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中华临床医师杂志(电子版) ›› 2019, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (04) : 246 -253. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-0785.2019.04.002

所属专题: 文献

临床研究

3D腹腔镜与开腹直肠癌根治术对男性性功能及泌尿功能的影响
高庆坤1, 牛鹏飞1, 王延召1, 高兆亚1, 黄文生1, 雷福明1, 顾晋1,()   
  1. 1. 100043 北京大学首钢医院胃肠外科
  • 收稿日期:2018-12-06 出版日期:2019-02-15
  • 通信作者: 顾晋
  • 基金资助:
    北京市科委,首都临床特色应用研究(Z161100000516003)

Effect of open versus 3D laparoscopic surgery for rectal cancer on male urinary and sexual function

Qingkun Gao1, Pengfei Niu1, Yanzhao Wang1, Zhaoya Gao1, Wensheng Huang1, Fuming Lei1, Jin Gu1,()   

  1. 1. Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University Shougang Hospital, Beijing 100043, China
  • Received:2018-12-06 Published:2019-02-15
  • Corresponding author: Jin Gu
  • About author:
    Corresponding author: Gu Jin, Email:
引用本文:

高庆坤, 牛鹏飞, 王延召, 高兆亚, 黄文生, 雷福明, 顾晋. 3D腹腔镜与开腹直肠癌根治术对男性性功能及泌尿功能的影响[J]. 中华临床医师杂志(电子版), 2019, 13(04): 246-253.

Qingkun Gao, Pengfei Niu, Yanzhao Wang, Zhaoya Gao, Wensheng Huang, Fuming Lei, Jin Gu. Effect of open versus 3D laparoscopic surgery for rectal cancer on male urinary and sexual function[J]. Chinese Journal of Clinicians(Electronic Edition), 2019, 13(04): 246-253.

目的

对比分析3D腹腔镜与开腹直肠癌根治术围手术期相关因素对性功能和泌尿功能的影响。

方法

回顾性分析2015年1月至2016年10月北京大学首钢医院37例男性直肠癌患者临床资料,患者的性功能及泌尿功能分别通过性功能评分(IIEF)和泌尿功能评分(IPSS)问卷调查表的形式获得,所有患者随访时间点为术后3个月、6个月和12个月。采用t检验比较传统开腹手术组和3D腹腔镜手术组患者的年龄、体质量指数(BMI)、手术时间及失血量的差异,采用χ2检验比较2组患者肿瘤TNM分期、肿瘤位置、淋巴结转移与否、T分期、术式、并发症及化疗等指标的差异。各观察指标对IIEF和IPSS评分的影响分析采用秩和检验比较各组内的差异;术后12个月的IIEF和IPSS评分的影响因素采用多元线性回归分析。

结果

15例患者接受3D腹腔镜手术,22例患者接受开腹手术。2组患者年龄、BMI、TNM分期、肿瘤位置、淋巴结、T分期、术式、并发症及化疗方面比较,差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。3D腹腔镜直肠癌手术组患者手术时间明显长于传统开腹手术组[(222.67±41.40)min vs (159.36±21.26)min],差异具有统计学意义(F=6.414,P<0.05),但3D腹腔镜手术组手术出血量明显少于传统开腹组[(375.45±252.20)ml vs (161.33±165.57)ml],差异具有统计学意义(F=2.654,P<0.05)。低位肿瘤患者在术后3、6、12个月的IIEF评分较高位肿瘤患者减低,差异具有统计学意义(Z=-3.698、-3.445、-3.668,P均<0.05)。术中出血大于500 ml患者的IIEF评分在术后3、6、12个月均明显减低,差异具有统计学意义(Z=-2.785、-2.644、-2.538,P均<0.05);在术后3、6、12个月,高龄组的IPSS评分均高于低龄组,差异具有统计学意义(H=15.810、17.926、18.162,P均<0.05)。术后3个月低位肿瘤患者的IPSS评分明显高于高位肿瘤患者,差异具有统计学意义(Z=-0.268,P=0.045)。多元线性回归分析结果显示,患者年龄、肿瘤位置、失血量与术后12个月性功能相关(P=0.039、0.001、0.019),年龄与术后12个月患者泌尿功能相关(P<0.05)。

结论

手术类型不是影响性功能及泌尿功能的危险因素,患者年龄、肿瘤位置、失血量是性功能障碍的危险因素,年龄是影响泌尿功能的危险因素。

Objective

To prospectively assess the sexual and urinary functions as well as factors influencing these functions in patients undergoing open or 3D laparoscopic surgery for rectal cancer.

Methods

A retrospective analysis was performed of the clinical data of 37 male rectal cancer patients treated at Shougang Hospital, Peking University from January 2015 to October 2016. Their sexual and urinary functions were assessed through self-administered questionnaires comprising the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF; sexual function) and the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS; urinary function) before and 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery. Age, body mass index (BMI), operation time, and blood loss were compared between the two groups by the t-test. Tumor TNM stage, tumor location, N stage, T stage, surgical procedure, complications, and chemotherapy were compared by the chi-square test. The influence of each of these observation factors on IIEF and IPSS scores was analyzed by the rank sum test. The influencing factors on IIEF and IPSS scores at 12 months after operation were analyzed by multiple linear regression.

Results

Fifteen patients who underwent 3D laparoscopic surgery and 22 patients who underwent open surgery were finally analyzed in this study. There were no significant differences in age, BMI, TNM stage, N stage, T stage, surgical procedure, complications, or chemotherapy between the two groups (P>0.05). The operation time of the 3D laparoscopic operation group was significantly longer than that of the traditional open surgery group [(222.67±41.40) min vs (159.36±21.26) min, F=6.414, P<0.05]. The amount of bleeding in the 3D laparoscopic rectal cancer operation group was significantly lower than that in the traditional open surgery group [(375.45±252.20) ml vs (161.33±165.57) ml, F=2.654, P<0.05]. The IIEF scores of patients with low tumor location were significantly lower than those of patients with high tumor location at 3, 6, and 12 months after operation (Z=-3.698, -3.445, -3.668, P<0.05). The IIEF scores of patients with intraoperative blood loss>500 ml during operation decreased significantly at 3, 6, and 12 months after operation (Z=-2.785, -2.644, -2.538, P<0.05). The IPSS scores of the elderly group were significantly higher than those of the younger group at 3, 6, and 12 months (H=15.810, 17.926, 18.162, P<0.05). The IPSS score of patients with low tumor location was significantly higher than that of patients with high tumor location (Z=-0.268, P=0.045) at 3 months after operation. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that age, tumor location, and blood loss were correlated with sexual function at 12 months after operation (P=0.039, 0.001, 0.019). Age was a risk factor for urinary function at 12 months after operation (P<0.05).

Conclusions

The type of surgery is not a risk factor affecting sexual function and urinary function. Age, tumor location, and blood loss are risk factors for sexual dysfunction, while age is a risk factor for urinary dysfunction.

表1 传统开腹直肠癌手术组与3D腹腔镜直肠癌手术组一般临床资料比较
表2 传统开腹直肠癌手术组与3D腹腔镜直肠癌手术组手术资料的比较
表3 各观察指标对IIEF评分的影响分析[MQR)]
指标 例数 术前 术后3个月 术后6个月 术后12个月
手术类型 ? ? ? ? ?
? 开腹 22 44.00(33.00~50.25) 23.50(14.25~40.00) 28.00(19.00~42.00) 29.00(22.75~44.25)
? 3D腹腔镜 15 48.00(33.00~53.00) 32.00(25.00~45.00) 36.00(28.00~45.00) 38.00(32.00~46.00)
Z ? -0.743 -1.891 -1.908 -1.923
P ? 0.472 0.061 0.056 0.056
年龄(岁) ? ? ? ? ?
? <50 6 52.00(46.00~61.00) 29.00(14.25~42.00) 30.50(18.75~43.00) 33.50(22.00~45.00)
? 50~69 27 44.00(38.00~50.00) 32.00(23.00~43.00) 35.00(28.00~44.00) 38.00(28.00~46.00)
? ≥70 4 15.50(10.25~44.00) 8.50(8.00~35.25) 9.00(9.00~36.75) 9.00(8.25~36.75)
H ? 7.397 3.277 3.270 4.239
P ? 0.025 0.194 0.195 0.120
肿瘤位置 ? ? ? ? ?
? 高位 13 48.00(44.50~50.50) 43.00(39.50~45.00) 44.00(41.00~45.50) 46.00(43.00~47.00)
? 低位 24 40.00(30.50~52.75) 23.50(13.00~31.50) 28.00(20.00~34.75) 29.00(23.25~37.50)
Z ? -1.210 -3.698 -3.445 -3.668
P ? 0.236 0.000 0.000 0.000
术式 ? ? ? ? ?
? LAR 33 46.00(35.50~52.50) 32.00(19.50~43.00) 35.00(22.00~44.50) 38.00(25.50~46.00)
? Hartmann 1 40.00(40.00~40.00) 24.00(24.00~24.00) 28.00(28.00~28.00) 28.00(28.00~28.00)
? APR 3 34.00(20.00~47.00) 16.00(8.00~42.00) 20.00(9.00~44.00) 24.00(8.00~45.00)
H ? 1.834 1.348 1.350 1.760
P ? 0.400 0.510 0.509 0.415
淋巴结转移 ? ? ? ? ?
? 23 44.00(33.00~53.00) 26.00(19.00~42.00) 29.00(21.00~44.00) 32.00(24.00~45.00)
? 14 47.00(36.50~51.25) 34.00(11.25~43.25) 36.50(20.25~44.50) 39.50(24.25~46.25)
Z ? -0.141 -0.330 -0.502 -0.659
P ? 0.889 0.745 0.632 0.526
肿瘤T分期 ? ? ? ? ?
? T1 9 46.00(18.50~49.00) 34.00(10.50~41.50) 36.00(15.50~43.00) 38.00(17.50~46.00)
? T2 6 50.50(43.00~56.25) 39.50(20.25~45.00) 41.50(24.75~46.00) 44.00(25.75~48.00)
? T3 22 44.00(32.75~53.00) 25.50(18.75~41.25) 28.50(20.75~42.50) 32.00(24.00~45.00)
H ? 2.937 1.765 2.067 2.045
P ? 0.230 0.414 0.356 0.360
体质量指数(kg/m2 ? ? ? ? ?
? <25 29 45.00(38.50~51.50) 34.00(20.50~43.00) 35.00(22.00~44.50) 38.00(26.00~46.00)
? ≥25 8 40.00(13.50~53.75) 17.00(9.00~37.25) 21.50(9.50~39.75) 26.00(11.50~41.25)
Z ? -0.683 -1.497 -1.646 -1.572
P ? 0.502 0.137 0.101 0.118
失血量(ml) ? ? ? ? ?
? <500 28 44.50(34.25~50.75) 36.50(23.25~43.75) 39.00(28.00~45.00) 42.00(28.50~46.00)
? ≥500 9 47.00(27.50~57.50) 16.00(8.50~27.00) 20.00(13.00~30.50) 25.00(19.50~32.00)
Z ? -0.585 -2.785 -2.644 -2.538
P ? 0.566 0.004 0.007 0.010
并发症 ? ? ? ? ?
? 8 45.00(29.50~53.75) 34.00(9.75~39.75) 36.00(16.75~41.75) 39.50(20.75~42.25)
? 29 45.00(33.50~53.75) 26.00(19.50~43.00) 33.00(21.50~44.50) 33.00(24.50~46.00)
Z ? 0.000 -0.296 -0.259 -0.037
P ? 1.000 0.786 0.814 0.986
辅助化疗 ? ? ? ? ?
? 23 46.00(26.00~51.00) 26.00(9.00~41.00) 34.00(16.00~42.00) 36.00(22.00~45.00)
? 14 44.50(37.50~53.00) 34.50(23.75~44.25) 37.00(28.00~45.00) 38.00(30.75~46.00)
Z ? -0.502 -1.569 -1.319 -1.130
P ? 0.632 0.122 0.196 0.270
表4 术后12个月IIEF评分的影响因素的多元线性回归分析结果
表5 各观察指标对IPSS评分的影响分析[MQR)]
指标 例数 术前 术后3个月 术后6个月 术后12个月
手术类型 ? ? ? ? ?
? 开腹 22 5.50(2.00~8.00) 8.50(4.75~10.25) 5.50(3.00~9.00) 4.00(2.75~8.00)
? 3D腹腔镜 15 3.00(2.00~8.00) 4.00(3.00~8.00) 4.00(3.00~8.00) 3.00(2.00~7.00)
Z ? -0.157 -1.293 -0.530 -0.374
P ? 0.891 0.202 0.614 0.725
年龄(岁) ? ? ? ? ?
? <50 6 1.50(0.75~2.00) 3.50(3.00~4.25) 2.50(2.00~3.00) 1.50(1.00~2.25)
? 50~69 27 6.00(2.00~7.00) 8.00(4.00~9.00) 6.00(4.00~8.00) 4.00(3.00~7.00)
? ≥70 4 12.00(11.25~12.75) 19.00(15.25~20.50) 15.00(12.00~18.00) 12.50(10.25~14.00)
H ? 17.087 15.810 17.926 18.162
P ? 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
肿瘤位置 ? ? ? ? ?
? 高位 13 6.00(2.00~7.00) 8.00(3.00~9.50) 6.00(2.50~8.00) 4.00(2.50~8.00)
? 低位 24 3.50(2.00~8.00) 6.50(4.00~10.75) 5.00(3.00~9.00) 4.00(2.00~7.75)
Z ? -0.354 -0.268 -0.481 -0.080
P ? 0.742 0.045 0.649 0.937
术式 ? ? ? ? ?
? LAR 33 4.00(2.00~7.50) 7.00(4.00~9.50) 5.00(3.00~8.50) 4.00(2.00~7.50)
? Hartmann 1 8.00(8.00~8.00) 11.00(11.00~11.00) 11.00(11.00~11.00) 8.00(8.00~8.00)
? APR 3 7.00(2.00~12.00) 9.00(4.00~19.00) 6.00(3.00~12.00) 4.00(1.00~10.00)
H ? 2.050 2.038 1.831 0.982
P ? 0.359 0.361 0.400 0.612
淋巴结转移 ? ? ? ? ?
? 23 3.00(2.00~7.00) 6.00(4.00~9.00) 5.00(3.00~8.00) 3.00(2.00~7.00)
? 14 7.00(2.00~8.75) 10.50(4.00~12.50) 8.50(2.75~11.25) 7.00(2.75~9.50)
Z ? -1.727 -1.672 -1.231 -1.610
P ? 0.088 0.101 0.231 0.115
肿瘤T分期 ? ? ? ? ?
? T1 9 8.00(4.00~11.50) 11.00(5.50~16.50) 9.00(4.00~15.00) 8.00(3.00~12.50)
? T2 6 4.50(1.75~8.00) 6.00(3.75~11.00) 5.50(2.75~8.75) 5.00(2.75~8.00)
? T3 22 3.00(1.75~6.25) 6.00(3.75~9.00) 4.50(3.00~8.00) 3.00(2.00~6.25)
H ? 5.299 4.835 3.921 3.942
P ? 0.071 0.089 0.141 0.139
体质量指数(kg/m2 ? ? ? ? ?
? <25 29 6.00(2.00~8.00) 8.00(4.00~10.00) 6.00(3.50~9.00) 4.00(2.00~8.00)
? ≥25 8 2.50(2.00~10.50) 5.50(4.00~16.25) 4.00(2.25~15.50) 3.50(2.25~12.25)
Z ? -0.149 -0.149 -0.428 -0.167
P ? 0.899 0.899 0.677 0.871
失血量(ml) ? ? ? ? ?
? <500 28 6.00(2.00~8.00) 8.00(4.00~10.75) 8.00(4.00~11.75) 6.00(2.25~8.00)
? ≥500 9 2.00(1.00~5.00) 5.00(4.00~8.00) 4.00(3.00~5.50) 3.00(2.00~4.00)
Z ? -1.720 -0.891 -1.088 -1.177
P ? 0.093 0.392 0.286 0.255
并发症 ? ? ? ? ?
? 8 7.00(2.00~8.00) 10.50(4.00~11.75) 8.50(3.00~10.50) 7.00(3.00~8.75)
? 29 4.00(2.00~7.00) 7.00(4.00~9.00) 5.00(3.00~8.00) 4.00(2.00~7.00)
Z ? -0.915 -1.245 -0.818 -1.097
P ? 0.373 0.221 0.435 0.283
辅助化疗 ? ? ? ? ?
? 23 6.00(2.00~8.00) 8.00(4.00~11.00) 6.00(3.00~11.00) 4.00(3.00~8.00)
? 14 3.50(1.75~6.00) 5.50(3.00~8.25) 4.00(3.00~8.00) 3.00(2.00~7.00)
Z ? -1.426 -1.798 -1.246 -1.278
P ? 0.165 0.077 0.219 0.208
表6 术后12个月IPSS评分的影响因素的多元线性回归分析结果
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