胸部子宫内膜异位综合征的研究进展

doi:10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-0785.2024.01.016

胸部子宫内膜异位症（TE）是指子宫内膜组织种植于肺部或者肺部周围组织，临床上相对少见，多发于30~35岁之间，发病机制包括转移种植理论、体腔上皮化生理论、淋巴和血管转移理论以及干细胞理论等。其临床表现与子宫内膜的周期性变化有关，可发生月经性气胸、月经性血胸，月经性咯血和肺部结节等临床表现，影像学表现不典型，CT可显示渗出、结节、毛玻璃浸润、薄壁空洞、肺大疱等，TE的病理学诊断以找到异位子宫内膜基质和腺体为标准，目前激素和手术为主要的治疗方式。

关键词: 胸部, 子宫内膜异位症, 研究进展

Thoracic endometriosis (TE) refers to endometrial tissue implantation in the lungs or peripheral tissues of the lungs, which is relatively rare clinically and most commonly occurs between the ages of 30-35 years old. The theories to explain the pathogenesis of TE include metastatic implantation, corpus cavernosum epithelial chemotaxis, lymphatic and vascular metastasis, stem cell theory, etc. Its clinical manifestations are related to the cyclic changes of the endometrium. Clinical manifestations such as menstrual pneumothorax, menstrual hemothorax, menstrual hemoptysis, and pulmonary nodules may occur, and imaging manifestations are atypical. CT may show exudates, nodules, hairy-glass infiltrates, thin-walled cavities, pulmonary blisters, etc. Pathologic diagnosis of TE is based on the finding of the ectopic endometrial stroma and glands, and hormonal and surgical treatments are the main therapeutic modalities currently used.

Key words: Thorax, Endometriosis, Research progress

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Progress in research of thoracic endometriosis syndrome

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