早发结直肠癌的临床特征及危险因素分析

doi:10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-0785.2024.02.014

结直肠癌作为当前全球三大恶性肿瘤之一，其发病率及死亡率均位居前列。近年来发达国家老年患者结直肠癌发病率总体呈现下降趋势，但年轻人（<50岁）发病率却不断攀升，带来了沉重的社会及经济负担。早发结直肠癌患者的发病模式与老年患者有一定区别，现阶段对其临床特点、分子遗传学特征及相关危险因素的认识仍有不足。对早发结直肠癌患者进行早期筛查、早期诊断、早期治疗具有重要的社会意义。此篇文章旨在通过分析相关文献并总结早发结直肠癌患者的流行病学特点、临床特征及危险因素等，以期提高临床对于此类患者的认识，为早发结直肠癌的预防、宣教及诊治提供一定参考。

关键词: 早发结直肠癌, 流行病学特征, 临床特点, 危险因素

Colorectal cancer is one of the three leading malignancies in the world, with high morbidity and mortality. In recent years, the morbidity of colorectal cancer in elderly patients in developed countries has generally shown a downward trend, but its incidence in young people (<50 years old) has been rising, bringing heavy social and economic burdens. The pathogenesis of early-onset colorectal cancer is different from that in elderly patients. The understanding of its clinical characteristics, molecular features, and related risk factors is still insufficient. Early screening, diagnosis, and treatment of patients with early-onset colorectal cancer have great social significance. This article aims to discuss the epidemiological characteristics, clinical characteristics, and risk factors of early-onset colorectal cancer, in order to improve clinicians’ understanding of such condition, and provide a reference for the prevention, health education, diagnosis, and treatment of early-onset colorectal cancer.

Key words: Early-onset colorectal cancer, Epidemiological characteristics, Clinical features, Risk factors

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Clinical features and risk factors of early-onset colorectal cancer

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Clinical features and risk factors of early-onset colorectal cancer