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中华临床医师杂志(电子版) ›› 2025, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (03) : 199 -205. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-0785.2025.03.005

临床研究

2 型糖尿病患者维生素D 与胰岛功能的相关性
秦楠1, 汪川2, 穆尼热·穆合塔尔1, 蒋升1,()   
  1. 1. 830000 新疆乌鲁木齐,省部共建中亚高发病成因与防治国家重点实验室 新疆医科大学第一附属医院内分泌科
    2. 835000 新疆伊宁,伊犁州新华医院内分泌科
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-31 出版日期:2025-03-15
  • 通信作者: 蒋升
  • 基金资助:
    新疆维吾尔自治区科技创新团队(天山创新团队)项目(项目编号:2022TSYCTD0014)中西医协同慢病管理研究项目(项目编号:CXZH2024067)

Correlation between vitamin D levels and islet function in type 2 diabetic patients

Nan Qin1, Chuan Wang2, Sheng Jiang1,()   

  1. 1. Department of Endocrinology,The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University,State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis,Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia,Urumqi 830000,China
    2. Department of Endocrinology,Xinhua Hospital,Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture,Yining 835000,China
  • Received:2025-03-31 Published:2025-03-15
  • Corresponding author: Sheng Jiang
引用本文:

秦楠, 汪川, 穆尼热·穆合塔尔, 蒋升. 2 型糖尿病患者维生素D 与胰岛功能的相关性[J/OL]. 中华临床医师杂志(电子版), 2025, 19(03): 199-205.

Nan Qin, Chuan Wang, Sheng Jiang. Correlation between vitamin D levels and islet function in type 2 diabetic patients[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Clinicians(Electronic Edition), 2025, 19(03): 199-205.

目的

分析血清25 羟维生素D[25(OH)D]与2 型糖尿病(T2DM)患者胰岛功能的相关性,评价对维生素D(VD)不足的T2DM 患者补充VD,胰岛功能是否较前改善,为治疗提供依据。

方法

选取就诊于新疆医科大学第一附属医院内分泌科的符合纳排标准的440 例T2DM 患者,收集患者的一般临床资料及生化指标,计算2 h C 肽/空腹C 肽(2 h C-P/C-P)以评估胰岛功能,按VD水平将患者分为3 组,比较各组间临床指标的差异性并进行相关性分析;随访补充后的48 名T2DM患者,评估补充前后胰岛功能变化。

结果

在VD 水平不同的3 组中,随着VD 水平的增加,空腹血糖(FBG)、餐后2 h 血糖(2 h PG)及糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)逐渐降低,2 h C-P/C-P 逐渐上升,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);Spearman 相关分析及偏相关分析均显示25(OH)D 与胰岛功能,血糖水平有相关性(P<0.05);补充VD 后FBG、2 h PG、HbA1c 较补充前下降,2 h C-P/C-P 较补充前上升,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。

结论

VD 水平会影响T2DM 患者的胰岛功能,对缺乏VD 的T2DM 患者补充VD 有利于改善胰岛功能,控制血糖,在T2DM 患者治疗中应常规筛查VD水平,在常规降糖的同时补充VD。

Objective

To investigate the association between serum 25(OH)D levels and islet β-cell function in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients,and assess the therapeutic effects of vitamin D (VD) supplementation on pancreatic islet function in VD-deficient T2DM subjects,with the objective of establishing an evidence-based treatment approach.

Methods

A total of 440 patients with T2DM who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected from the Department of Endocrinology,The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University.General clinical data and biochemical parameters were collected,and the 2-hour C-peptide to fasting C-peptide ratio (2hC-P/C-P) was calculated to assess pancreatic islet function.The patients were stratified into three groups based on VD levels,and differences in clinical indicators among the groups were compared,followed by correlation analysis.Additionally,48 T2DM patients were followed after VD supplementation to evaluate changes in islet function before and after intervention.

Results

Among the three groups with varying VD levels,fasting blood glucose (FBG),2-hour postprandial blood glucose (2hPG),and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) progressively decreased,while 2hC-P/C-P increased with higher VD levels,with statistically significant differences (P<0.05).Both Spearman correlation analysis and partial correlation analysis demonstrated significant associations between 25(OH)D levels and islet β-cell function as well as glycemic control (P<0.05).After VD supplementation,FBG,2hPG,and HbA1c decreased,whereas 2hC-P/C-P increased compared to baseline,with all changes being statistically significant (P<0.05).

Conclusion

VD levels influence islet β-cell function in T2DM patients.Supplementation with VD in VD-deficient individuals may improve β-cell function and glycemic control.Therefore,routine screening of VD levels should be incorporated into T2DM management,and VD supplementation should be considered alongside conventional glucose-lowering therapies.

表1 入组2 型糖尿病人群不同性别VD 缺乏比例[例(%)]
表2 入组2 型糖尿病人群不同年龄VD 缺乏比例[例(%)]
表3 不同维生素D 水平3 组间人群临床资料比较
变量 VD 严重缺乏组(n=193) VD 缺乏组(n=152) VD 充足组(n=95) χ 2/H/F P
BMI(kg/m2 25.00(23.00,27.5) 25.00(22.50,28.00) 25.00(23.00,27.00) 2.235 0.327
吸烟[ 例(%)] 5.279 0.071
165(85.5) 127(83.6) 71(74.7)
28(14.5) 25(16.4) 24(25.3)
饮酒[ 例(%)] 1.773 0.412
171(88.6) 138(90.8) 81(85.3)
22(11.4) 14(9.2) 14(14.7)
高血压[ 例(%)] 0.231 0.891
89(46.1) 68(44.7) 41(43.2)
104(53.9) 84(55.3) 54(56.8)
心血管疾病[ 例(%)] 4.156 0.125
117(60.6) 90(59.2) 46(48.4)
76(39.4) 62(40.8) 49(51.6)
糖尿病性周围神经病变[ 例(%) 5.886 0.053
71(37.0) 54(35.5) 22(23.2)
121(63.0) 98(64.5) 73(76.8)
糖尿病性视网膜病变[ 例(%)] 0.389 0.823
71(36.8) 60(39.5) 38(40.0)
122(63.2) 92(60.5) 57(60.0)
FBG(mmol/L) 8.16(5.60,10.14) 7.08(5.98,8.71)a 6.68(5.57,7.51)ab 16.482 <0.001
2 h PG(mmol/L,xˉ± s ) 18.19±4.87 17.94±4.46 16.69±4.82ab 0.313 0.037
空腹C 肽(ng/ml) 1.52(0.855,2.17) 1.38(0.9,2.34) 1.13(0.78,2.02) 0.583 0.747
2 h C 肽(ng/ml) 3.48(2.42,6.73) 4.66(2.665,6.95) 4.26(2.57,6.575) 4.886 0.087
2 h C-P/C-P 2.45(1.68,3.74) 2.93(2.06,4.64)a 3.05(2.06,4.90)a 10.705 0.005
HbA1c(%) 9.5(7.63,10.70) 8.80(7.00,10.00) 8.62(7.41,9.50)a 6.433 0.040
表4 25(OH)D 与胰岛功能相关分析
表5 补充前后各项指标差异性[MP25P75)]
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