PLT), platelet mean volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), and platelet quality index (PMI)] on the first day of after birth of very low birth weight infants admitted to the Neonatal Department of Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Institute of Pediatrics from January 2016 to June 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Children with intracerebral hemorrhage (IVH), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) were grouped by different degree of disease and correct gestational age at discharge grouping, the clinical features and platelet parameters were compared. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the correlation between platelet parameters and these 3 diseases, and the ROC curve was used to study its predictive value for moderate to severe complications and length of hospital stay in premature infants.

Results

A total of 177 children with very low birth weight were included, the incidence of moderate to severe IVH, moderate to severe BPD and moderate to severe NEC respectively were 8.5%, 22.0%, 5.1%. (1) PMI of the moderate and severe IVH group was significantly lower than that of the non-moderate and severe IVH group, and PMI was an independent risk factor for developing moderate to severe IVH in children with very low birth weight (OR=0.008, 95%CI: 0.000-0.255, P=0.021). The AUC predicted by PMI was 0.825 (95%CI: 0.744-0.905, P<0.001), and the optimal cut-off point was 1.77 fl/nl. (2) MPV of moderate and severe BPD group was significantly higher than that of non-moderate and severe BPD group, which was an independent risk factor for the occurrence of moderate and severe BPD (OR=3.613, 95%CI: 1.840-7.095, P<0.001). The AUC predicted by MPV was 0.784 (95%CI: 0.704-0.865, P<0.001), and the optimal cut-off point was 11.05 fl. (3) MPV of group with long hospital stay was higher than group with short hospital stay, after adjusting for multiple factors, such as gestational age, mother gestational hypertension, gestational HELLP syndrome, premature rupture of membranes, moderate and severe BPD, moderate and severe NEC, higher MPV was an independent risk factor for long hospital stay (OR=2.052, 95%CI: 1.307-3.221, P=0.002). The AUC of long hospital stay predicted by MPV was 0.656 (95%CI: 0.548-0.763, P=0.002). The sensitivity was 54% and specificity was 82%, when the cut-off point was 11.35 fl.

Conclusion

Platelet parameters on the first day after birth are associated with severe complications and length of hospital stay in premature infants. PMI was associated with moderate to severe IVH, MPV was associated with moderate to severe BPD and length of hospital stay. Monitoring platelet parameters on the first day after birth may be of certain value for prognosis assessment.

表1 非中重度IVH组与中重度IVH组极低出生体重儿临床特征及血小板参数比较
表2 非中重度BPD组及中重度BPD组极低出生体重儿临床特征及血小板参数比较
表3 不同住院时间组极低出生体重儿临床特点及血小板参数比较
项目 住院时间短组(134例) 住院时间长组(43例) 统计值 P
男性[例(%)] 60(44.8) 18(41.9) χ2=1.112 0.860
胎龄[周,MQ1Q3)] 30(28,31) 30(29,33) Z=-2.284 0.022
出生体重[g,MQ1Q3)] 1380(1147,1452) 1285(1050,1440) Z=-1.332 0.183
剖腹产[例(%)] 89(66.4) 34(79.1) χ2=2.458 1.131
SGA[例(%)] 9(6.7) 12(27.9) χ2=13.979 0.001
1 min Apgar 评分[分,MQ1Q3)] 9(8,9) 8(7,9) t=-1.523 0.128
5 min Apgar 评分[分,MQ1Q3)] 9(9,10) 9(9,10) t=-0.701 0.483
产前类固醇[例(%)] 116(86.6) 36(83.7) χ2=0.217 0.622
气管插管[例(%)] 103(76.9) 31(72.1) χ2=0.403 0.544
母亲PIH[例(%)] 42(31.3) 21(48.8) Z=4.346 0.045
母亲GDM[例(%)] 25(18.7) 9(20.9) χ2=0.108 0.824
HELLP综合征[例(%)] 44(32.8) 6(14.0) χ2=5.726 0.019
胎盘早剥[例(%)] 5(3.7) 5(11.6) χ2=3.808 0.064
PROM(≥18 h)[例(%)] 44 (32.8) 6(14.0) χ2=5.726 0.019
中重度IVH[例(%)] 12(9.0) 3(7.0) χ2=0.164 0.767
中重度BPD[例(%)] 24(18.0) 15(34.9) χ2=5.459 0.019
败血症[例(%)] 51(38.1) 23(53.5) χ2=3.185 0.074
中重度NEC[例(%)] 4(3.0) 5(11.6) χ2=4.977 0.040
PLT(×109/L,
x¯
±s
208±72 185±59 t=2.081 0.040
MPV(fl,
x¯
±s
10.47±0.87 11.20±1.27 t=-3.493 0.001
PDW(%,
x¯
±s
11.77±1.58 12.47±2.47 t=-1.737 0.088
PMI(fl/nl,
x¯
±s
2.23±0.77 2.11±0.71 t=0.947 0.347
表4 极低出生体重儿住院时间长的多因素Logistic回归分析
表5 血小板相关指数评估极低出生体重儿发生中重度IVH、中重度BPD和住院时间长的价值
图1 血小板参数预测极低出生体重儿发生中重度IVH、中重度BPD和住院时长的ROC曲线。图a为PMI预测中重度IVH的ROC曲线;图b为MPV预测中重度BPD的ROC曲线;图c为MPV预测住院时长的ROC曲线
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