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中华临床医师杂志(电子版) ›› 2025, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (11) : 854 -859. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-0785.2025.11.009

综述

儿童青少年抑郁障碍的多因素病因研究进展
杜琳, 贾飞勇()   
  1. 130021 吉林长春,吉林大学第一医院儿童医院发育行为儿科
  • 收稿日期:2025-10-13 出版日期:2025-11-30
  • 通信作者: 贾飞勇

Advances in understanding of multifactorial etiology of depressive disorder in children and adolescents

Lin Du, Feiyong Jia()   

  1. Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Children's Medical Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
  • Received:2025-10-13 Published:2025-11-30
  • Corresponding author: Feiyong Jia
引用本文:

杜琳, 贾飞勇. 儿童青少年抑郁障碍的多因素病因研究进展[J/OL]. 中华临床医师杂志(电子版), 2025, 19(11): 854-859.

Lin Du, Feiyong Jia. Advances in understanding of multifactorial etiology of depressive disorder in children and adolescents[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Clinicians(Electronic Edition), 2025, 19(11): 854-859.

儿童青少年抑郁障碍的患病率逐年增高,其病因复杂,功能损害严重,如不及时识别和干预,可能引起成年后慢性精神健康问题,为医疗公共卫生事业带来巨大挑战。儿童青少年抑郁障碍的病因可能与复杂的生物心理社会因素有关,但由于儿童青少年处于生长发育阶段,与成年人抑郁障碍相比具有一些其特有的病因。该文将聚焦于儿童青少年这一年龄段的抑郁障碍的多因素病因进行综述,从而为儿童青少年抑郁障碍的早期筛查与精准预防提供依据,并指导年龄特异性的干预与治疗策略。

Depressive disorder in children and adolescents represents a growing public health concern, with its prevalence rising annually. Characterized by complex etiologies and significant functional impairment, untreated depression in this population can lead to chronic mental health issues in adulthood, presenting substantial challenges to both clinical services and public health systems. While the causes are often understood within a biopsychosocial framework, the unique developmental stage of childhood and adolescence introduces specific risk factors distinct from those seen in adults. This article reviews the multifactorial etiology of pediatric and adolescent depression, aiming to inform early screening and precision prevention efforts, and to guide developmentally appropriate intervention and treatment strategies.

图1 儿童青少年抑郁障碍的病因 注:双向箭头提示上述因素间存在潜在交互机制
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