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中华临床医师杂志(电子版) ›› 2025, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (06) : 414 -419. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-0785.2025.06.003

临床研究

北京市社区中老年人群非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇比值与抑郁风险的关联性
温欢, 苏博, 刘金波, 王宏宇()   
  1. 100144 北京,北京大学首钢医院血管医学中心
  • 收稿日期:2025-06-18 出版日期:2025-06-30
  • 通信作者: 王宏宇

Association between ratio of non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and risk of depression in middle-aged and elderly people from a community in Beijing

Huan Wen, Bo Su, Jinbo Liu, Hongyu Wang()   

  1. Vascular Medicine Center, Peking University Shougang Hospital, Beijing 100144, China
  • Received:2025-06-18 Published:2025-06-30
  • Corresponding author: Hongyu Wang
引用本文:

温欢, 苏博, 刘金波, 王宏宇. 北京市社区中老年人群非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇比值与抑郁风险的关联性[J/OL]. 中华临床医师杂志(电子版), 2025, 19(06): 414-419.

Huan Wen, Bo Su, Jinbo Liu, Hongyu Wang. Association between ratio of non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and risk of depression in middle-aged and elderly people from a community in Beijing[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Clinicians(Electronic Edition), 2025, 19(06): 414-419.

目的

非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇之比(NHHR)在临床上是一种关键的生物标志物,可准确评估个体患动脉粥样硬化和代谢性疾病(尤其是糖尿病)的风险。而血脂异常与多种精神系统疾病的发生密切相关。本研究旨在探讨北京某社区中老年人群的NHHR与抑郁症发病风险之间的关系。

方法

我们利用2019年在中国北京一社区收集的764份问卷数据进行横断面研究。我们使用CESD-10问卷来评估抑郁症。研究采用多变量logistic回归模型和限制性立方样条(RCS)模型来探讨NHHR与抑郁风险之间的关系。此外,还进行了亚组分析和敏感性分析,以检验结果的准确性。

结果

在这项研究中,共有152人被诊断为抑郁症。在对协变量进行调整后发现,NHHR越高,抑郁风险越高(OR:1.62,95%CI:1.24~2.12,P<0.001)。与 NHHR 最低参考组相比,经过全面调整后,处于第4四分位数的参与者患抑郁症的风险明显增加(OR:1.84,95%CI:1.09~3.13,P=0.009)。NHHR与抑郁风险之间存在线性剂量反应关系(非线性P=0.157)。在亚组和敏感性分析中,结果是稳健的。

结论

较高的NHHR(作为连续变量或分类变量)与较高的抑郁风险明显相关。对血脂异常的深入研究将有助于抑郁症的诊断和治疗。

Objective

Non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHHR) serves as a pivotal biomarker in clinical contexts, enabling the precise assessment of an individual's risk for atherosclerosis and the development of metabolic diseases, particularly diabetes mellitus. Dyslipidemia is strongly associated with the development of several psychiatric disorders. The aim of this study was to explore the association between NHHR and the risk of developing depression in a middle-aged and elderly population from a community in Beijing, China.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional study using data from 764 questionnaires collected in a community in Beijing, China in 2019. The CESD-10 questionnaire was used to evaluate depression. A multivariable logistic regression model and a restricted cubic spline (RCS) model were applied to investigate the association between NHHR and depression risk. Additionally, subgroup and sensitivity analyses were conducted to test the robustness of the results.

Results

A total of 152 individuals were diagnosed with depression in this study. After adjusting for covariates, higher NHHR was significantly associated with an elevated risk of depression (odds ratio [OR]: 1.62, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.24~2.12, P<0.001). Compared with the reference group with the lowest NHHR, participants in the fourth quartile had a significantly increased risk of depression after full adjustments (OR: 1.84, 95%CI: 1.09–3.13, P=0.009). A linear dose-response relationship existed between NHHR and depression risk (P=0.157). The results were robust in subgroup and sensitivity analyses.

Conclusion

Higher NHHR (either as a continuous or categorical variable) is significantly associated with a higher risk of depression. Further research on dyslipidemia will aid in the diagnosis and treatment of depression.

表1 抑郁组和非抑郁组的基线特征比较
变量名 总体 无抑郁 抑郁 P
年龄[岁,(
±s)]
60.0±6.7 60.0±6.7 59.7±6.6 0.612
性别[例(%)] 764 612 152 <0.001
男性 267(34.9) 233(38.1) 34(22.4)
女性 497(65.1) 379(61.9) 118(77.6)
教育水平[例(%)] 0.893
文盲 4(0.5) 3(0.5) 1(0.7)
小学及以下 23(3.0) 20(3.3) 3(2.0)
初中 207(27.1) 162(26.5) 45(29.6)
高中或中专 363(47.5) 293(47.9) 70(46.1)
本科或大专 165(21.6) 132(21.6) 33(21.7)
研究生及以上 2(0.3) 2(0.3) 0(0)
年收入水平[例(%)] 0.164
拒绝回答 5(0.7) 3(0.5) 2(1.3)
5万元及以下 194(25.4) 145(23.7) 49(32.2)
5~10万元 396(51.8) 322(52.6) 74(48.7)
11~20万元 152(19.9) 126(20.6) 26(17.1)
20万元及以上 14(1.8) 13(2.1) 1(0.7)
不清楚 3(0.4) 3(0.5) 0(0)
吸烟[例(%)] 0.038
从不吸烟 159(20.8) 136(22.2) 23(15.1)
目前吸烟 533(69.8) 414(67.6) 119(78.3)
已戒烟 72(9.4) 62(10.1) 10(6.6)
饮酒[例(%)] 0.265
从不饮酒 217(28.4) 181(29.6) 36(23.7)
目前饮酒 521(68.2) 409(66.8) 112(73.7)
已戒酒 26(3.4) 22(3.6) 4(2.6)
BMI(
±s
25.0±3.2 25.1±3.2 24.9±3.4 0.547
TC[mmol/L,(
±s)]
5.3±1.1 5.3±1.1 5.3±1.0 0.598
HDL-C[mmol/L,(
±s)]
1.4±0.3 1.4±0.3 1.4±0.3 0.077
NHHR(
±s
2.8±0.7 2.7±0.7 3.0±0.8 0.002
冠心病[例(%)] 0.602
740(96.9) 594(97.1) 146(96.1)
24(3.1) 18(2.9) 6(3.9)
高血压[例(%)] 0.491
461(60.3) 373(60.9) 88(57.9)
303(39.7) 239(39.1) 64(42.1)
糖尿病[例(%)] 0.201
602(78.8) 488(79.7) 114(75.0)
162(21.2) 124(20.3) 38(25.0)
表2 NHHR(作为连续变量或分类变量)与居民抑郁风险的关联[MQ1Q3)]
图1 NHHR与居民抑郁风险关联的限制性立方样条模型
图2 NHHR与居民抑郁风险关联的亚组分析
表3 NHHR为二分类变量的敏感性分析
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