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Chinese Journal of Clinicians(Electronic Edition) ›› 2025, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (07): 479-485. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-0785.2025.07.001

• Clinical Research •    

Relationship between serum phosphorus level trajectory and short-term prognosis in patients with severe pneumonia

Xingmei Gao1, Jierong Zhou1, Yi Yang1, Mengxiang Zhang1, Zhongmou Zhang1, Bin Li1,2,()   

  1. 1 Lanzhou University, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
    2 Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
  • Received:2025-06-03 Online:2025-07-30 Published:2025-11-28
  • Contact: Bin Li

Abstract:

Objective

To explore the relationship between the trajectory of blood phosphorus levels and the clinical outcome of patients with severe pneumonia.

Methods

The clinical data of 1055 patients with severe pneumonia admitted to the Department of Critical Care Medicine of the First Hospital of Lanzhou University were retrospectively analyzed. According to the changes of blood phosphorus level during hospitalization, the trajectory analysis of blood phosphorus level was carried out, and the patients were grouped according to the trajectory. The basic data between different groups of patients were analyzed, and the Kaplan-Meier survival curve was performed. Univariate and multivariate COX regression analyses were performed to explore the relationship between different blood phosphorus level trajectories and the proportion of mechanical ventilation, mechanical ventilation time, and 28-day survival.

Results

A total of 1055 patients were divided into three trajectory groups: persistent hypophosphatemia group, normal serum phosphorus level group, and progressive hypophosphatemia group. The mortality rate was higher in the persistent hypophosphatemia group, and the proportion of tracheal intubation, mechanical ventilation time, and hospitalization time were longer. COX survival analysis showed that patients with normal serum phosphorus levels had a lower risk of death (hazard ratio=0.594, 95% confidence interval: 0.388~0.908). After adjusting for confounding factors such as SOFA score, APACHE II score, age, lactic acid, serum calcium, absolute monocyte count, absolute lymphocyte count, tracheal intubation, and ventilator use time, the results were still significant.

Conclusion

Persistent hypophosphatemia is associated with a poor prognosis in patients with severe pneumonia. Maintaining normal and stable serum phosphorus level is helpful to improve the short-term prognosis of such patients.

Key words: Severe pneumonia, Hypophosphatemia, Trajectory analysis, Short-term prognosis

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