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中华临床医师杂志(电子版) ›› 2022, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (03) : 213 -219. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-0785.2022.03.004

临床研究

传统cage-钛板与颈椎桥形锁定融合器结合颈椎前路减压融合内固定术治疗单节段脊髓型颈椎病的效果比较
刘振华1, 岑水忠1, 叶伟佳1, 李建君1, 曾炜波1, 靳安民1, 邱素均1,()   
  1. 1. 510128 广州,南方医科大学珠江医院脊柱外科
  • 收稿日期:2021-12-22 出版日期:2022-03-15
  • 通信作者: 邱素均
  • 基金资助:
    广东省自然科学基金(2018A0303130258)

Thereapeutic effects of traditional cage-titanium plate versuszero-profile anchored spacer combined with anterior cervical decompression and fusion internal fixation intreatment of single-level cervical spondylotic myelopathy

Zhenhua Liu1, Shuizhong Cen1, Weijia Ye1, Jianjun Li1, Weibo Zeng1, Anming Jin1, Sujun Qiu1,()   

  1. 1. Department of Spine Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510128, China
  • Received:2021-12-22 Published:2022-03-15
  • Corresponding author: Sujun Qiu
引用本文:

刘振华, 岑水忠, 叶伟佳, 李建君, 曾炜波, 靳安民, 邱素均. 传统cage-钛板与颈椎桥形锁定融合器结合颈椎前路减压融合内固定术治疗单节段脊髓型颈椎病的效果比较[J]. 中华临床医师杂志(电子版), 2022, 16(03): 213-219.

Zhenhua Liu, Shuizhong Cen, Weijia Ye, Jianjun Li, Weibo Zeng, Anming Jin, Sujun Qiu. Thereapeutic effects of traditional cage-titanium plate versuszero-profile anchored spacer combined with anterior cervical decompression and fusion internal fixation intreatment of single-level cervical spondylotic myelopathy[J]. Chinese Journal of Clinicians(Electronic Edition), 2022, 16(03): 213-219.

目的

比较传统cage-钛板与颈椎桥形锁定融合器(ROI-C)结合颈椎前路减压植骨融合内固定术治疗单节段脊髓型颈椎病的临床效果及并发症。

方法

选择2017年7月至2019年7月在南方医科大学珠江医院脊柱外科行颈椎前路减压植骨融合内固定术治疗的单节段脊髓型颈椎病患者共133例。根据使用的内固定材料分为cage-钛板组(69例)和ROI-C组(64例)。比较2组手术时间及术中出血量,同时进行24个月的随访。采用VAS评分、JOA评分和NDI评估患者临床症状改善情况;采用颈椎X射线摄片测量患者颈椎曲度和椎间隙高度变化;采用Bazaz评分评估患者术后吞咽困难的情况,采用kellgren标准评定邻近节段退变,并记录术中、术后并发症情况。

结果

133例患者均顺利完成24个月随访。ROI-C组手术时间明显少于cage-钛板组[(60.9±18.2)min vs(75.4±20.6)min,P<0.05],但术中出血量及平均住院时间2组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后3 d、3个月、12个月、24个月2组颈椎曲度、椎间隙高度、VAS评分、JOA评分和NDI均优于术前(P<0.05),但2组间比较,各个时间点差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。2组术后吞咽困难发生率(4.35% vs 3.13%,P>0.05)及邻近节段退变发生率(5.80% vs 4.69%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。

结论

对于单节段脊髓型颈椎病而言,应用传统cage-钛板和ROI-C融合器进行颈椎前路减压植骨融合内固定术治疗均可获得良好的临床效果。使用ROI-C融合器可缩短手术时间,但不能显著降低术后吞咽困难及邻近节段退变的发生率。

Objective

To compare the clinical effects and complications of traditional cage-titanium plate andzero-profile anchored spacer(ROI-C) combined with anterior cervical decompression and fusion internal fixation in the treatment of single-level cervical spondylotic myelopathy.

Methods

A total of 133 patients underwent anterior cervical disectomy and fusion surgery at Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical Universityfrom July 2017 to July 2019 were included in this prospective study. They were divided into either atitanium plate group (n=69) or a ROI-C group (n=64) according to the use of traditional cage combined with titanium plate or ROI-C cage during the surgery. The operative time and intraoperative blood loss were compared between the two groups. Visual analogue scale (VAS) score, Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score, and neck disability index (NDI) score were used to evaluate the improvement of clinical symptoms.Cervical curvature and intervertebral height were measured by cervical X-ray. Postoperative dysphagia was assessed by Bazaz score, adjacent segment degeneration was assessed by Kellgren's standard, and intraoperative and postoperative complications were recorded.

Results

All the 133 cases were followed for 24 months. Operation time was shorter in the ROI-C group than that in the titanium plate group [(60.9±18.2) min vs (75.4±20.6) min, P<0.05], However, there was no significant difference in intraoperative blood loss or average length of hospital stay between the two groups (P>0.05). Cervical curvature, intervertebral height, VAS score, JOA score, and NDI score were all better at 3 d, 3 months, 12 months, and 24 months after surgery than those before surgery (P<0.05), but there was no statistical significance at any time point between the two groups (P>0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative dysphagia (4.35% vs 3.13%, P>0.05) or adjacent segment degeneration (5.80% vs 4.69%, P>0.05) between the two groups.

Conclusion

For single-level cervical spondylotic myelopathy, anterior cervical decompression, bone grafting, and internal fixation with traditional cage-titanium plate and ROI-C fusion apparatus can achieve good clinical results. The use of ROI-Ccan shorten the operative time, but does not significantly reduce the incidence of postoperative dysphagia and adjacent segment degeneration.

图1 颈椎生理曲度及椎间隙高度测量示意图
表1 2组单节段脊髓型颈椎病患者一般情况比较
表2 2组单节段脊髓型颈椎病患者VAS评分、JOA评分及NDI比较(
xˉ
±s
图2 应用ROI-C融合器行颈椎前路减压融合术治疗单节段脊髓型颈椎病的典型病例。患者,女性,58岁,诊断为脊髓型颈椎病(C5/6);图a、b分别为术前正、侧位X线片,可见颈5/6椎间隙变窄;图c、d分别为术前CT矢状位片和轴位片,可见颈5/6椎间盘突出;图e、f分别为术前MR矢状位片和轴位片,可见颈5/6椎间盘突出,脊髓明显受压;图g、h分别为术后正、侧位X线片,可见颈5/6椎间隙内植入桥形锁定融合器,椎间隙高度恢复
图3 应用传统cage-钛板行颈椎前路减压融合术治疗单节段脊髓型颈椎病的典型病例。患者,男性,62岁,诊断为脊髓型颈椎病(C4/5);图a、b分别为术前正、侧位X线片,可见颈4/5椎间隙变窄;图c、d分别为术前CT矢状位片和轴位片,可见颈4/5椎间盘突出;图e、f分别为术前MR矢状位片和轴位片,可见颈4/5椎间盘突出,脊髓明显受压;图g、h分别为术后正、侧位X线片,可见颈4/5椎间隙内植入传统cage,颈4/5椎体前方及椎体内可见钛板和螺钉,椎间隙高度恢复
表3 2组单节段脊髓型颈椎病患者椎间隙高度和颈椎曲度比较(
xˉ
±s
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