了解成都市社区老年人健康水平及常见健康问题的影响因素，为老年人社区卫生保健管理工作提供理论依据。

选择2020年在成都市晋阳社区卫生服务中心进行健康体检、年龄≥65岁的老年人为研究对象，按性别和年龄分组，采用卡方检验分析体重指数、血压、血糖、血脂、贫血、肝功能异常、肾功能异常是否存在差异，采用Logistic回归分析高血压、糖尿病、空腹血糖受损的影响因素。

5589名老年人中，健康问题检出率从高到低依次为高血压、血脂异常、超重或肥胖、糖尿病、肝功能异常、肾功能异常、空腹血糖受损和贫血。不同性别组中，肥胖、血脂异常检出率女性高于男性，空腹血糖受损、肾功能异常检出率男性高于女性，差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。不同年龄组，血脂异常、超重、肝功能异常、糖尿病、高血压、贫血、肾功能异常检出率不全相同，差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05），其中高血压、贫血、肾功能异常65~74岁年龄组检出率最低，≥85岁年龄组检出率最高，并且随着年龄的增长呈现明显的升高趋势。慢性病“三高”共病患病率在不同性别、年龄、体重指数间差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05），其中女性共病患病率高于男性，≥85岁年龄组共病患病率最高，肥胖组共病患病率最高。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示，年龄、超重、肥胖、甘油三酯升高、肝功能异常、肾功能异常为高血压的影响因素；甘油三酯升高、肝功能异常为糖尿病的影响因素；超重、肥胖、低密度脂蛋白升高、甘油三酯升高、肝功能异常为空腹血糖受损的影响因素。

社区老年人的健康状况不乐观，不同性别、不同年龄的健康问题有所不同，高血压、空腹血糖受损、糖尿病的危险因素不尽相同，“高血压、高血脂、高血糖”共病患病率高。因此，应该对老年人进行个体化的健康管理，提高健康水平。

To identify the factors influening the health status and common health problems among the elderly in a Chengdu community, in order to provide a theoretical basis for community health care for the elderly.

Elderly people aged ≥ 65 years old who underwent physical examination at Jinyang Community Health Service Center, Chengdu in 2020 were selected as the research subjects. They were divided into groups according to sex and age. Chi-square test was used to analyze whether there were differences in body mass index, blood pressure, blood glucose, blood lipid, anemia, abnormal liver function, and abnormal renal function. Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of hypertension, diabetes, and impaired fasting blood glucose.

A total of 5589 elderly people were included, in which common health problems (in a descending order) were hypertension, dyslipidemia, overweight or obesity, diabetes, abnormal liver function, abnormal renal function, impaired fasting blood glucose, and anemia. The detection rate of obesity and dyslipidemia in women was higher than that in men, and the detection rate of impaired fasting blood glucose and abnormal renal function in men was significantly higher than that in women (P＜0.05). The detection rates of dyslipidemia, overweight, abnormal liver function, diabetes, hypertension, anemia, and renal dysfunction were significantly different across different age groups (P＜0.05); the detection rate of hypertension, anemia, and renal dysfunction was the lowest in the age group of 65~74 years old, and the highest in the age group ≥85 years old, and showed an obvious increasing trend with the increase of age. The prevalence rate of comorbid chronic diseases was significantly different between different genders, ages, and body mass indexes (P＜0.05). The prevalence rate of comorbidities in women was higher than that in men, and it was the highest in the ≥85 years old group. The prevalence rate of comorbidities in the obesity group was the highest. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age, overweight, obesity, elevated triglyceride, abnormal liver function, and abnormal renal function were the influencing factors of hypertension; elevated triglyceride and abnormal liver function were the influencing factors of diabetes; and overweight, obesity, elevated low-density lipoprotein, elevated triglyceride, and abnormal liver function were the influencing factors of impaired fasting blood glucose.

The health status of the elderly in the community is not optimistic. The health problems of elderly people of different genders and ages are different. The risk factors for hypertension, impaired fasting blood glucose, and diabetes are different, and the prevalence rate of "hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and hyperglycemia" is high. Therefore, individualized health management should be carried out for the elderly to improve their health level.