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中华临床医师杂志(电子版) ›› 2023, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (08) : 858 -864. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-0785.2023.08.003

临床研究

海南省东方市幽门螺杆菌感染现状的调查与相关危险因素分析
李达, 张大涯, 陈润祥, 张晓冬, 黄士美, 陈晨, 曾凡, 陈世锔, 白飞虎()   
  1. 570100 海南海口,海南医学院第二附属医院消化内科
  • 收稿日期:2023-01-17 出版日期:2023-08-15
  • 通信作者: 白飞虎
  • 基金资助:
    海南省临床医学中心建设项目资助(2021818); 海南省院士团队创新中心建设项目资助(2022136); 海南省卫生健康行业科研项目资助(22A200078); 海南医学院研究生创新科研课题(HYYB2022A47)

Epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of Helicobacter pylori infection in Dongfang city of Hainan province

Da Li, Daya Zhang, Runxiang Chen, Xiaodong Zhang, Shimei Huang, Chen Chen, fan Zeng, Shiju Chen, Feihu Bai()   

  1. Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570100, China
  • Received:2023-01-17 Published:2023-08-15
  • Corresponding author: Feihu Bai
引用本文:

李达, 张大涯, 陈润祥, 张晓冬, 黄士美, 陈晨, 曾凡, 陈世锔, 白飞虎. 海南省东方市幽门螺杆菌感染现状的调查与相关危险因素分析[J]. 中华临床医师杂志(电子版), 2023, 17(08): 858-864.

Da Li, Daya Zhang, Runxiang Chen, Xiaodong Zhang, Shimei Huang, Chen Chen, fan Zeng, Shiju Chen, Feihu Bai. Epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of Helicobacter pylori infection in Dongfang city of Hainan province[J]. Chinese Journal of Clinicians(Electronic Edition), 2023, 17(08): 858-864.

目的

调查海南省东方市自然人群幽门螺杆菌(H. pylori)感染的流行病学特征,并分析其相关危险因素。

方法

采用整体分层随机抽样法选取东方市四个镇共698名居民进行问卷调查和尿素14C呼气试验,计算人群感染率,完成感染相关因素的logistic回归分析。

结果

东方市人群总感染率为42.55%。基本情况的单因素分析结果显示:年龄、性别、民族、家庭人口与H. pylori感染差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),婚姻状况、居住地区与H. pylori感染差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。影响因素的单因素分析结果显示:BMI、H. pylori感染史、共用餐具、餐前洗手、家庭成员H. pylori感染史、收入、睡眠状态、进食是否规律、进食肉类的频率、有腹部症状与H. pylori感染差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),吸烟史、饮酒史、是否共床、刷牙次数、如厕后洗手习惯、胃癌家族史、教育水平、饮用水来源、工作压力、睡眠时间、是否在家就餐、动物接触情况、进食蔬菜频率、是否进食腌制食品、是否进食槟榔与H. pylori感染无关,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。危险因素的logistic回归分析结果显示:性别、民族、H. pylori感染史、共用餐具、家庭成员H. pylori感染史、睡眠状态为H. pylori感染的独立危险因素。

结论

东方市自然人群H. pylori感染率为42.55%,H. pylori感染的独立危险因素为性别、民族、共用餐具、睡眠状态。

Objective

To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection in the natural population in Dongfang City, Hainan Province.

Methods

A total of 698 residents in four towns of Dongfang City were selected by stratified random sampling method to conduct questionnaire survey and the 14C-urea breath test. The infection rate in the population was calculated. Univariate analysis was peformed to explore the potential influencing factors on H. pylori infection.

Results

The overall infection rate among the population in Dongfang City was 42.55%. Univariate analysis showed that age, gender, ethnicity, and family size were significantly associated with H. pylori infection (P<0.05), but marital status and area of residence were not associated with H. pylori infection (P>0.05). Univariate analysis also showed that BMI, history of H. pylori infection, sharing utensils, washing hands before meals, history of H. pylori infection in family members, income, sleep status, eating regularly or not, frequency of eating meat, and having abdominal symptoms were significantly associated with H. pylori infection (P<0.05), and that history of smoking, history of drinking alcohol, sharing beds, number of times of brushing teeth, washing hands after toileting, family history of gastric cancer, education level, drinking water source, work stress, sleep duration, eating at home or not, animal exposure, frequency of eating vegetables, eating pickled food or not, and eating betel nut or not were not associated with H. pylori infection (P>0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that gender, ethnicity, history of H. pylori infection, sharing utensils, history of H. pylori infection among family members, and sleep status were independent risk factors for H. pylori infection.

Conclusion

The prevalence of H. pylori infection in the natural population of Dongfang City is 42.55%, and the independent risk factors for H. pylori infection include gender, ethnicity, sharing utensils, and sleep status.

表1 东方市自然人群H. pylori感染的基本情况
表2 东方市自然人群H. pylori感染影响因素的单因素分析[例(%)]
因素 例数 阳性(297,例/%) 阴性(401,例/%) χ2 P
BMI
<18.4(过轻) 89 48(53.93) 41(46.07) 14.664 0.002
18.5~23.9(正常) 418 154(36.84) 264(63.16)
24~27.9(超重) 177 87(49.15) 90(50.85)
≥28(肥胖) 14 8(57.14) 6(40.86)
Hp感染史
636 269(42.30) 367(57.70) 0.190 0.663
62 28(45.16) 34(54.84)
吸烟史
117 48(41.03) 69(58.97) 0.134 0.759
581 249(42.86) 332(51.14)
饮酒史
187 87(46.52) 100(53.48) 1.650 0.226
511 210(41.10) 301(58.90)
共床
98 33(33.67) 65(66.33) 3.675 0.055
600 264(44.00) 336(56.00)
共用餐具
97 25(25.77) 72(74.23) 12.974 <0.001
601 272(45.26) 329(54.74)
刷牙次数
≥1次/d 263 107(40.68) 156(59.32) 0.969 0.616
2次/d 399 176(44.11) 223(55.89)
>2次/d 36 14(38.89) 22(61.11)
餐前洗手
28 18(64.29) 10(35.71) 5.604 0.018
669 279(41.70) 390(58.30)
如厕后洗手
7 4(57.14) 3(42.86) 0.616 0.340a
691 293(42.40) 398(57.60)
家庭成员Hp感染史
644 273(42.39) 371(57.61) 0.086 0.769
54 24(44.44) 30(55.56)
胃癌家族史
687 295(42.94) 392(57.05) 2.715 0.129a
11 2(18.19) 9(81.81)
收入(元)
≤5000 650 279(42.92) 371(57.08) 0.538 0.463
>5000 48 18(37.5) 30(62.5)
教育水平
小学及以下 314 131(41.72) 183(58.28)
初中 196 91(46.43) 105(53.57) 2.088 0.554
高中及中专 97 37(38.14) 60(61.86)
大学及以上 91 38(41.76) 53(58.24)
饮用水来源
自来水 651 280(43.01) 371(56.99) 1.653 0.438
纯净水 32 13(40.63) 19(59.37)
井水 15 4(26.67) 11(73.33)
工作压力大
从不 268 120(44.78) 148(55.22)
偶尔 298 123(41.28) 175(58.42) 0.919 0.821
总是 77 31(40.26) 46(59.74)
一直 55 23(41.82) 32(58.18)
睡眠时间
>9 h 90 49(54.44) 41(45.56)
7~9 h 234 100(42.74) 134(57.26) 6.840 0.077
5~7 h 319 128(40.13) 191(59.87)
<5 h 55 20(36.36) 35(63.64)
睡眠状态
欠佳 191 96(50.26) 95(49.74) 7.299 0.026
一般 382 156(40.84) 226(59.16)
良好 125 45(36.00) 80(64.00)
在家就餐
682 292(42.82) 390(57.18) 0.855 0.355
16 5(31.25) 11(68.75)
进食是否规律
564 197(34.93) 367(65.07) 69.803 <0.001
134 100(74.63) 34(25.37)
动物接触情况
从不 165 62(37.58) 103(62.42) 2.355 0.308
偶尔 406 181(44.58) 225(55.42)
家中饲养动物 127 54(42.52) 73(57.48)
每天进食蔬菜
443 188(42.43) 255(57.56) 3.313 0.191
35 14(40.00) 21(60.00)
每天进食吃肉
389 170(43.70) 219(56.30) 7.538 0.020
78 23(29.49) 55(70.51)
进食腌制食品
294 115(39.12) 179(60.88) 1.942 0.163
166 76(45.78) 90(54.22)
进食槟榔
38 17(44.74) 21(55.26) 0.163 0.686
411 170(41.36) 241(58.64)
是否有腹部不适
443 139(31.38) 304(68.62) 61.927 <0.001
255 158(61.96) 97(38.04)
表3 东方市自然人群H. pylori感染危险因素的logistic回归分析
图1 东方市自然人群H. pylori感染危险因素的logistic回归分析。变量睡眠状态参考类别为睡眠状态良好;变量共用餐具参考类别为否;变量民族参考类别为其他民族(黎族/彝族);变量性别参考类别为男性
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