To investigate the bias of routine blood pressure and blood glucose testing in population-based screening for chronic diseases to provide a reference for population screening and result evaluation.

A total of 5808 samples and data were collected from the Diabetes Epidemiological Survey Project of the Fourth Three-year Public Health Action Plan of Shanghai. Blood pressure values obtained in the first and second measurements, and the fasting glucose levels for fingertip blood and venous serum were recorded. SPSS software was used to compare the difference in the positive detection rates of hypertension, diabetes, and impaired fasting glucose.

The systolic blood pressure [(134.04±18.95) mmHg, 1 mmHg=0.133 kPa)] and diastolic pressure [(80.23±11.04) mmHg)] obtained in the first test were higher than those obtained in the second test [(131.35±17.50) mmHg and (78.85±9.93) mmHg, respectively]. The positive rate of hypertension for the first test (39.91%) was higher than that of the second test (34.61%). The fasting blood glucose measured using venous serum [(5.39±1.15) mmol/L] was higher than that using fingertip blood [(5.32±1.13) mmol/L]. The positive detection rate of impaired fasting blood glucose (8.73%) and the positive rate of diabetes (6.23%) obtained using venous serum were higher than those using fingertip blood (7.83% and 6.15%).

The blood pressure and positive rate of hypertension obtained in the first test are higher than those obtained in the second measurement. Therefore, when measuring blood pressure, it is better to repeat 2~3 times and take the average to avoid deviation. The impaired fasting glucose rate and the positive rate of diabetes obtained using fasting blood glucose are higher than those obtained using finger blood. When the fasting blood glucose detected using fingertip blood is near the critical value, it is better to test the blood glucose using venous serum again.