To investigate the efficacy of probiotics in the adjuvant treatment of bronchopneumonia related diarrhea in children and the improvement of intestinal flora.

In this study, 148 children with infantile bronchopneumonia associated diarrhea who were admitted to Tangshan Workers Hospital from July to August 2019 were divided into either a control group or a study group according to the random number table method, with 74 cases in each group. There were 39 males and 35 females in the control group, with an average age of (1.56±0.67) years (range: 1-3 years). There were 40 males and 34 females in the study group, with an average age of (2.14±0.68) years (range: 0-3 years). The control group was treated with routine therapy, such as maintaining water-electrolyte balance, rehydration, anti-infection, and anti-bacterial therapy. The study group was treated with probiotics on the basis of the routine therapy. The clinical efficacy, time to symptom remission, intestinal flora, inflammatory factors, and immune function were compared between the two groups.

The total effective rate of the study group was 94.59%, and it was 83.78% in the control group; the difference between them was statistically significant (P＜0.05). The time to recovery of stool characteristics [(2.44±0.29) d], time to return of stool frequency to normal [(3.43±0.59) d], and time to disappearance of diarrhea [(3.17±0.50) d] in the study group were significantly shorter than those of the control group [(3.11±0.41) d, (4.16±0.79) d, and (3.92±0.62) d, respectively; P＜0.05). After 5 days of treatment, the levels of intestinal bifidobacteria, lactobacillus, bacteroides, and enterococcus faecalis in the study group were all higher than those in the control group, and the level of enterobacter was lower than that in the control group (P＜0.05). After 5 days of treatment, the levels of serum interleukin-6, interleukin-17, and C-reactive protein in the study group were all lower than those in the control group, but the levels of immunoglobulin (Ig) M, IgA, and IgG were all higher than those in the control group (P＜0.05).

Bifidobacterium triple viable bacteria used in the adjuvant treatment of children with bronchopneumonia related diarrhea can improve the therapeutic effect, shorten the time to symptom relief, improve intestinal flora and immune function, and alleviate intestinal inflammation.