With the development of imaging technology and pathological diagnosis, the rate of early diagnosis of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) has gradually increased. However, patients with a tumor diameter of 1 to 4 cm still account for about 30% of all DTC cases. In recent years, the update of diagnosis and treatment guidelines has a great impact on the treatment scheme of DTC, especially for patients with a tumor diameter of 1-4 cm. A scientific and reasonable surgical plan should be developed according to the initial risk assessment, the risk assessment should be carried out dynamically in the follow-up, and the follow-up strategy for patients should be adjusted in time, in order to achieve accurate and real-time individualized management, so that more and more patients can benefit from the treatment.