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中华临床医师杂志(电子版) ›› 2022, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (02) : 157 -163. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-0785.2022.02.009

临床研究

发病前急性感染对成人IgA肾病患者血清及肾组织免疫球蛋白、补体水平的影响
陈开浪1,(), 林松2, 吴东明3, 苏汝开4, 陈元椿5   
  1. 1. 570208 海口,海口市人民医院肾病风湿科
    2. 570103 海口,海南医学院第一附属医院病理科
    3. 570203 海口,海南省中医院
    4. 570208 海口,海口市人民医院
    5. 571199 海口,海南省干部疗养院内一科
  • 收稿日期:2021-05-28 出版日期:2022-02-15
  • 通信作者: 陈开浪

Influence of acute infection before onset on the levels of immunoglobulins and complements in serum and renal tissue of adult patients with IgA nephropathy

Kailang Chen1,(), Song Lin2, Dongming Wu3, Rukai Su4, Yuanchun Chen5   

  1. 1. Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Haikou People's Hospital, Haikou 570208, China
    2. Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou 570103, China
    3. Department of Nephrology, Hainan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Haikou 570203, China
    4. Department of Infection, Haikou People's Hospital, Haikou 570208, China
    5. Department of General Internal Medicine, Hainan Cadre Sanatorium, Haikou 571199, China
  • Received:2021-05-28 Published:2022-02-15
  • Corresponding author: Kailang Chen
引用本文:

陈开浪, 林松, 吴东明, 苏汝开, 陈元椿. 发病前急性感染对成人IgA肾病患者血清及肾组织免疫球蛋白、补体水平的影响[J/OL]. 中华临床医师杂志(电子版), 2022, 16(02): 157-163.

Kailang Chen, Song Lin, Dongming Wu, Rukai Su, Yuanchun Chen. Influence of acute infection before onset on the levels of immunoglobulins and complements in serum and renal tissue of adult patients with IgA nephropathy[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Clinicians(Electronic Edition), 2022, 16(02): 157-163.

目的

分析发病前急性感染对成人免疫球蛋白A(IgA)肾病患者血清及肾组织免疫球蛋白(Ig)、补体(C)水平的影响,为明确感染因素在IgA肾病发生和发展的作用提供依据。

方法

选取2014年10月至2018年2月海口市人民医院风湿肾病科收治的60例发病前急性感染成人IgA肾病患者作为研究组,选取同期60例发病前未出现急性感染成人IgA肾病患者作为对照组,观察对比2组患者的一般资料、血清Ig、C水平及肾组织Ig、C沉积强度。

结果

在研究组中,43例(71.67%)患者于发病前发生急性上呼吸道感染,11例(18.33%)患者于发病前发生急性肺部感染,6例(10%)于发病前发生急性消化道感染。研究组患者的24 h尿蛋白定量、血清IgA、IgG水平分别为(2.82±1.33)g/d、(2.87±1.06)g/L、(8.14±3.04)g/L,均明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组患者肾组织的IgA、IgG、C3、C4、C1q沉积强度均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。

结论

发病前具有急性感染史的IgA肾病患者的蛋白尿症状更加严重,血清Ig水平和肾组织Ig、C沉积强度更高,其预后情况可能更差,临床医生应对此类患者给予充分重视和及时有效的干预治疗。

Objective

To analyze the influence of acute infection before onset on the levels of immunoglobulins (Igs) and complements (Cs) in serum and renal tissue of adult patients with IgA nephropathy, to provide evidence for the role of infection factors in the occurrence and progression of IgA nephropathy.

Methods

Sixty adult IgA nephropathy patients with acute infection before onset from October 2014 to February 2018 at the Department of Rheumatic Nephropathy of Haikou People's Hospital were selected as a study group, and 60 adult IgA nephropathy patients without acute infection before onset were selected as a control group. The general data, the levels of serum Igs and Cs, and the deposition intensity of Igs and Cs in renal tissue were compared between the two groups.

Results

In the study group, 43 cases (71.67%) had acute upper respiratory tract infection before onset, 11 (18.33%) had acute pulmonary infection before onset, and 6 (10%) had acute digestive tract infection before onset. The 24-hour urinary protein quantity, the levels of serum IgA and IgG of the patients in the study group were (2.82±1.33) g/d, (2.87±1.06) g/L, and (8.14±3.04) g/L, respectively, which were higher than those of the control group (P<0.05). The deposition intensity of IgA, IgG, C3, C4, and C1q in the renal tissue of the study group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0.05).

Conclusion

The proteinuria symptoms of IgA nephropathy patients with a history of acute infection before onset are more serious, the levels of serum Ig and the deposition intensity of Igs and Cs in renal tissue are higher, and the prognosis may be worse. Clinicians should give full attention and timely and effective intervention to these patients.

图1 肾脏组织的病理免疫荧光冰冻切片结果。图a为IgA(+++);图b为IgG(-);图c为IgM(-);图d为C3(+);图e为C4(-);图f为C1q(++)注:IgA为免疫球蛋白A;IgG为免疫球蛋白G;IgM为免疫球蛋白M;C3为补体3;C4为补体4;C1q为补体1q
表1 2组成人免疫球蛋白A肾病患者的一般资料比较
项目 研究组(60例) 对照组(60例) t/χ2 P
性别[例(%)] 0.307 0.580

36(60.00) 33(55.00)

24(40.00) 27(45.00)
年龄(岁,
x¯
±s
36.89±12.26 37.08±12.72 -0.083 0.918
糖尿病[例(%)] 7(11.67) 9(15.00) 0.288 0.591
高血压[例(%)] 8(13.33) 7(11.67) 0.076 0.783
SBP(mmHg,
x¯
±s
134.25±7.16 133.56±7.27 0.524 0.477
DBP(mmHg,
x¯
±s
85.16±6.28 84.72±6.63 0.373 0.629
HB(g/l,
x¯
±s
135.57±20.16 136.29±22.47 -0.185 0.817
ALB(g/l,
x¯
±s
38.92±6.12 39.72±5.67 -0.743 0.258
ALT(U/l,
x¯
±s
21.35±15.49 20.68±14.92 0.241 0.761
GOT(U/l,
x¯
±s
20.77±16.12 20.65±14.15 0.043 0.958
FBG(mmol/l,
x¯
±s
5.37±0.88 5.32±0.92 0.304 0.700
TG(mmol/l,
x¯
±s
2.26±1.45 2.23±1.87 0.098 0.905
TC(mmol/l,
x¯
±s
5.49±1.92 5.27±1.55 0.691 0.312
HDL-C(mmol/l,
x¯
±s
1.17±0.42 1.21±0.39 -0.541 0.452
LDL-C(mmol/l,
x¯
±s
3.05±1.24 2.97±1.33 0.341 0.660
BUN(mmol/l,
x¯
±s
6.55±3.68 6.41±3.76 0.206 0.795
BUA(μmol/l,
x¯
±s
376.64±105.68 371.14±109.06 0.281 0.719
Scr(μmol/l,
x¯
±s
92.78±15.27 92.24±16.03 0.189 0.815
Cys C(mg/L,
x¯
±s
1.08±0.26 1.05±0.25 0.644 0.461
24 h尿蛋白定量(g/d,
x¯
±s
2.82±1.33 2.02±1.19 3.472 0.002
eGFR(ml/min/1.73m2
x¯
±s
88.94±38.81 87.46±38.81 0.209 0.793
牛津分型[例(%)]

M0/M1

27(45.00)/33(55.00) 29(48.33)/31(51.67) 0.134 0.714

E0/E1

35(58.33)/25(41.67) 37(61.67)/23(38.33) 0.139 0.709

S0/S1

31(51.67)/29(48.33) 32(53.33)/28(46.67) 0.033 0.855

T0/T1/T2

31(51.67)/20(33.33)/9(15.00) 33(55.00)/19(31.67)/8(13.33) 0.147 0.929
表2 2组成人免疫球蛋白A肾病患者血清Ig、C水平的对比(g/l,
xˉ
±s
表3 2组成人免疫球蛋白A肾病患者肾组织Ig、C沉积强度的对比[例(%)]
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