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中华临床医师杂志(电子版) ›› 2026, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (02) : 90 -96. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-0785.2026.02.002

临床研究

儿童狼疮性肾炎合并高尿酸血症的特征分析
何淑敏, 盛倩倩, 丁桂霞()   
  1. 210000 南京,南京医科大学附属儿童医院肾脏科
  • 收稿日期:2026-02-09 出版日期:2026-02-28
  • 通信作者: 丁桂霞
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(82570813)

Clinical and pathological characteristics of pediatric lupus nephritis with hyperuricemia

Shumin He, Qianqian Sheng, Guixia Ding()   

  1. Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China
  • Received:2026-02-09 Published:2026-02-28
  • Corresponding author: Guixia Ding
引用本文:

何淑敏, 盛倩倩, 丁桂霞. 儿童狼疮性肾炎合并高尿酸血症的特征分析[J/OL]. 中华临床医师杂志(电子版), 2026, 20(02): 90-96.

Shumin He, Qianqian Sheng, Guixia Ding. Clinical and pathological characteristics of pediatric lupus nephritis with hyperuricemia[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Clinicians(Electronic Edition), 2026, 20(02): 90-96.

目的

分析合并高尿酸血症(HUA)的狼疮性肾炎(LN)患儿的临床病理特征,研究血清尿酸(SUA)水平的影响因素。

方法

收集2017年1月~2024年12月在南京医科大学附属儿童医院就诊的LN患儿的SUA值,纳入健康儿童作为对照组,比较LN患儿与健康儿童的HUA发生率。此外,将LN患儿分为HUA组和非高尿酸血症(NHUA)组,比较其临床表现、病理结果及实验室指标差异,并分析影响SUA的独立影响因素。

结果

健康儿童的HUA发生率为16.0%(17/106),LN患儿的HUA发生率为50.9%(54/106)。对比HUA组与NHUA组发现,在临床表现方面,HUA组SLEDAI-2K评分更高(P<0.001),且浆膜炎和高血压的发生率更高(P=0.012、P<0.001);在病理结果方面,HUA组的急性活动指数评分和肾间质炎症细胞浸润的比例更高(P=0.007、P<0.001);在实验室指标方面,HUA组肾功能相关指标更差(P<0.001)、补体C3水平更低(P=0.010)且蛋白尿水平差异更显著(P<0.05)。将上述变量纳入多因素Logistic回归分析显示,低补体C3水平是SUA的独立影响因素。

结论

LN患儿HUA的发生率高于健康儿童。合并HUA的LN患儿具有更严重的疾病表现,在临床工作中应监测SUA水平。此外,低补体C3水平是SUA的独立影响因素,这为临床识别高风险患儿提供了参考。

Objective

To analyze the clinical and pathological characteristics of children with lupus nephritis (LN) complicated by hyperuricemia (HUA), and to identify the factors influencing serum uric acid (SUA) levels.

Methods

SUA data of were collected from LN children admitted to the Children's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University from January 2017 to December 2024, with healthy children enrolled as the control group. The incidence of HUA was compared between LN children and healthy children. Additionally, LN children were divided into a HUA group and a non-hyperuricemia (NHUA) group. Differences in clinical manifestations, pathological findings, and laboratory indicators between the two groups were compared, and independent factors influencing SUA were identified.

Results

The incidence of HUA was 16.0% (17/106) in healthy children and 50.9% (54/106) in LN children. Compared with the NHUA group, the HUA group had significantly higher SLEDAI-2K scores (P<0.001) and higher rates of serositis and hypertension (P=0.012 and P<0.001, respectively) as clinical manifestations; higher acute activity index scores and a greater proportion of renal interstitial inflammatory cell infiltration (P=0.007 and P<0.001, respectively) as pathological results; and poorer renal function-related indicators (P<0.001), lower complement C3 levels (P=0.010), and more pronounced proteinuria (P<0.05) as laboratory indicators. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis incorporating the above variables identified low complement C3 level as an independent factor influencing SUA.

Conclusion

The incidence of HUA is significantly higher in LN children than in healthy children. LN children complicated with HUA present more severe disease manifestations; therefore, SUA levels should be monitored in clinical practice. Furthermore, low complement C3 level is an independent factor influencing SUA, providing a useful reference for identifying high-risk children in the clinical setting.

图1 研究对象筛选流程图。LN为狼疮性肾炎;SUA为血清尿酸;HUA为高尿酸血症组;NHUA为非高尿酸血症组
表1 HUA组与NHUA组临床特征的比较[例(%)]
表2 HUA组与NHUA组的肾活检病理数据对比
表3 HUA组与NHUA组实验室指标对比
表4 HUA组与NHUA组自身抗体谱对比[例(%)]
表5 HUA组与NHUA组细胞免疫对比
表6 单因素及多因素Logistic回归
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