Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a serious chronic complication of diabetes with a complex healing process influenced by multiple factors. While infection control and lower limb blood supply have received considerable attention, the specific and independent role of nutritional status warrants further investigation. This study aimed to systematically analyze the relationship between the nutritional status of DFU patients and ulcer healing prognosis.

This single-center retrospective cohort study consecutively enrolled 112 hospitalized patients with Wagner grade 2~4 DFUs between March 2023 and March 2025. Nutritional and metabolic serological indicators at admission were collected, including albumin (Alb), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), hemoglobin (Hb), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). The patients were divided into a poor healing group and a good healing group based on the wound healing rate after 2 weeks of treatment (threshold: 20%). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the independent association of these indicators with healing outcome after adjusting for confounders including age, gender, ulcer location, AOFAS score, VAS score, length of hospital stay, white blood cell count (WBC), C-reactive protein (CRP) level, and ankle-brachial index (ABI).

Malnutrition and metabolic disorders were common in DFU patients, manifested as hypoalbuminemia (3.35 g/dl), low hemoglobin (10.42 g/dl), low zinc (60.15 μg/dl), and high HbA1c (7.85%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis confirmed that high HbA1c (＞6%; adjusted odds ratio [aOR]=6.84, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.78~16.82), low albumin (＜4.25 g/dl; aOR=5.92, 95%CI: 2.42~14.47), and low zinc (＜101 μg/dl; aOR=4.75, 95%CI: 1.52~14.83) were independent risk factors for poor wound healing. A triage risk stratification model based on this "High HbA1c-Low Albumin-Low Zinc" triad showed that the high-risk group had a 28.4-fold increased risk of poor healing.

This study found that malnutrition is common in DFU patients. The "High HbA1c-Low Albumin-Low Zinc" triad is a strong independent predictor of poor wound healing, and its effect is not confounded by key factors such as blood supply and inflammation. The results indicate that in the comprehensive management of DFU, in addition to controlling infection and improving blood supply, active blood glucose control and focused attention on correcting nutritional deficiencies are crucial for promoting wound healing and improving patient prognosis.

To investigate the correlation of nocturnal pulse pressure (nPP) and nocturnal pulse pressure index (nPPI) with cardiac function parameters in patients with mild-to-moderate hypertension and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), and to evaluate their predictive value for short-term major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs).

A total of 120 elderly patients with mild-to-moderate hypertension and HFpEF were enrolled. All patients underwent 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) and echocardiographic examination. They were followed for 1 year to record the occurrence of MACEs, including rehospitalization for heart failure, non-fatal myocardial infarction, stroke, and cardiovascular death. Based on the median nPP (50 mmHg), the patients were divided into a high nPP group and a low nPP group. Similarly, based on the median nPPI (0.42), the patients were divided into a high nPPI group and a low nPPI group. The correlations of nPP and nPPI with cardiac function parameters, as well as their prognostic differences, were analyzed. Their independent predictive value and predictive performance were assessed.

The left atrial volume index (LAVI), the ratio of early diastolic mitral inflow velocity to early diastolic mitral annular velocity (E/E′), interventricular septal end-diastolic thickness (IVSd), and left ventricular posterior wall end-diastolic thickness (LVPWd) were significantly higher in the high nPP group than in the low nPP group, while there was no significant difference in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) between the two groups. A consistent trend was observed in the high nPPI group and low nPP group. Correlation analysis showed that nPP was positively correlated with LAVI and E/E′; nPPI was also positively correlated with LAVI and E/E′. During the 1-year follow-up, the overall MACE incidence was 19.2%. The MACE incidence in the high nPP group (28.3%) was significantly higher than that of the low nPP group (10.0%). Similarly, the MACE incidence in the high nPPI group (26.7%) was significantly higher than that of the low nPPI group (11.7%). Multivariate Cox regression analysis (all variance inflation factors ＜10, indicating no multicollinearity) showed that elevated nPP and elevated nPPI were independent risk factors for short-term MACEs. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis revealed that the area under the curve (AUC) of nPP in predicting MACEs was 0.725, with an optimal cut-off value of 55 mmHg. The AUC for nPPI in predicting MACE was 0.703, with an optimal cut-off value of 0.45.

In patients with mild-to-moderate hypertension and HFpEF, elevated nPP and nPPI are significantly associated with left ventricular diastolic dysfunction and serve as independent predictors of short-term MACEs. They can be used as straightforward indicators for cardiac function assessment and risk stratification in this population.

To develop an early rehabilitation protocol for patients with severe upper limb fractures with concomitant nerve injuries in the ICU and evaluate its efficacy.

A quasi-experimental design was adopted. Thirty-two patients with severe upper limb fractures and concomitant nerve injuries, admitted to the Affiliated Wuxi Ninth Hospital of Soochow University between January 2021 and December 2022, were assigned to the control group and received a conventional care protocol after emergency surgery. Another 34 patients admitted between January 2023 and December 2024 were assigned to the study group and received a multidisciplinary team-guided bundled intervention, which included rapid emergency preparedness, perioperative warming, comfort-focused sedation and analgesia, and systematic early rehabilitation measures.

The two groups showed no statistically significant differences in baseline characteristics (P＞0.05). Compared to the control group, the study group demonstrated significantly lower cold intolerance scores at 48 hours post-operation, higher comfort scores at all assessment time points, and a shorter length of ICU stay (all P＜0.05). Follow-up assessments at 1, 4, and 8 weeks postoperatively revealed that the recovery grade of monofilament sensation in the affected limb was significantly better in the study group than in the control group (P＜0.05).

The early rehabilitation protocol developed in this study effectively improved patient comfort, alleviated cold intolerance, promoted early recovery of neurosensory function, and shortened the ICU stay for patients with severe upper limb fractures and nerve injuries, demonstrating its value for clinical application.

To develop nomogram models based on mammographic features for predicting the expression of HR and HER2 in mass or/and calcified breast cancer.

The clinical and imaging data of 586 female patients diagnosed with breast cancer from January 2021 to April 2024 in Xuzhou Central Hospital with complete surgical pathology and immunohistochemical results were retrospectively included and randomly divided into a training group (n=481) and a validation group (n=105) in a ratio of 8:2. X-ray imaging features were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression and used to develop nomogram models for predicting HR and HER2 expression. The clinical value of the two models was then assessed.

Tumor margin, tumor size, and absence of fine-linear or branching calcification were independent predictors of HR status. In contrast, HER2 status was independently associated with the presence of fine-linear or branching calcifications, as well as the distribution and range of calcification foci. HR and HER2 nomogram models were then constructed based on the above indexes. The AUC of the HR nomogram model was 0.765 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.724~0.807) in the training group and 0.783 (95%CI: 0.695~0.870) in the validation group. The AUC of the HER2 nomogram model was 0.838 (95%CI: 0.796~0.877) in the training group and 0.908 (95%CI:0.832~0.984) in the validation group. The calibration curves of the two models showed that the predicted probabilities were consistent with the actual probabilities in both groups. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test showed excellent goodness of fit for both the HR nomogram model (P=0.771) and the HER2 nomogram model (P=0.918). The clinical decision curve showed that the two nomogram models had clinical utility.

The nomogram models, based on mammographic features of masses and/or calcifications in breast cancer, demonstrate moderate diagnostic efficacy and calibration for predicting HR and HER2 status. They may offer valuable guidance for clinical and pathological diagnosis, as well as subsequent treatment planning.

To analyze the imaging features of ultrasound (US), mammography (MG), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of solid (ML) and non-solid (NML) breast lesions, and to evaluate the value of US combined with MG and MRI in diagnosing ML and NML breast lesions.

A total of 231 female patients with 244 breast lesions diagosed at the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University from May 2021 to May 2025 were collected, all of whom underwent US, MG, and MRI examinations. The patients were divided into ML and NML groups based on US and MRI features, and then sub-grouped by benignity and malignancy. Using pathological results as the gold standard, differences in US, MG, and MRI features between benign and malignant ML and NML breast lesions were compared. By computing sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC), the diagnostic efficacy of US, US+MG, US+MRI, and US+MG+MRI for ML and NML groups was evaluated.

Among the 244 breast lesions confirmed by pathology, 163 were malignant and 81 were benign. Compared with malignant ML lesions, malignant NML lesions showed statistically significant differences in menopausal status, palpability, internal echo, orientation, posterior echo, blood flow signal grade, fibroglandular content, T2WI signal, ADC values, and Ki-67 expression (P＜0.05). The diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV of US+MG+MRI for the ML lesion group were 94.8%, 89.1%, 94.5%, and 87.0%, respectively, with its AUC greater than that of US (0.947/0.778, P＜0.05). The diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV of US+MG+MRI for the NML lesion group were 93.6%, 84.6%, 91.7%, and 88.0%, respectively, with its AUC greater than that of US (0.940/0.712, P＜0.05).

US, MG, and MRI have significant diagnostic value for benign and malignant ML and NML breast lesions, and the combination of US, MG, and MRI can improve the diagnostic efficacy for benign and malignant ML and NML breast lesions.

To compare the clinical efficacy and fertility outcomes of laparoscopic segmental tubal resection with end-to-end anastomosis versus laparoscopic salpingotomy in patients with tubal pregnancy.

A retrospective analysis was conducted on 69 patients with tubal pregnancy who had a strong desire for future fertility and underwent surgical treatment at our hospital between January 2020 and January 2023. Among them, 29 patients underwent laparoscopic segmental tubal resection with end-to-end anastomosis (Group A), while 40 patients underwent laparoscopic salpingotomy with suture repair (Group B). Both groups received a 20 mg methotrexate injection into the mesosalpinx during surgery. Tubal patency was assessed via lipiodol hysterosalpingography 3 months postoperatively. Parameters compared included preoperative baseline characteristics, intraoperative blood loss, operative time, postoperative bowel recovery time, visual analog scale (VAS) pain score on postoperative day 1, incidence of persistent ectopic pregnancy within 2 weeks post-surgery, tubal patency status (classified as obstructed, partially patent, or patent) at 3 months, and rates of ultrasonographically confirmed intrauterine pregnancy (IUP) and recurrent ipsilateral ectopic pregnancy within 24 months postoperatively.

No significant differences were observed in preoperative baseline data, postoperative bowel recovery time, or VAS score on day 1 between the two groups (P＞0.05). Intraoperative blood loss was also comparable between the two groups (Group A: 39.1± 9.4 ml vs Group B: 35.2±13.1 ml; F=1.87, P=0.176). However, the mean operative time was significantly longer in Group A (58.7±18.0 min) than in Group B (43.6±17.3 min) (F=12.34, P=0.001). The incidence of persistent ectopic pregnancy was 0% in Group A and 7.5% in Group B, which showed no statistically significant difference (χ²=2.27, P=0.132). At the 3-month follow-up, the tubal patency rate was significantly higher in Group A (89.7%) compared to Group B (65.0%) (χ²=6.24, P =0.044). The IUP rate within 24 months was also significantly higher in Group A (89.7%) than in Group B (70.0%) (χ²=4.09, P=0.043). The recurrent ectopic pregnancy rates were 3.4% and 12.5% in Groups A and B, respectively, with no statistically significant difference (χ²=1.74, P=0.188). All procedures were completed successfully without severe adverse events.

Compared to salpingotomy, laparoscopic segmental tubal resection with end-to-end anastomosis, although requiring a longer operative time, is safe and effective. It significantly improves postoperative tubal patency and intrauterine pregnancy rates, with a trend towards reduced risks of persistent and recurrent ectopic pregnancy. This procedure can be considered a new surgical option for women of reproductive age with a strong desire for future fertility.

To analyze the efficacy of DeepSeek combined with three-dimensional (3D) digital imaging simulation technology in iodine-125 (¹²⁵I) seed implantation for lung cancer treatment.

This retrospective study involved 95 patients with lung malignancies who underwent ¹²⁵I seed implantation at Daqing Oilfield Hospital, Daqing, China from 2023 to 2025. The participants were divided into three groups: group A (n=33), which received preoperative standardized diagnosis/treatment planning using DeepSeek for dose calculation and risk prediction, combined with CT-based 3D reconstruction surgical simulation and coaxial single-needle ¹²⁵I seed implantation, group B (n=31), which underwent CT-based 3D reconstruction surgical simulation followed by conventional ¹²⁵I seed implantation, and group C (n=31), which received conventional preoperative management followed by standard ¹²⁵I seed implantation.

Group A demonstrated significantly shorter operative time, reduced postoperative drainage tube indwelling duration, and shorter postoperative hospital stay compared to both group B and group C (P＜0.01). The incidence of postoperative hemoptysis in group A was lower than that in group C. Additionally, group A had a lower incidence of postoperative pneumothorax compared to groups B and C (P＜0.05).

Precise treatment planning and preoperative preparation significantly improve therapeutic outcomes by reducing operative time, postoperative complications, and hospital stay. As an emerging local treatment approach, ¹²⁵I seed implantation demonstrates superiority when combined with DeepSeek-based standardized preoperative management and 3D reconstruction technology, offering a less invasive and more targeted alternative compared to conventional methods.

To investigate the phase–amplitude coupling (PAC) characteristics in patients with blepharospasm (BSP) and examine the effects of botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) treatment on cross-frequency synchronization of electroencephalography (EEG) activity.

In this prospective investigation, resting-state EEG was recorded in 40 patients with BSP (before and one month after BoNT-A injection) and 30 age- and sex-matched healthy controls from the Department of Neurology, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, using a 64-channel EEG system. After standard preprocessing, PAC values and modulation index (MI) were calculated for β-γ and θ-γ frequency bands. Polar plots were used to examine phase distribution patterns. Between-group and within-group differences were analyzed using independent and paired t-tests, and time-by-group interactions were assessed using two-way ANOVA. Spearman correlation analysis was performed to examine the associations between PAC values and clinical variables, including disease duration, anxiety (SAS), depression (SDS), symptom severity (JRS and BSDI), and sleep quality (PSQI).

Before treatment, BSP patients showed significantly elevated PAC values in both β-γ and θ-γ frequency bands compared with healthy controls (P＜0.05). Following BoNT-A treatment, PAC values decreased significantly (β-γ: -17.5%; θ-γ: -12.6%; P＜0.05) but remained higher than those of controls. Polar analysis revealed that PAC phase peaks were clustered around 0° before treatment and became more dispersed post-treatment, resembling the control distribution. No significant correlations were observed between PAC values and clinical variables (|ρ|＜0.2).

Patients with BSP exhibit significant abnormalities in PAC within the β-γ and θ-γ frequency bands, which partially improve after BoNT-A treatment. PAC may serve as an objective electrophysiological indicator for assessing central functional status and treatment response in BSP.

Adhesion genes represent a crucial gene family in Candida albicans infection and biofilm formation, serving a dual functional role. On the one hand, they act as “initiators” for infection and colonisation; on the other hand, they function as “architects” of the drug-resistant microenvironment. During biofilm formation, the expression of adhesion genes facilitates the construction of complex biofilm structures, including extracellular matrix formation and hyphal differentiation. This review examines the pathogenicity and regulatory mechanisms of several adhesion-associated glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored cell wall proteins, providing insights for identifying novel antimicrobial drug targets and therapeutic approaches.

Over the past few decades, the use of novel therapeutics has significantly improved survival outcomes for patients with multiple myeloma (MM). However, most patients still experience disease recurrence or progression. Drug resistance remains the most pressing challenge in MM treatment. Recent studies have revealed that autophagy plays a pivotal role in drug resistance in MM. This review examines autophagy and its regulatory mechanisms; the interplay between autophagy and MM treatment, tumor microenvironment, and metabolic reprogramming; and autophagy-related therapeutic strategies for MM, aiming to provide novel insights for clinical diagnosis and treatment of MM.

PANoptosis is a unique inflammatory cell death pattern newly discovered in recent years. It integrates the main features and interactions of apoptosis, pyroptosis, and necroptosis, initiated by innate immune sensors and driven by PANoptosome. As one of the most intricate forms of programmed cell death (PCD) identified to date, PANoptosis is closely related to the pathogenesis of various systemic diseases in humans, including infectious diseases, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and inflammatory conditions. Therefore, understanding the pathogenesis of PANoptosis is of great significance for providing a basis for the treatment of human diseases. The role of PANoptosis in tumor treatment is multi-faceted, including inhibiting tumor growth, enhancing chemotherapy sensitivity, predicting treatment response and prognosis, and promoting immune monitoring. Given the impact of PANoptosis across the entire disease spectrum, targeting its molecular components offers great potential for the treatment of diseases.