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中华临床医师杂志(电子版) ›› 2025, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (10) : 779 -785. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-0785.2025.10.008

临床研究

眼睑痉挛患者的脑电相位-振幅耦合特征及A型肉毒毒素治疗的影响
赵海娜1, 马灿灿1, 陈兰兰1, 蒋瓅2,()   
  1. 1 225001 江苏扬州,扬州大学附属苏北人民医院神经内科
    2 225001 江苏扬州,扬州大学附属苏北人民医院老年医学科
  • 收稿日期:2025-10-27 出版日期:2025-10-30
  • 通信作者: 蒋瓅

Phase-amplitude coupling characteristics in patients with blepharospasm and effects of botulinum toxin type A treatment on cross-frequency synchronization of electroencephalography activity

Haina Zhao1, Cancan Ma1, Lanlan Chen1, Li Jiang2,()   

  1. 1 Department of Neurology, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
    2 Department of Geriatrics, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
  • Received:2025-10-27 Published:2025-10-30
  • Corresponding author: Li Jiang
引用本文:

赵海娜, 马灿灿, 陈兰兰, 蒋瓅. 眼睑痉挛患者的脑电相位-振幅耦合特征及A型肉毒毒素治疗的影响[J/OL]. 中华临床医师杂志(电子版), 2025, 19(10): 779-785.

Haina Zhao, Cancan Ma, Lanlan Chen, Li Jiang. Phase-amplitude coupling characteristics in patients with blepharospasm and effects of botulinum toxin type A treatment on cross-frequency synchronization of electroencephalography activity[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Clinicians(Electronic Edition), 2025, 19(10): 779-785.

目的

探讨眼睑痉挛(BSP)患者的相位-振幅耦合(PAC)特征,并分析A型肉毒毒素(BoNT-A)治疗对脑电跨频同步特征的影响。

方法

本研究为前瞻性研究,采用64导脑电图采集来自江苏省苏北人民医院神经内科的40例BSP患者(治疗前及治疗后1个月)及30例健康对照的静息态脑电信号。经标准化预处理后,计算β-γ和θ-γ频段的PAC值及MI,并绘制极坐标相位分布图。组别与时间效应采用t检验、配对t检验及双因素的方差分析比较,Spearman法分析PAC与病程及各临床量表(SAS、SDS、JRS、BSDI、PSQI)的相关性。

结果

治疗前BSP组β-γ和θ-γ频段PAC值显著高于健康对照(P<0.05),BoNT-A治疗后PAC值明显下降(β-γ下降17.5%,θ-γ下降12.6%,P<0.05),但仍高于正常水平。极坐标分析显示,BSP患者治疗前PAC峰值在相位0°附近集中,治疗后趋于分散,与对照组更为接近。PAC与病程、焦虑、抑郁、症状严重度及睡眠质量间均无显著相关(|ρ|<0.2)。

结论

BSP患者在β-γ和θ-γ频段存在显著PAC异常,BoNT-A治疗后该异常部分恢复,PAC有望成为评估BSP中枢功能及疗效反应的客观电生理标志物。

Objective

To investigate the phase–amplitude coupling (PAC) characteristics in patients with blepharospasm (BSP) and examine the effects of botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) treatment on cross-frequency synchronization of electroencephalography (EEG) activity.

Methods

In this prospective investigation, resting-state EEG was recorded in 40 patients with BSP (before and one month after BoNT-A injection) and 30 age- and sex-matched healthy controls from the Department of Neurology, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, using a 64-channel EEG system. After standard preprocessing, PAC values and modulation index (MI) were calculated for β-γ and θ-γ frequency bands. Polar plots were used to examine phase distribution patterns. Between-group and within-group differences were analyzed using independent and paired t-tests, and time-by-group interactions were assessed using two-way ANOVA. Spearman correlation analysis was performed to examine the associations between PAC values and clinical variables, including disease duration, anxiety (SAS), depression (SDS), symptom severity (JRS and BSDI), and sleep quality (PSQI).

Results

Before treatment, BSP patients showed significantly elevated PAC values in both β-γ and θ-γ frequency bands compared with healthy controls (P<0.05). Following BoNT-A treatment, PAC values decreased significantly (β-γ: -17.5%; θ-γ: -12.6%; P<0.05) but remained higher than those of controls. Polar analysis revealed that PAC phase peaks were clustered around 0° before treatment and became more dispersed post-treatment, resembling the control distribution. No significant correlations were observed between PAC values and clinical variables (|ρ|<0.2).

Conclusion

Patients with BSP exhibit significant abnormalities in PAC within the β-γ and θ-γ frequency bands, which partially improve after BoNT-A treatment. PAC may serve as an objective electrophysiological indicator for assessing central functional status and treatment response in BSP.

表1 BSP患者与健康对照组的基线临床数据比较
表2 BSP患者治疗前、治疗后及健康对照组的PAC比较结果
图1 BSP患者治疗前、治疗后与健康对照组的PAC(β-γ、θ-γ)比较(箱线图)。图a为β-γ频段PAC值在治疗前BSP组显著高于健康对照组(P<0.001),治疗后PAC值有所下降(P<0.001),但仍高于健康对照组(P=0.003);图b为θ-γ频段PAC值在治疗前BSP组显著高于健康对照组(P<0.001),治疗后PAC值下降(P=0.001),但仍高于健康对照组(P=0.002) 注:BSP为眼睑痉挛;PAC为相位-振幅耦合
图2 BSP患者治疗前、治疗后与健康对照组的MI(β-γ、θ-γ)比较(箱线图)。图a为β-γ频段MI值在治疗前BSP组显著高于健康对照组(P<0.05),治疗后MI值有所下降(P<0.05),但仍高于健康对照组;图b为θ-γ频段MI值在治疗前BSP组显著高于健康对照组(P<0.05),治疗后MI值下降(P<0.05),但仍显著高于健康对照组 注:BSP为眼睑痉挛;MI为调制指数
图3 BSP患者治疗前、治疗后及健康对照组的PAC相位分布特征(极坐标图)。图a为在β-γ频段,BSP治疗前组在相位0°附近出现明显的PAC峰值,治疗后该峰值减弱,分布趋于平缓,接近健康对照组;图b为在θ-γ频段,BSP治疗前组在相位0°附近也表现出显著的PAC峰值,治疗后峰值减弱,分布形态接近健康对照组 注:BSP为眼睑痉挛;PAC为相位-振幅耦合
图4 BSP患者治疗前后PAC均值变化及与健康对照组比较(组别×时间交互效应)。图a为在β-γ频段,BSP组治疗前的PAC值显著高于治疗后(P<0.05),治疗后PAC值接近健康对照组;图b为在θ-γ频段,BSP组治疗前的PAC值显著高于治疗后(P<0.05),治疗后PAC值也接近健康对照组 注:BSP为眼睑痉挛;PAC为相位-振幅耦合
表3 BSP患者PAC值与临床指标的Spearman相关分析
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