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中华临床医师杂志(电子版) ›› 2021, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (08) : 631 -636. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-0785.2021.08.014

临床研究

喹硫平和奥氮平治疗痴呆器质性精神障碍的效果比较及对机体内环境指标的影响
左方舟1,(), 莫小恩2, 徐沙沙3   
  1. 1. 110033 沈阳,中国医科大学附属第四医院心理卫生精神科
    2. 110033 沈阳,中国医科大学附属第四医院消化内科
    3. 511457 广州,广州市第一人民医院精神心理科
  • 收稿日期:2021-06-15 出版日期:2021-08-15
  • 通信作者: 左方舟

Quetiapine versus olanzapine for treatment of patients with dementia related organic brain disorders: therapeutic effects and impact on internal environment indicators

Fangzhou Zuo1,(), Xiaoen Mo2, Shasha Xu3   

  1. 1. Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110000, China
    2. Department of Gastroenterology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110000, China
    3. Department of Psychiatry, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou 511457, China
  • Received:2021-06-15 Published:2021-08-15
  • Corresponding author: Fangzhou Zuo
引用本文:

左方舟, 莫小恩, 徐沙沙. 喹硫平和奥氮平治疗痴呆器质性精神障碍的效果比较及对机体内环境指标的影响[J]. 中华临床医师杂志(电子版), 2021, 15(08): 631-636.

Fangzhou Zuo, Xiaoen Mo, Shasha Xu. Quetiapine versus olanzapine for treatment of patients with dementia related organic brain disorders: therapeutic effects and impact on internal environment indicators[J]. Chinese Journal of Clinicians(Electronic Edition), 2021, 15(08): 631-636.

目的

比较喹硫平和奥氮平治疗痴呆器质性精神障碍的效果及其对机体内环境指标的影响。

方法

选取中国医科大学第四医院精神科2017年7月至2020年1月收治并确诊的器质性精神障碍患者240例,均由阿尔茨海默病性痴呆导致。采用随机数字表法分为喹硫平组和奥氮平组,各120例。奥氮平组口服奥氮平片,喹硫平组口服用喹硫平片,疗程均为6周。记录所有患者服药后6周的疗效、阳性与阴性症状量表(PANSS)评分及内环境指标,包括催乳激素、瘦素、空腹血糖(FBG)、胰岛素抵抗(IR)、三酰甘油(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、总胆固醇(TC)、pH、二氧化碳分压(PaCO2)、标准碳酸氢根(SB)、碱剩余(BE)、缓冲碱(BB)、乙酸、K+、Na+、Ca2+、Mg2+水平。记录所有患者治疗期间及治疗后6周内的不良反应情况。

结果

痊愈、显效、有效、无效患者在喹硫平组分布情况分别为4、34、74、8例,总有效率为93.33%;奥氮平组分别为6、24、84、6例,总有效率为95.00%;2组总有效率差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.303,P=0.582)。治疗前,2组患者的阳性症状、阴性症状、一般精神病理及总分差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05);治疗后,2组各项评分均较治疗前降低(P均<0.05),但组间比较差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。治疗前,2组患者各项内环境指标差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,喹硫平组内环境指标较治疗前无明显变化(P>0.05),奥氮平组催乳素、瘦素、FBG、IR、TG、LDL-C和TC水平均较治疗前明显增高(P均<0.05);与喹硫平组比,治疗后奥氮平组催乳素、瘦素、FBG、IR、TG、LDL-C和TC水平均明显增高(P均<0.05)。不良反应情况观察显示,喹硫平组出现嗜睡6例,口干4例,失眠8例,锥体外系反应4例,总不良反应发生率为18.33%;奥氮平组出现嗜睡、口干、失眠、锥体外系反应分别为4、5、6、8例,总不良反应发生率为19.17%;2组总不良反应发生率差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.274,P=0.869)。

结论

喹硫平与奥氮平治疗痴呆器质性精神障碍的疗效及不良反应相当,但喹硫平对患者的内环境影响相对较小。推荐喹硫平用于伴有基础疾病的器质性精神障碍治疗。

Objective

To compare the therapeutic effects of quetiapine and olanzapine in the treatment of patients with dementia related organic brain disorders and their impact on internal environment indicators.

Methods

A total of 240 patients with organic brain disorders caused by Alzheimer's disease who were admitted and diagnosed at the Department of Psychiatric of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University from July 2017 to January 2020 were selected. They were randomly divided into either a quetiapine group or an olanzapine group, with 120 cases in each group. Patients in the olanzapine group were given oral olanzapine orally, while those in the quetiapine group were given oral quetiapine. The course of the treatment was 6 weeks. The curative effect, positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) scores, and internal environmental indicators [prolactin, leptin, fasting blood glucose (FBG), insulin resistance (IR) triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), pH, partial pressure of carbon oxide (PaCO2), standard bicarbonate (SB), base excess (BE), buffer base (BB), acetic acid, K+, Na+, Ca2+, and Mg2+] were recorded. The adverse reactions of all patients during treatment and within 6 weeks after treatment were recorded.

Results

The numbers of patients with cure, significant improvement, improvement, and no improvement in the quetiapine group were 4, 34, 74, and 8 cases, respectively; the corresponding figures in the olanzapine group were 6, 24, 84, and 6 cases. There was no significant difference in the total effective rate between the quetiapine group and olanzapine group (93.33% vs 95.00%, respectively; χ2=0.303, P=0.582). Before treatment, there were no significant differences in the scores of positive symptoms, negative symptoms, and general psychopathology, and total score between the two groups (P>0.05 for all). After treatment, all these scores of the two groups were significantly lower than those before treatment (P<0.05 for all), but there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups (P>0.05 for all). Before treatment, the internal environment indicators had no statistically significant differences between the two groups (P>0.05). After treatment, the internal environmental indicators in the quetiapine group had no significant changes (P>0.05), but prolactin, leptin, FBG, IR, TG, LDL-C, and TC were significantly increased in the olanzapine group (P<0.05 for all). Compared with the quetiapine group, prolactin, leptin, FBG, IR, TG, LDL-C, and TC were significantly increased in the olanzapine group after treatment (P<0.05 for all). In the quetiapine group, there were 6 cases of drowsiness, 4 cases of dry mouth, 8 cases of insomnia, and 4 cases of extrapyramidal reactions; the corresponding figures in the olanzapine group were 4, 5, 6, and 8 cases. The total adverse reaction rate did not differ significantly between the quetiapine group and olanzapine group (18.33% vs 19.17%, χ2=0.274, P=0.869).

Conclusion

Quetiapine and Olanzapine have similar therapeutic effects and adverse reactions in the treatment of dementia related organic brain disorders, but quetiapine has a relatively less effect on the internal environment of patients. For organic mental disorder patients with underlying diseases, quetiapine is recommended.

表1 2组痴呆器质性精神障碍患者的一般情况比较
表2 2组痴呆器质性精神障碍患者的疗效比较
表3 2组痴呆器质性精神障碍患者治疗前后PANSS评分比较(分,
xˉ
±s
表4 2组痴呆器质性精神障碍患者治疗前后内环境指标比较(
xˉ
±s
项目 喹硫平组(120例) 奥氮平组(120例)
治疗前 治疗后 t P 治疗前 治疗后 t P
催乳素(nmol/L) 8.95±1.26 9.01±2.01 0.277 0.782 8.86±1.29 9.79±2.13a 4.091 <0.001
瘦素(mmol/L) 82.14±12.36 84.69±13.56 1.522 0.131 83.65±13.68 91.05±14.59a 4.053 <0.001
FBG(mmol/L) 5.01±0.63 5.13±0.69 1.407 0.162 5.03±0.69 5.41±0.72a 4.174 <0.001
IR 1.72±0.26 1.79±0.29 1.969 0.051 1.76±0.23 1.91±0.34a 4.003 <0.001
TG(mmol/L) 0.79±0.21 0.74±0.20 1.889 0.061 0.80±0.21 0.89±0.26a 2.950 0.004
LDL-C(mmol/L) 3.21±0.67 3.19±0.46 0.270 0.788 3.36±0.71 3.71±0.83a 3.510 0.001
HDL-C(mmol/L) 124±0.21 126±0.19 0.774 0.441 131±0.59 128±0.68 0.365 0.716
TC(mmol/L) 3.65±0.42 3.54±0.48 1.889 0.061 3.69±0.49 3.91±0.59a 3.142 0.002
pH 7.32±0.36 7.36±0.39 0.826 0.411 7.39±0.42 7.38±0.43 0.182 0.856
PaCO2(mmHg) 35.26±5.36 35.96±5.48 1.000 0.319 35.69±6.21 36.21±6.35 0.641 0.523
SB(mmol/L) 22.39±2.25 23.09±2.39 1.735 0.085 22.69±2.63 22.30±2.59 1.157 0.249
BE(mmol/L) 1.10±0.50 1.20±0.60 1.403 0.163 1.20±0.60 1.30±0.90 1.013 0.313
BB(mmol/L) 43.69±4.69 43.48±5.87 0.306 0.760 44.32±5.23 45.01±5.36 1.039 0.301
乙酸(mmol/L) 1.23±0.36 1.29±0.39 1.238 0.218 1.32±0.42 1.34±0.43 0.364 0.716
K+(mmol/L) 3.72±0.32 3.80±0.36 1.819 0.071 3.80±0.36 3.84±0.39 0.826 0.411
Na+(mmol/L) 132.50±16.10 134.90±15.20 1.187 0.237 136.20±17.50 134.80±16.90 0.630 0.530
Ca2+(mmol/L) 1.21±0.16 1.22±0.19 0.441 0.660 1.23±0.17 1.26±0.18 1.327 0.187
Mg2+(mmol/L) 0.92±0.12 0.93±0.14 0.594 0.554 0.93±0.13 0.96±0.14 1.720 0.088
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