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中华临床医师杂志(电子版) ›› 2021, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (07) : 526 -531. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-0785.2021.07.009

临床研究

急性心力衰竭伴容量超负荷住院患者早期应用超滤治疗的有效性和安全性
刘振良1,(), 廖宪友1, 周杨杰1, 李万能1, 周德丽1   
  1. 1. 551700 贵州毕节,贵州省毕节市七星关区人民医院心内科
  • 收稿日期:2021-06-01 出版日期:2021-07-15
  • 通信作者: 刘振良

Efficacy and safety of early application of ultra-filtration in patients hospitalized with acute heart failure and volume overload

Zhenliang Liu1,(), Xianyou Liao1, Yangjie Zhou1, Wanneng Li1, Deli Zhou1   

  1. 1. Department of Cardiology, People's Hospital of Qixingguan District, Bijie 551700, China
  • Received:2021-06-01 Published:2021-07-15
  • Corresponding author: Zhenliang Liu
引用本文:

刘振良, 廖宪友, 周杨杰, 李万能, 周德丽. 急性心力衰竭伴容量超负荷住院患者早期应用超滤治疗的有效性和安全性[J]. 中华临床医师杂志(电子版), 2021, 15(07): 526-531.

Zhenliang Liu, Xianyou Liao, Yangjie Zhou, Wanneng Li, Deli Zhou. Efficacy and safety of early application of ultra-filtration in patients hospitalized with acute heart failure and volume overload[J]. Chinese Journal of Clinicians(Electronic Edition), 2021, 15(07): 526-531.

目的

评价急性心力衰竭(以下简称“心衰”)伴容量超负荷患者入院后早期应用超滤治疗的有效性和安全性。

方法

连续入选2017年1月至2021年1月于贵州省毕节市七星关区人民医院心内科(重症监护病区)住院的急性心衰伴容量超负荷患者,采用随机数字表法分为药物治疗组和超滤治疗组,前者给予标准抗心衰药物治疗基础上强化利尿治疗,后者在标准抗心衰药物治疗基础上于入院24 h内使用心衰专用超滤设备进行超滤治疗。观察有效性指标,包括随机后24 h体质量、血浆N末端B型利钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)及中心静脉压(CVP)的下降情况,此外,记录住院时间和出院后随访90 d内心衰再住院率。安全性指标包括超滤治疗前后血压、心率、呼吸频率等生命体征变化及实验室指标的变化。

结果

共有198例住院急性心衰患者纳入研究,药物治疗组100例,超滤治疗组98例。药物治疗组24 h内静脉呋塞米剂量为(108±27)mg(范围80~200 mg);超滤治疗组24 h内超滤治疗次数为(2±1)次,超滤治疗持续时间为(19±2)h(范围14~24 h),累计超滤量为(2896±921)ml(范围660~5100 ml)。与药物治疗组比较,超滤治疗组随机后24 h体质量[(-2.8±1.9)kg vs(-1.9±1.1)kg]、血浆NT-proBNP水平[-8430(-16 052,-5780)pg/ml vs -5780(-12 070,-3630)pg/ml]及CVP[(-12±5)cmH2O vs(-9±4)cmH2O]下降更明显,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。此外,超滤治疗组住院天数短于药物治疗组[(9±4)d vs(17±6)d,P<0.001],出院后90 d内再住院率低于药物治疗组(21.4% vs 39.0%,P=0.007),差异均有统计学意义。超滤治疗后患者的血压、心率及呼吸频率均较超滤治疗前有明显下降,但只有3例(3.1%)患者治疗后收缩压<90 mmHg,加用多巴胺后缓解。此外,超滤治疗前后患者肾功能指标及电解质指标水平差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05),血常规指标变化也在临床判定的安全范围内。

结论

急性心衰伴容量超负荷患者住院后早期应用心衰专用超滤设备治疗能够有效减轻容量超负荷,而且安全性良好。

Objective

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of early application of ultra-filtration (UF) in patients hospitalized with acute heart failure (AHF) and volume overload.

Methods

Patients hospitalized with AHF and volume overload from January 2017 to January 2021 at the Department of Cardiology of People's Hospital of Qixingguan District were enrolled and divided into a medication group and an UF group using the random number table method. The former received standard medical therapy based on updated guidelines for heart failure (HF) combined with intensive diuretic therapy, and the latter received UF therapy within 24 hours after admission in combination with standard medical therapy. The efficacy parameters included loss of weight, decrease in plasma level of N terminal pro-B type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), and decrease in central venous pressure (CVP) at 24 h after randomization in both groups. Moreover, length of stay (LOS) in hospital and rate of re-hospitalization for HF within 90 d of follow-up after discharge were also evaluated. The safety parameters included the change of blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, and laboratory parameters after treatment.

Results

A total of 198 patients were enrolled in this study, of whom 100 was allocated to the medication group and 98 patients to the UF group. The dose of intravenous furosemide for patients in the medication group was (108±27) mg (range, 80-200 mg). For patients in the UF group, the times of UF within 24 h were (2±1), the duration of UF was (19±2) h (range, 14-24 h), the volume of UF was (2896±921) ml (range, 660-5100 ml). Compared with those in the medication therapy group, there were significantly greater loss of weight [(-2.8±1.9) kg vs (-1.9±1.1) kg], decrease in plasma level of NT-proBNP [-8430 (-16 052, -5780) pg/ml vs -5780 (-12 070, -3630) pg/ml], and decrease in CVP [(-12±5) cmH2O vs (-9±4) cmH2O] in patients of the UF therapy group (P<0.001). Furthermore, patients in the UF therapy group showed shorter LOS [(9±4) d vs (17±6) d, P<0.001] and a lower rate of re-hospitalization for HF (21.4% vs 39.0%, P=0.007). Although the blood pressure, heart rate, and respiratory rate significantly decreased after UF therapy, only three patients (3.1%) showed systolic blood pressure<90 mmHg. Moreover, there were no significant differences in renal function or serum electrolyte levels after UF therapy (P>0.05). The changes of routine blood examination indexes were also within the safe range on clinical judgement.

Conclusion

Early application of UF therapy is effective and safe in patients hospitalized with AHF and volume overload.

表1 2组急性心力衰竭伴容量超负荷患者基线资料比较
表2 2组急性心力衰竭伴容量超负荷患者治疗前后有效性指标变化情况比较
表3 超滤治疗组患者治疗前后安全性指标比较(
xˉ
±s
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