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Chinese Journal of Clinicians(Electronic Edition) ›› 2025, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (08): 559-566. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-0785.2025.08.001

• Clinical Research •    

Association between triglyceride-glucose index and endothelial dysfunction in an elderly community-based population

Huan Wen1, Bo Su2, Jinbo Liu1, Hongyu Wang1,()   

  1. 1 Vascular Medicine Center, Peking University Shougang Hospital, Beijing 100144, China
    2 Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
  • Received:2025-08-21 Online:2025-08-30 Published:2025-12-30
  • Contact: Hongyu Wang

Abstract:

Objective

To clarify the correlation between the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and endothelial dysfunction in an elderly community-based population, in order to provide new insights for the early prediction of cardiovascular diseases.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted, enrolling 1648 elderly individuals with no prior history of cardiovascular disease. General demographic data, past medical history, physical examination findings, and laboratory test indicators were collected. The TyG index was calculated, and endothelial function was evaluated using the Reactive Hyperemia Index (RHI). Participants were divided into three groups (low, medium, and high) according to the tertiles of the TyG index. Pearson correlation analysis was performed to explore the correlation between the TyG index and clinical indicators. Logistic regression models were used to analyze the association between the TyG index and endothelial dysfunction, and stratified interaction tests were conducted to examine potential interaction effects.

Results

The TyG index in the endothelial dysfunction group was significantly higher than that of the normal group (P<0.05). With the increase of the TyG index, the detection rates of endothelial dysfunction were 41.0%, 45.4%, and 48.4%, respectively (χ2=6.117, P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that the TyG index was positively correlated with body mass index, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure (all P<0.05), and negatively correlated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and RHI (both P<0.05). After adjusting for confounding factors, the risk of endothelial dysfunction in the high TyG index group was 1.43 times that in the low TyG index group (95% confidence interval: 1.09~1.87, P<0.05). Stratified analysis showed no interaction between the TyG index and hypertension, diabetes, or hyperlipidemia in terms of their effects on endothelial dysfunction (all P>0.05).

Conclusion

An elevated TyG index is significantly associated with endothelial dysfunction in elderly community populations. The TyG index can serve as a simple indicator for evaluating endothelial function and predicting the risk of cardiovascular diseases, providing a reference for the early prevention of cardiovascular diseases.

Key words: Triglyceride-glucose index, Elderly, Endothelial dysfunction, Reactive hyperemia index

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