Effect of sleep deprivation on weight loss and gut microbiota in obese patients on a calorie restricted diet

doi:10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-0785.2020.10.010

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective

To investigate the effect of sleep deprivation on weight loss, biochemical indexes, and gut microbiota abundance in obese patients on a calorie restricted diet (CRD).

Methods

Obese patients were enrolled in the obesity clinic of Huai'an Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical College from September 2018 to November 2019 and divided into either a sleep deprivation group (8 cases) or a non-sleep deprivation group (8 cases). The changes of body shape indexes, biochemical indexes, and intestinal microflora characteristics were recorded after CRD intervention for 12 weeks. One-way ANOVA was used to compare the differences in the above indexes between the two groups. Paired sample t-test was used to compare the differences before and after weight loss of subjects in the same group. Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare the differences between groups of intestinal bacteria. Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between clinical indicators and gut microbiota.

Results

After CRD intervention, the body weight [(83.85±9.30) kg vs (85.88±8.76) kg, t=2.898, P=0.023; (79.23±14.52) kg vs (88.00±13.16) kg, t=3.895, P=0.006], waist circumference [(98.60±6.76) cm vs (100.73±6.14) cm, t=3.694, P=0.008; (96.14±11.26) cm vs (101.61±8.52) cm, t=3.103, P=0.017], and basal metabolic rate [BMR; (1476.25±146.63) kcal vs (1501.75±149.36) kcal, t=3.599, P=0.009; (1427.00±228.02) kcal vs (1477.38±229.98) kcal, t=5.994, P=0.001] in both groups all significantly decreased than those before CRD, t=3.599, 5.994, P=0.009, 0.001). The changes in body weight [(2.02±1.97) kg vs (8.76±6.36) kg, t=2.424, P=0.013], body fat amount [(2.0.55±1.93) kg vs (5.25±5.10) kg, t=1.692, P=0.029], body fat area [(-3.25±14.41) cm² vs (36.13±48.94) cm², t=6.102, P=0.047], BMR [(25.50±20.04) kcal vs (50.38±23.77) kcal, t=0.702, P=0.040] and total cholesterol [(-0.06±0.37) mmol/L vs (0.77±0.76) mmol/L, t=3.802, P=0.014] in the sleep deprivation group were significantly less than those in the non-sleep deprivation group after CRD intervention. There was no significant difference in alpha diversity of gut microbiota before and after the intervention in either group. During the study period, there was a stable negative correlation between Mollicutes and BMR in the non-sleep deprivation group.

Conclusion

CRD intervention can effectively reduce the weight, waist circumference, and BMR of patients with obesity. The effects of CRD intervention may be weakened by sleep deprivation in terms of weight loss and blood lipid metabolism. Mollicutes bacteria may be one of the factors affecting the weight loss effect of CRD intervention in obese patients without sleep deprivation.

Key words: Sleep deprivation, Calorie restricted diet, Gut microbiota, Obesity

Surong Wen, Ziyu Liu, Xiaoqing Wang, Xing Qi, Yanwen Lu, Jing Li, Shayan Li, Weinan Yu, Wen Hu. Effect of sleep deprivation on weight loss and gut microbiota in obese patients on a calorie restricted diet[J]. Chinese Journal of Clinicians(Electronic Edition), 2020, 14(10): 800-807.

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References 24

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变量	睡眠剥夺组（8例）		^at值	^aP值	正常睡眠组（8例）		^bt值	^bP值	^ct值	^cP值
变量	干预前	干预后	^at值	^aP值	干预前	干预后	^bt值	^bP值	^ct值	^cP值
年龄（岁）	38.13±2.44	38.13±2.44	3.137	0.160	34.00±3.78	34.00±3.78	3.137	0.160	3.137	0.160
BMI（kg/m²）	29.85±1.71	29.33±1.82	1.626	0.148	31.29±2.49	29.30±6.25	1.264	0.247	1.959	0.199
体脂肪量（kg）	27.11±3.28	26.56±2.78	0.805	0.447	29.36±5.44	24.11±6.41	2.909	0.023	1.692	0.334
体脂肪率（%）	31.64±2.95	31.33±2.25	0.368	0.724	33.46±4.74	30.36±5.38	2.001	0.085	1.040	0.371
内脏脂肪面积（cm²）	135.00±19.31	138.25±23.34	-0.638	0.544	145.00±39.92	108.88±35.29	2.088	0.075	6.102	0.534
体质量（kg）	85.88±8.76	83.85±9.30	2.898	0.023	88.00±13.16	79.23±14.52	3.895	0.006	2.424	0.709
腰围（cm）	100.73±6.14	98.60±6.76	3.694	0.008	101.61±8.52	96.14±11.26	3.103	0.017	1.295	0.815
BMR（kcal）	1501.75±149.36	1476.25±146.63	3.599	0.009	1477.38±229.98	1427.00±228.02	5.994	0.001	0.702	0.805
ALT（U/L）	26.75±8.46	19.75±7.32	2.306	0.055	44.50±35.43	22.50±11.02	1.954	0.092	10.400	0.206
AST（U/L）	23.38±6.80	19.38±2.67	1.508	0.175	27.00±15.10	18.75±6.61	1.582	0.158	2.315	0.546
ALP（U/L）	60.75±20.53	72.88±27.2	-0.860	0.418	76.75±29.68	92.87±21.94	-1.278	0.242	0.324	0.230
eGFR（μmol/L）	148.83±24.07	138.80±13.29	1.096	0.309	166.77±40.25	156.24±24.31	0.854	0.421	0.173	0.298
BUN（mmol/L）	5.28±0.94	4.77±1.05	0.788	0.457	5.85±1.09	4.93±1.52	1.852	0.107	0.180	0.277
TC（mmol/L）	4.56±0.66	4.62±0.77	-0.482	0.645	4.91±1.18	4.16±0. 95	2.867	0.024	3.770	0.457
TG（mmol/L）	1.71±1.33	1.20±1.01	2.520	0.040	1.50±1.11	0.94±0.45	1.798	0.115	0.178	0.742
HbA1c（%）	5.39±0.36	5.24±0.58	1.100	0.540	5.53±0.41	5.29±0.31	2.648	0.168	0.079	0.490
HOMA-IR	2.68±1.19	2.15±0.84	0.644	0.308	3.44±1.83	1.91±1.78	1.610	0.017	1.389	0.344

变量	睡眠剥夺组（8例）		^at值	^aP值	正常睡眠组（8例）		^bt值	^bP值	^ct值	^cP值
变量	干预前	干预后	^at值	^aP值	干预前	干预后	^bt值	^bP值	^ct值	^cP值
年龄（岁）	38.13±2.44	38.13±2.44	3.137	0.160	34.00±3.78	34.00±3.78	3.137	0.160	3.137	0.160
BMI（kg/m²）	29.85±1.71	29.33±1.82	1.626	0.148	31.29±2.49	29.30±6.25	1.264	0.247	1.959	0.199
体脂肪量（kg）	27.11±3.28	26.56±2.78	0.805	0.447	29.36±5.44	24.11±6.41	2.909	0.023	1.692	0.334
体脂肪率（%）	31.64±2.95	31.33±2.25	0.368	0.724	33.46±4.74	30.36±5.38	2.001	0.085	1.040	0.371
内脏脂肪面积（cm²）	135.00±19.31	138.25±23.34	-0.638	0.544	145.00±39.92	108.88±35.29	2.088	0.075	6.102	0.534
体质量（kg）	85.88±8.76	83.85±9.30	2.898	0.023	88.00±13.16	79.23±14.52	3.895	0.006	2.424	0.709
腰围（cm）	100.73±6.14	98.60±6.76	3.694	0.008	101.61±8.52	96.14±11.26	3.103	0.017	1.295	0.815
BMR（kcal）	1501.75±149.36	1476.25±146.63	3.599	0.009	1477.38±229.98	1427.00±228.02	5.994	0.001	0.702	0.805
ALT（U/L）	26.75±8.46	19.75±7.32	2.306	0.055	44.50±35.43	22.50±11.02	1.954	0.092	10.400	0.206
AST（U/L）	23.38±6.80	19.38±2.67	1.508	0.175	27.00±15.10	18.75±6.61	1.582	0.158	2.315	0.546
ALP（U/L）	60.75±20.53	72.88±27.2	-0.860	0.418	76.75±29.68	92.87±21.94	-1.278	0.242	0.324	0.230
eGFR（μmol/L）	148.83±24.07	138.80±13.29	1.096	0.309	166.77±40.25	156.24±24.31	0.854	0.421	0.173	0.298
BUN（mmol/L）	5.28±0.94	4.77±1.05	0.788	0.457	5.85±1.09	4.93±1.52	1.852	0.107	0.180	0.277
TC（mmol/L）	4.56±0.66	4.62±0.77	-0.482	0.645	4.91±1.18	4.16±0. 95	2.867	0.024	3.770	0.457
TG（mmol/L）	1.71±1.33	1.20±1.01	2.520	0.040	1.50±1.11	0.94±0.45	1.798	0.115	0.178	0.742
HbA1c（%）	5.39±0.36	5.24±0.58	1.100	0.540	5.53±0.41	5.29±0.31	2.648	0.168	0.079	0.490
HOMA-IR	2.68±1.19	2.15±0.84	0.644	0.308	3.44±1.83	1.91±1.78	1.610	0.017	1.389	0.344

变量	睡眠剥夺组（8例）	正常睡眠组（8例）	t值	P值
∆BMI（kg/m²）	0.53±0.91	1.99±4.45	1.959	0.378
∆体脂肪量（kg）	0.55±1.93	5.25±5.10	1.692	0.029
∆体脂肪率（%）	0.31±2.40	3.10±4.38	1.040	0.137
∆内脏脂肪面积（cm²）	-3.25±14.41	36.13±48.94	6.102	0.047
∆体质量（kg）	2.02±1.97	8.76±6.36	2.424	0.013
∆腰围（cm）	2.13±1.63	5.48±4.99	1.119	0.107
∆BMR（kcal）	25.50±20.04	50.38±23.77	0.702	0.040
∆ALT（U/L）	7.00±8.59	22.00±31.85	4.605	0.219
∆AST（U/L）	4.00±7.50	8.25±14.75	1.337	0.480
∆ALP（U/L）	-12.13±39.87	-16.13±35.69	0.000	0.836
∆eGFR（μmol/L）	10.03±25.88	10.53±34.88	0.133	0.974
∆BUN（mmol/L）	0.51±1.82	0.92±1.41	0.941	0.615
∆TC（mmol/L）	-0.06±0.37	0.77±0.76	3.802	0.014
∆TG（mmol/L）	0.051±0.57	0.56±0.881	1.162	0.895
∆HbA1c（%）	0.15±0.66	0.23±0.42	1.999	0.179
∆HOMA-IR	0.53±1.36	1.53±1.64	0.015	0.904

变量	睡眠剥夺组（8例）	正常睡眠组（8例）	t值	P值
∆BMI（kg/m²）	0.53±0.91	1.99±4.45	1.959	0.378
∆体脂肪量（kg）	0.55±1.93	5.25±5.10	1.692	0.029
∆体脂肪率（%）	0.31±2.40	3.10±4.38	1.040	0.137
∆内脏脂肪面积（cm²）	-3.25±14.41	36.13±48.94	6.102	0.047
∆体质量（kg）	2.02±1.97	8.76±6.36	2.424	0.013
∆腰围（cm）	2.13±1.63	5.48±4.99	1.119	0.107
∆BMR（kcal）	25.50±20.04	50.38±23.77	0.702	0.040
∆ALT（U/L）	7.00±8.59	22.00±31.85	4.605	0.219
∆AST（U/L）	4.00±7.50	8.25±14.75	1.337	0.480
∆ALP（U/L）	-12.13±39.87	-16.13±35.69	0.000	0.836
∆eGFR（μmol/L）	10.03±25.88	10.53±34.88	0.133	0.974
∆BUN（mmol/L）	0.51±1.82	0.92±1.41	0.941	0.615
∆TC（mmol/L）	-0.06±0.37	0.77±0.76	3.802	0.014
∆TG（mmol/L）	0.051±0.57	0.56±0.881	1.162	0.895
∆HbA1c（%）	0.15±0.66	0.23±0.42	1.999	0.179
∆HOMA-IR	0.53±1.36	1.53±1.64	0.015	0.904

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