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中华临床医师杂志(电子版) ›› 2023, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (12) : 1297 -1303. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-0785.2023.12.014

临床药学

血管内皮生长因子受体酪氨酸激酶抑制剂致蛋白尿风险的荟萃分析
宋建波, 韩俊伟, 周敏, 温红萍()   
  1. 030012 太原,山西省人民医院药学部
  • 收稿日期:2023-08-10 出版日期:2023-12-15
  • 通信作者: 温红萍
  • 基金资助:
    吴阶平医学基金会临床科研专项(320.6750.2021-08-11)

Risk of proteinuria associated with vascular endothelial growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors in cancer patients: a Meta-analysis

Jianbo Song, Junwei Han, Min Zhou, Hongping Wen()   

  1. Department of Pharmacy, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan 030012, China
  • Received:2023-08-10 Published:2023-12-15
  • Corresponding author: Hongping Wen
引用本文:

宋建波, 韩俊伟, 周敏, 温红萍. 血管内皮生长因子受体酪氨酸激酶抑制剂致蛋白尿风险的荟萃分析[J]. 中华临床医师杂志(电子版), 2023, 17(12): 1297-1303.

Jianbo Song, Junwei Han, Min Zhou, Hongping Wen. Risk of proteinuria associated with vascular endothelial growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors in cancer patients: a Meta-analysis[J]. Chinese Journal of Clinicians(Electronic Edition), 2023, 17(12): 1297-1303.

目的

系统评价血管内皮生长因子受体酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(VEGFR-TKI)致肿瘤患者发生蛋白尿和严重蛋白尿的风险。

方法

检索国内外有关数据库(截至2023年3月),收集VEGFR-TKI治疗肿瘤的随机对照研究,以应用VEGFR-TKI者为试验组,以应用安慰剂或其他药物(除外VEGFR-TKI)者为对照组,结局指标包含蛋白尿和严重蛋白尿发生率。采用Jadad评分量表评价纳入文献质量,采用STATA 12.0软件进行荟萃分析,结果用RR及其95%CI表示。

结果

纳入分析的文献共19篇,18篇为高质量,1篇为低质量;涉及患者5 246例,试验组3 173例,对照组2 073例。荟萃分析结果显示,试验组蛋白尿和严重蛋白尿发生率均明显高于对照组[20.74%(658/3173)比7.48%(155/2073),RR=2.54,95%CI:1.86~3.46,P<0.001;2.87%(91/3173)比0.43%(9/2073),RR=4.41,95%CI:2.47~7.89,P<0.001]。亚组分析结果显示,帕唑帕尼组蛋白尿和严重蛋白尿的发生率均明显高于对照组[11.69%(124/1061)比4.35%(39/897),RR=2.80,95%CI:1.11~7.08,P<0.05;1.79%(19/1061)比0.45%(4/897),RR=3.57,95%CI:1.25~10.25,P<0.05];阿帕替尼组、呋喹替尼组、瑞戈非尼组和安罗替尼组的蛋白尿发生率明显高于对照组[44.27%(112/253)比14.88%(25/168),RR=2.85,95%CI:1.93~4.21,P<0.001;40.41%(137/339)比23.21%(39/168),RR=1.74,95%CI:1.28~2.35,P<0.001;8.27%(55/665)比1.79%(6/335),RR=4.51,95%CI:1.97~10.34,P<0.001;27.12%(96/354)比12.00%(24/200),RR=2.16,95%CI:1.43~3.27,P<0.001];仑伐替尼组的严重蛋白尿的发生率明显高于对照组[8.97%(28/312)比0.55%(1/181),RR=11.78,95%CI:2.01~68.93,P<0.01]。

结论

肿瘤患者应用VEGFR-TKI可增加蛋白尿和严重蛋白尿的风险,尤其是临床使用帕唑帕尼和仑伐替尼时,应加强肾功能监测。

Objective

To systematically evaluate the risk of proteinuria and serious proteinuria due to vascular endothelial growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (VEGFR-TKI) in cancer patients.

Methods

Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of VEGFR-TKI in the treatment of tumors were collected by searching relevant databases at home and abroad (up to March 2023). The patients who were treated with VEGFR-TKI were enrolled into the trial group, and those who received placebo or other drugs (except for VEGFR-TKI) were enrolled into the control group. The outcomes included the incidence of proteinuria and serious proteinuria. The quality of the enrolled literature was evaluated using the Jadad scoring system. Meta-analysis was conducted with STATA 12.0 software. The results are expressed as relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI).

Results

A total of 19 RCTs involving 5 246 patients were enrolled, including 3 173 in the test group and 2 073 in the control group. Literature quality evaluation showed that 18 articles were of high quality and 1 was of low grade. Meta-analysis showed that the incidence of proteinuria and serious proteinuria in the trial group was significantly higher than that of the control group, respectively [20.74% (658/3173) vs 7.48% (155/2073), RR=2.54, 95%CI (1.86~3.46), P<0.001; 2.87% (91/3173) vs 0.43% (9/2073), RR=4.41, 95%CI (2.47~7.89), P<0.001]. Subgroup analysis showed that the incidence of proteinuria and serious proteinuria in the pazopanib group was significantly higher than that of the control group [11.69% (124/1061) vs 4.35% (39/897), RR=2.80, 95%CI (1.11~7.08), P<0.05; 1.79% (19/1061) vs 0.45% (4/897), RR=3.57, 95%CI (1.25~10.25), P<0.05]; the incidence of proteinuria in the apatinib group, fruquintinib group, regorafenib group, and anlotinib group was significantly higher than that of the control group [44.27% (112/253) vs 14.88% (25/168), RR=2.85, 95%CI (1.93~4.21), P<0.001; 40.41% (137/339) vs 23.21% (39/168), RR=1.74, 95%CI (1.28~2.35), P<0.001; 8.27% (55/665) vs 1.79% (6/335), RR=4.51, 95%CI (1.97~10.34), P<0.001; 27.12% (96/354) vs 12.00% (24/200), RR=2.16, 95%CI (1.43~3.27), P<0.001]; and the incidence of serious proteinuria in the lenvatinib group was significantly higher than that of the control group [8.97% (28/312) vs 0.55% (1/181), RR=11.78, 95%CI (2.01~68.93), P<0.01].

Conclusion

The application of VEGFR-TKI in cancer patients can increase the risk of proteinuria and serious proteinuria. When pazopanib and lenvatinib are used clinically, renal function monitoring should be strengthened.

表1 纳入血管内皮生长因子受体酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(VEGFR-TKIs)致肿瘤患者蛋白尿风险荟萃分析19项研究的基本特征和质量评价
研究 发表年份 疾病 试验组 对照组 Jadad评分
例数 治疗方案 蛋白尿[例(%)] 严重蛋白尿[例(%)] 例数 治疗方案 蛋白尿[例(%)] 严重蛋白尿[例(%)]
Li[4] 2013 GC 47 Ap 850 mg 13(27.7) 1(2.1) 48 PL 6(15.5) 0 5
Li[5] 2016 GC 176 Ap 850 mg 84(47.7) 4(2.3) 91 PL 15(16.5) 0 7
Guo[6] 2019 CC 30 Ap 850 mg+CP 15(53.6) 2(7.2) 29 CP 4(16.7) 0 3
Li [7] 2018 CRC 278 Fr 5 mg 117(42.1) 9(3.2) 138 PL 34(24.8) 0 7
Lu [8] 2018 NSCLC 61 Fr 5 mg 20(32.8) 3(4.9) 30 PL 5(16.7) 0 7
Motzer [9] 2015 RCC 51 Le 18 mg+Ev 11(21.6) 2(3.9) 50 Ev 7(14.0) 1(2.0) 5
Schlumberger[10] 2015 TC 261 Le 24 mg 84(32.2) 26(10.0) 131 PL 2(1.5) 0 7
Grothey [11] 2013 CRC 500 Re 160 mg 35(7.0) 7(1.4) 253 PL 4(1.6) 1(0.4) 7
Li [12] 2015 CRC 136 Re 160 mg 13(9.6) 2(1.5) 68 PL 1(1.5) 1(1.5) 7
Duffaud [13] 2018 OS 29 Re 160 mg 7(24.1) 0 14 PL 1(7.1) 0 7
Kang [14] 2015 HCC 133 Ax 10 mg 27(20.3) 7(5.3) 68 PL 1(1.5) 0 5
Rini [15] 2016 RCC 56 Ax 10 mg 12(21.4) 2(3.6) 56 PL 12(21.4) 0 4
Han [16] 2018 NSCLC 60 An 12 mg 11(18.3) 0 57 PL 5(8.8) 1(1.8) 6
Si [17] 2019 NSCLC 294 An 12 mg 85(28.9) 7(2.4) 143 PL 19(13.3) 1(0.7) 4
Monk[18] 2010 CC 76 Pa 800 mg+La 9(11.8) 2(2.6) 76 La 11(14.5) 1(1.3) 4
Sternberg[19] 2013 RCC 290 Pa 800 mg 30(10.3) 7(2.4) 145 PL 0(0.0) 0 4
Bois [20] 2014 OC 477 Pa 800 mg 40(8.4) 6(1.3) 461 PL 8(1.7) 2(0.4) 5
Kim [21] 2015 OC 179 Pa 800 mg 26(14.5) 4(2.2) 174 PL 4(2.3) 1(0.6) 4
Besse [22] 2017 NSCLC 39 Pa 800 mg 19(48.7) 0 41 PL 16(39.0) 0 4
图1 血管内皮生长因子受体酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(VEGFR-TKIs)致试验组与对照组肿瘤患者发生蛋白尿风险的荟萃分析森林图
图2 血管内皮生长因子受体酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(VEGFR-TKIs)致试验组与对照组肿瘤患者发生严重蛋白尿风险的荟萃分析森林图
表2 血管内皮生长因子受体酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(VEGFR-TKIs)治疗肿瘤患者试验组与对照组发生蛋白尿和严重蛋白尿风险的亚组荟萃分析结果
图3 纳入本荟萃分析的19篇研究发表偏倚分析的漏斗图
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