Advances in research of regulation of PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway

doi:10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-0785.2020.02.015

Abstract

Abstract:

The programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and programmed death receptor ligand-1 (PD-L1) pathway has become a hot research topic, and some results have been achieved both in anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory research. However, the specific mechanism is not completely clear. This article describes the molecular structure and function of PD-1 and PD-L1 and the relationship between PD-1 and PD-L1. PD-1 is an immunosuppressive molecule that binds to its ligand PD-L1 to promote apoptosis. In tumors or inflammation, other signaling pathways such as JAK/STAT, NF-κB, MAPK, PI3K, and TIM-3/Gal-9 are activated, inducing immune cells and tumor cells to overexpress PD-1 and PD-L1. As a result, immune cell activity is reduced, consumption is increased, and recruitment is reduced, which reduces the body’s ability to resist tumors and inflammation. PD-1/PD-L1 interacts with other signaling pathways such as JAK/STAT, NF-κB, MAPK, PI3K, and TIM-3/Gal-9, and PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors can be used in combination with JAK/STAT, NF-κB, MAPK, PI3K, and TIM-3/Gal-9 pathway inhibitors; much progress has been achieved in anti-tumor therapy and tumor drug resistance. However, compared to the research on the effects of PD-1/PD-L1 on tumors, there is relatively little research on PD-1/PD-L1 in inflammation. There is no corresponding drug for clinical treatment, which requires much basic experimental research support.

Key words: Programmed cell death-1/programmed death ligand-1, Inhibitor, Tumor, immunotherapy, Anti-inflammatory therapy, Signaling pathway

Lingling Jia, Wenkai Zhang, Kai Liu, Xiwei Zhao, Qian Liu, Linyi Hou. Advances in research of regulation of PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway[J]. Chinese Journal of Clinicians(Electronic Edition), 2020, 14(02): 149-153.

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