分析非染色体结构维持蛋白凝缩蛋白复合体Ⅰ亚单位H（NCAPH）在肺鳞癌（LUSC）中的表达及其与临床特征、预后、免疫细浸润的关系，并预测其生物学功能。

根据癌症基因组图谱（TCGA）数据库中LUSC基因表达数据及临床信息，分析NCAPH在肿瘤组织和正常组织中的表达差异，分析NCAPH表达与LUSC临床特征的关系；并通过Kaplan-Meier法和COX回归分析NCAPH表达与LUSC患者预后的关系。通过GSEA富集分析预测NCAPH在LUSC中可能参与的信号通路。采用CIBERSORT反卷积算法分析NCAPH表达与免疫浸润的关系。

NCAPH在LUSC肿瘤组织中高表达（P＜0.05），且与年龄、性别、临床分期、肿瘤大小、淋巴结转移及远处转移相关；生存分析表明NCAPH高表达组患者比低表达组患者预后差（P＜0.05），且NCAPH表达是LUSC的独立预后因素（HR=0.522，95%CI：0.358~0.762，P＜0.001）。富集分析结果表明NCAPH主要富集一系列生物学相关的过程，如细胞周期、DNA复制等。免疫浸润分析结果显示，LUSC肿瘤组织中NCAPH的高表达与幼稚B细胞、M1样巨噬细胞、活化NK细胞、滤泡辅助性T细胞的浸润成正相关（P＜0.05），与记忆B细胞、活化树突状细胞、静息NK细胞及活化记忆CD4⁺T细胞的浸润成负相关（P＜0.05）。

NCAPH在LUSC中呈高表达状态，其高表达与LUSC患者的不良预后相关，且其表达水平与免疫浸润具有相关性。NCAPH有望成为LUSC诊断和预后相关的新标志物。

To detect the expression of non-SMC condensin I complex subunit H (NCAPH) in lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC), to explore its relationship with clinical features, prognosis, and immune fine infiltration, and to predict its biological function.

NCAPH expression differences in tumor tissues and normal tissues, and the association between NCAPH expression and LUSC clinical characteristics were examined based on the LUSC gene expression data and clinical information in the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. By using the Kaplan-Meier technique and COX regression, the association between NCAPH expression and the prognosis of LUSC patients was analyzed. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was used to identifty the potential signaling pathways involving NCAPH in LUSC. The CIBERSORT deconvolution technique was used to examine the association between NCAPH expression and immune cell infiltration.

NCAPH expression was significantly upregulated in LUSC (P＜0.05), and it was correlated with age, gender, stage, tumor size, lymph node metastasis, and distant metastasis. Survival analysis revealed that patients with high NCAPH expression had a worse prognosis than those with low expression (P＜0.05), and NCAPH expression was an independent risk factor for the prognosis of LUSC (hazard ratio=0.522, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.358-0.762, P＜0.001). GSEA enrichment analysis showed that NCAPH was mainly enriched a series of biologically related processes, such as cell cycle and DNA replication. Immuno-infiltration analysis showed that high expression of NCAPH in LUSC tumor tissues was positively correlated with the levels of naive B cells, M1 macrophages, activated NK cells, and follicular helper T cells (P＜0.05), and negatively correlated with the levels of memory B cells, activated dendritic cells, dormant NK cells, and activated CD4+ memory T cells (P＜0.05).

NCAPH is highly expressed in LUSC, and its high expression is associated with both immune infiltration and the poor prognosis of LUSC patients. NCAPH is anticipated to emerge as a potential diagnostic and prognostic marker for LUSC.