To evaluate the efficacy and safety of peramivir in the treatment of influenza A virus infection in children.

All children with influenza A treated with peramivir in Beijing children’s hospital from June 2016 to January 2017 were enrolled into the study. Trend tests were performed for the time to alleviation of influenza symptoms and the time to resolution of fever.

A total of 150 patients were included in the study. Among them, 79 were males and 71 were females, with an average age of 3.9±3.0 years. The time to alleviation of influenza symptoms (95% CI) was 27.9 hours (20.6 to 30.8 hours), and the time to resolution of fever (95% CI) was 17. 8 hours (16.1 to 19.5 hours). The duration of treatment was 1 day in 133 patients (88.7%) and 2 days in 17 patients (11.3%). None of the patients was treated for 3 days or more. Adverse reactions was 4.0% in total, and a higher incidence was observed among younger children. All adverse events occurred within 3 days after the start of treatment and resolved rapidly. The incidence of adverse events did not differ among patients treated with different cycles .

We demonstrated here that the injection of peramivir in children with influenza A virus infection was efficient and safe, which was consistent with foreign reports.