Abstract:

Kidney transplantation is the optimal treatment for patients with end-stage renal failure. Preventing complications and improving the survival of the transplanted kidney are important issues which deserve constant attention. In recent years, researchers have conducted numerous studies on the correlation between kidney transplantation and human microecology. Kidney transplantation can lead to the change of the human microbiota, which may in turn affect the renal transplantation outcome, including postoperative allograft rejection, infection, diarrhea, and delayed graft function. Studying the alteration of human microbiota composition may effectively predict the outcome of kidney transplantation. And the intervention of a specific microbiota can help to prevent the post-transplanting complication and maintain the graft function. This article systematically summarizes current studies on kidney transplantation and human microbiota, with an aim to provide a new direction and reference for improving the outcome of kidney transplantation.

Key words: Kidney transplantation, Human microecology, Allograft rejection, Infection, Dysbiosis