Progress in understanding of relationship between thyroid hormones and related diseases and sex hormones

doi:10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-0785.2024.03.013

Abstract

Abstract:

Thyroid and sex hormones maintain dynamic balance in the body through the regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis and the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, respectively, and exert synergistic and antagonistic effects through positive and negative feedback regulatory mechanisms. Thyroid hormones can regulate and affect the development of the testicles and ovaries, while abnormal levels of sex hormones can also affect thyroid function. Estrogen can participate in the occurrence and development of hyperthyroidism through estrogen receptor beta, and can also promote the proliferation of thyroid stem cells to form nodules. Besides, estrogen can promote the proliferation of thyroid cancer cells through an estrogen receptor-dependent mechanism, and even participate in the angiogenesis and metastasis processes, playing an important role in the outcome and prognosis of thyroid cancer.

Key words: Thyroid hormone, Sex hormone, Thyroid disease, Correlation

Lin Xu. Progress in understanding of relationship between thyroid hormones and related diseases and sex hormones[J]. Chinese Journal of Clinicians(Electronic Edition), 2024, 18(03): 315-318.

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