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中华临床医师杂志(电子版) ›› 2025, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (08) : 582 -588. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-0785.2025.08.004

临床研究

红细胞分布宽度对夜间高血压的预测价值
张育民, 段勇(), 肖晓霞, 李慧, 刘佩   
  1. 410000 湖南 长沙,长沙市第三医院(湖南大学附属长沙医院)心血管内科
  • 收稿日期:2025-08-26 出版日期:2025-08-30
  • 通信作者: 段勇
  • 基金资助:
    长沙市科技计划项目(kzd21096)

Predictive value of red blood cell distribution width for nocturnal hypertension

Yumin Zhang, Yong Duan(), Xiaoxia Xiao, Hui Li, Pei Liu   

  1. Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Third Hospital of Changsha(Changsha Hospital Affiliated to Hunan University), Changsha 410000, China
  • Received:2025-08-26 Published:2025-08-30
  • Corresponding author: Yong Duan
引用本文:

张育民, 段勇, 肖晓霞, 李慧, 刘佩. 红细胞分布宽度对夜间高血压的预测价值[J/OL]. 中华临床医师杂志(电子版), 2025, 19(08): 582-588.

Yumin Zhang, Yong Duan, Xiaoxia Xiao, Hui Li, Pei Liu. Predictive value of red blood cell distribution width for nocturnal hypertension[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Clinicians(Electronic Edition), 2025, 19(08): 582-588.

目的

探讨红细胞分布宽度(RDW)对夜间高血压的预测价值。

方法

收集2020年1月~2022年12月在长沙市第三医院心内科住院并已行同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)、N末端脑钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)和24 h动态血压监测的高血压患者293例。将所有入选患者分为非夜间高血压组(n=100)和夜间高血压组(n=193)。采用ROC曲线、多因素Logistic回归分析RDW和夜间高血压的相关性及RDW预测夜间高血压的效能。

结果

夜间高血压患病率为65.9%。非夜间高血压组和夜间高血压组2组患者间RDW、2型糖尿病、慢性肾脏病、TG、NT-proBNP差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。RDW预测夜间高血压的ROC曲线下面积AUC:0.727,95%CI:0.665~0.788。通过约登指数(0.469)计算确定最佳截断值为13.25%。基于该截断值将患者分为RDW正常组(RDW<13.25%)和RDW升高组(RDW≥13.25%),结果显示RDW对夜间高血压的预测敏感度为69.9%,特异度为77.0%。校正潜在混杂因素后,多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,高RDW与夜间高血压的发生显著相关(OR=3.280,95%CI:1.676~6.421,P<0.001)。

结论

RDW与夜间高血压密切相关,其可能是预测夜间高血压的一个潜在标志物。

Objective

To evaluate the predictive value of red cell distribution width (RDW) for nocturnal hypertension in patients with hypertension.

Methods

This study enrolled 293 hypertensive patients who were admitted to the Department of Cardiology, The Third Hospital of Changsha between January 2020 and December 2022, and who underwent measurements of homocysteine (Hcy), N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), and 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. Based on ambulatory blood pressure results, the patients were divided into a non-nocturnal hypertension group (n=100) and a nocturnal hypertension group (n=193). The association between RDW and nocturnal hypertension was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and multivariate logistic regression.

Results

The prevalence of nocturnal hypertension was 65.9%. Significant differences were observed between the two groups in terms of RDW, prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, triglyceride levels, and NT-proBNP levels (all P<0.05). The area under the ROC curve of RDW for predicting nocturnal hypertension was 0.727 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.665–0.788). Using the Youden index, the optimal RDW cut-off value was determined to be 13.25%. At this threshold, the sensitivity of RDW for predicting nocturnal hypertension was 69.9%, and the specificity was 77.0%. After adjusting for potential confounders, multivariate logistic regression analysis confirmed that elevated RDW ≥13.25% was independently associated with nocturnal hypertension (odds ratio=3.280, 95%CI: 1.676~6.421, P<0.001).

Conclusion

RDW is closely associaled with nocturnal hypertension and may be a potential biomarker for predicting this codition.

表1 非夜间高血压组和夜间高血压组一般资料比较
变量 非夜间高血压(n=100) 夜间高血压(n=193) t/χ2/U值 P
RDW[%,MQ1Q3)] 12.8(12.5,13.2) 13.6(13.05,14.45) -6.369 <0.001
年龄(岁,
±s
67.86±9.63 66.69±11.42 0.877 0.381
男性[例(%)] 38(38) 107(55.4) 1.161 0.281
吸烟史[例(%)] 20(20) 47(24.4) 0.707 0.400
饮酒史[例(%)] 15(15) 26(13.5) 0.128 0.721
合并症[例(%)]
2型糖尿病 15(15) 49(25.4) 4.164 0.041
高脂血症 42(42) 92(47.7) 0.853 0.356
冠心病 28(28) 42(21.8) 1.410 0.235
脑卒中 8(8) 30(15.5) 3.220 0.073
慢性肾脏病 8(8) 30(15.5) 4.254 0.039
使用药物[例(%)]
CCB [例(%)] 66(66) 142(73.6) 1.835 0.175
ACEI/ARB/ARNI [例(%)] 67(67) 142(73.6) 1.393 0.238
β受体阻滞剂[例(%)] 54(54) 88(45.6) 1.863 0.172
利尿剂[例(%)] 38(38) 65(33.7) 0.540 0.463
α受体阻滞剂[例(%)] 12(12) 31(16.1) 0.868 0.352
TG [mmol/L,MQ1Q3)] 1.33(0.98,1.94) 1.58(1.06,2.36) -2.306 0.021
TC(mmol/L,
±s
4.57±1.29 4.71±1.15 -0.987 0.324
HDL(mmol/L,
±s
1.34±0.37 1.28±0.32 1.375 0.170
LDL(mmol/L,
±s
2.53±0.86 2.72±0.91 -1.700 0.090
Cr [µmol/L,MQ1Q3)] 62.45(53.63,75.73) 64.00(51.53,78.33) -0.318 0.750
UA [µmol/L,MQ1Q3)] 309.80(249.00,378.90) 319.00(264.40,401.75) -1.315 0.189
Hb(g/L,
±s
130.62±19.63 132.54±17.50 -0.856 0.393
Hcy [umol/L,MQ1Q3)] 13.45(10.70,15.83) 14.40(11.10,18.00) -1.706 0.088
NT-proBNP [pg/ml,MQ1Q3)] 100(80.75,235.18) 123.90(100.00,237.90) -2.012 0.048
图1 RDW预测夜间高血压的ROC曲线 注:RDW为红细胞分布宽度;ROC曲线为受试者工作特征曲线;蓝色实线表示ROC曲线下面积(AUC);蓝色区域表示95%可信区间(95%CI)
表2 夜间高血压影响因素分析
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