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中华临床医师杂志(电子版) ›› 2025, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (01) : 41 -47. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-0785.2025.01.007

临床研究

阿达木单抗治疗类风湿关节炎临床疗效预测因素的研究
周俊1, 王文1, 臧银善1, 徐艳1,()   
  1. 1. 223800 江苏宿迁,江苏省人民医院宿迁医院风湿免疫科
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-30 出版日期:2025-01-15
  • 通信作者: 徐艳
  • 基金资助:
    宿迁市科技计划资助项目(编号:KY202214)南京医科大学科技发展基金一般项目

Predictors of clinical efficacy of adalimumab in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis

Jun Zhou1, Wen Wang1, Yinshan Zang1, Yan Xu1,()   

  1. 1. Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Jiangsu Province (Suqian)Hospital, Suqian 223800, China
  • Received:2024-12-30 Published:2025-01-15
  • Corresponding author: Yan Xu
引用本文:

周俊, 王文, 臧银善, 徐艳. 阿达木单抗治疗类风湿关节炎临床疗效预测因素的研究[J/OL]. 中华临床医师杂志(电子版), 2025, 19(01): 41-47.

Jun Zhou, Wen Wang, Yinshan Zang, Yan Xu. Predictors of clinical efficacy of adalimumab in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Clinicians(Electronic Edition), 2025, 19(01): 41-47.

目的 探讨α肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)抑制剂阿达木单抗治疗类风湿关节炎(RA)患者临床疗效的预测因素。方法 将2018年1月至2023年12月在江苏省人民医院宿迁医院就诊的216例使用阿达木单抗治疗的RA患者(反应组148例,无反应组68例)进行回顾性研究,采用点双列相关检验和Spearman's Rho检验进行阿达木单抗治疗RA有效的相关性分析,运用二元Logistic回归分析探讨阿达木单抗治疗RA有效的预测因素,通过绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评估预测因素的价值。结果 反应组女性比例(χ2=48.430,P<0.001)、DAS28(t=6.827,P<0.001)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)(t=3.719,P<0.001)、干扰素-α(IFN-α)(t=5.22,P<0.001)水平高于无反应组,而无反应组骨质疏松(χ2=56.263,P<0.001)及糖皮质激素的使用比例(χ2=93.122,P<0.001)更高。DAS28(r=0.423,P<0.001)、TNF-α(r=0.171,P=0.012)、IFN-α(r=0.237,P<0.001)与临床有效性呈正相关,而男性(r=-0.427,P<0.001)、骨质疏松(r=-0.510,P<0.001)、糖皮质激素治疗(r=-0.657,P<0.001)与临床有效性呈负相关。回归分析结果显示,女性[OR(95%CI)为0.001(0,0.067),P<0.001]、无骨质疏松[OR(95%CI)为0(0,0.049),P=0.003]、高DAS28[OR(95%CI)为83.455(5.225,1332.91),P=0.002]、高IFN-α[OR(95%CI)为10.259(2.28,46.164),P=0.002]和无糖皮质激素治疗[OR(95%CI)为0.019(0.001,0.366),P=0.019]可能是RA患者对阿达木单抗治疗有反应的预测因素。DAS28值为3.665时,曲线下面积(AUC)为0.724,治疗反应预测敏感度为44.12%,特异度为98.65%;IFN-α值为3.750时,AUC为0.780,治疗反应预测敏感为97.06%,特异度为57.82%。DAS28和IFN-α联合预测概率Pre_1的AUC为0.898,治疗反应预测敏感度和特异度分别为93.75%和73.44%。结论 女性、无骨质疏松、高DAS28、高IFN-α和无糖皮质激素治疗可能是RA患者对阿达木单抗治疗有反应的预测因素。其中,DAS28作为预测指标特异度较强,IFN-α作为预测指标敏感度较高,两者联合预测价值更大。

Objective

To identify the predictors of clinical efficacy of the tumour necrosis factoralpha (TNF-α) inhibitor adalimumab in the treatment of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods

A retrospective study was conducted on 216 RA patients treated with adalimumab who visited Jiangsu Province(Suqian) Hospital from January 2018 to December 2023, including 148 with response and 68 with no response to the therapy. Correlation analysis of the effectiveness of adalimumab in the treatment of RA was carried out using the point biserial correlation test and Spearman's Rho test. The predictors of efficacy of adalimumab for RA were identified using binary logistic regression analysis, and the predictive value of the predictors was assessed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.

Results

The proportion of women(χ2=48.430, P<0.001), DAS28 (t=6.827, P<0.001), tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) (t=3.719,P<0.001), and interferon-alpha (IFN-α) (t=5.22, P<0.001) were higher in the response group than in the non-response group, while the non-response group had a higher proportion of patients with osteoporosis(χ2=56.263, P<0.001) and glucocorticoid use (χ2=93.122, P<0.001). DAS28 (r=0.423, P<0.001),TNF-α (r=0.171, P=0.012), and IFN-α (r=0.237, P<0.001) were positively associated with clinical effectiveness, whereas men (r=-0.427, P<0.001), osteoporosis (r=-0.510, P<0.001), and glucocorticoid therapy(r=-0.657, P<0.001) were negatively associated with clinical effectiveness. The results of regression analyses showed that being female [OR (95%CI)=0.001 (0, 0.067, P<0.001], no osteoporosis [OR (95%CI)=0(0, 0.049), P=0.003], high DAS28 [OR (95%CI)=83.455 (5.225, 1332.91), P=0.002], high IFN-α [OR(95%CI) =10.259 (2.28, 46.164), P=0.002], and no glucocorticoid treatment [OR (95%CI)=0.019 (0.001,0.366) P=0.019] may be predictive factors for patients with RA responding to adalimumab treatment. With a cutoff value of 3.665, DAS28 had an area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.724 for the prediction of treatment response, with a sensitivity of 44.12% and specificity of 98.65%. With a cutoff value of 3.750,IFN-α had an AUC value of 0.780 for the prediction of treatment response, with a 97.06% sensitivity and 57.82% specificity. The AUC for the combined DAS28 and IFN-α was 0.898, and the sensitivity and specificity were 93.75% and 73.44%, respectively.

Conclusion

Female gender, no osteoporosis, high DAS28, high IFN-α, and no glucocorticoid treatment may be predictors of RA patients responding to adalimumab treatment. Among them, DAS28 is a more specific predictor, IFN-α is a more sensitive predictor,and the combination of the two has greater predictive value.

表1 研究队列的临床特征
临床特征 反应组(n=148) 无反应组(n=68) t/Z/χ 2 P
年龄(岁,xˉ±s) 51.86±13.26 55.18±13.16 t=-1.709 0.089
女性[ 例(%)] 134(90.54) 36(52.94) χ 2=48.430 <0.001
发病年龄(岁,xˉ±s) 42.16±12.91 43.18±12.08 t=-0.547 0.585
病程(月,xˉ±s) 9.43±10.18 11.81±9.99 t=-1.606 0.110
BMI(kg/m2xˉ±s) 22.99±3.41 22.13±3.40 t=1.700 0.091
合并症[ 例(%)]
 高血压 26(17.57) 6(8.82) χ 2=3.590 0.058
 糖尿病 22(14.86) 4(5.88) χ 2=3.551 0.060
 骨质疏松 24(16.22) 46(66.65) χ 2=56.263 <0.001
关节
 小关节(个) 6(6~8) 6(5~8) Z=-1.391 0.164
 大关节(个) 4(2~6) 4(2~4) Z=-0.514 0.566
 关节畸形(个) 2(0~4) 2(2~4) Z=-1.768 0.071
疾病活动指标
 ESR (mm/h,xˉ±s) 66.04±29.11 69.93±30.92 t=-0.894 0.373
 CRP (mg/L,xˉ±s) 40.90±44.35 50.44±36.09 t=-1.513 0.132
 DAS28 (xˉ±s) 5.61±0.92 4.61±1.15 t=6.827 <0.001
 RF (IU/ml,xˉ±s) 238.84±413.51 339.51±238.77 t=-1.638 0.103
 RF[ 例(%)] 104(70.27) 48(70.59) χ 2=0.002 0.962
 anti-CCP (RU/ml,xˉ±s) 1062.38±1652.05 1057.86±644.22 t=0.019 0.985
 Anti-CCP[ 例(%)] 120(81.08) 56(82.35) χ 2=1.306 0.253
实验室指标(xˉ±s)
 WBC (109 8.16±10.64 6.95±1.78 t=0.935 0.351
 NE (109 4.61±1.50 4.94±1.81 t=-1.421 0.157
 LY (109 1.25±0.41 1.37±0.54 t=-4.41 0.057
 HB (g/L) 113.93±13.95 114.65±17.48 t=-0.413 0.680
 P LT(109 284.30±93.09 280.12±69.87 t=0.330 0.742
 NRL 4.31±2.61 4.07±2.06 t=0.665 0.506
 PRL 251.24±105.97 223.86±94.06 t=1.825 0.069
 IL-6 (pg/ml) 73.56±140.01 44.75±33.54 t=1.622 0.106
 TNF-α(pg/ml) 22.74±56.50 5.30±5.37 t=3.719 <0.001
 IFN-α(pg/ml) 11.13±21.50 1.84±1.17 t=5.22 <0.001
 IFN-γ(pg/ml) 9.45±40.14 1.59±0.75 t=1.564 0.119
 IgA (mg/dl) 371.74±164.94 342.06±40.39 t=1.501 0.137
 IgM (mg/dl) 210.52±111.13 216.69±142.39 t=-0.244 0.807
 IgG (mg/dl) 1284.90±381.42 1384.84±283.89 t=-1.340 0.183
 CD4/CD8 66.29±314.65 2.52±074 t=1.342 0.182
 抗核抗体阳性[ 例(%)] 38(25.68) 20(29.41) χ 2=0.231 0.630
 强的松或甲泼尼龙[ 例(%)] 16(10.81) 52(76.47) χ 2=93.122 <0.001
 甲氨蝶呤(个) 90 30
 来氟米特(个) 20 16
 他克莫司(个) 0 10
 雷公藤(个) 20 4
感染[ 例(%)] 8(5.41) 4(5.88) χ 2=1.778 0.182
表2 相关指标与治疗反应的相关性分析
表3 阿达木单抗治疗RA疗效预测因素的Logistic回归分析
图1 DAS28和IFN-α对阿达木单抗治疗RA反应性预测价值的ROC曲线 注:DAS28为疾病活动评分28;IFN-α为IFN-α为干扰素α;RA为类风湿关节炎
表4 DAS-28和IFN-α对治疗反应的预测价值评价
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