To investigate the effect of Kangfuxin solution combined with mesalazine on the expression of high mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS-3), and Beclin1 in patients with active ulcerative colitis (UC).

A total of 120 UC patients with active UC treated at Bozhou People's Hospital from February 2019 to February 2021 were selected and randomly divided into either a control group or a treatment group at a ratio of 1∶1, with 60 cases in each group. Patients in both groups were given basic treatment such as fluid rehydration, nutritional support, and correction of electrolyte and acid-base balance disorders. Both groups were given mesalazine enteric-coated tablets (1 g/time, 4 times/day for 2 weeks). The treatment group was additionally given Kangfuxin solution (30 ml diluted with 150 mL 0.9% normal saline, heated to 37℃ before enema, 20 to 30 min for each enema, twice a day, for consecutive 2 weeks). Treatment efficacy, scores of major symptoms, severity of intestinal mucosal lesions (modified Mayo Mayo score and Geboes index), and levels of HMGB1, McP-1, SOSC-3, Beclin1, and IBDQ scores were compared between the two groups.

The total effective rate in the treatment group was significantly higher than that of the control group (93.33% vs 78.33%, P＜0.05). Before treatment, there was no statistical significance in the symptom scores between the two groups (P＞0.05); after treatment, the symptom scores of the two groups were both significantly decreased (P＜0.05), and they were significantly lower in the treatment group than in the control group (P＜0.05). Before treatment, there was no significant difference in the modified Mayo Risk score and Geboes index between the two groups (P＞0.05); after treatment, the modified Mayo risk score and Geboes index decreased in both groups (P＜0.05), and they were significantly lower in the treatment group than in the control group (P＜0.05). Before treatment, there were no significant differences in serum and tissue protein expression levels of HMGB1, MCP-1, SOSC-3, and Beclin1 between the two groups (P＞0.05); after treatment, the levels of HMGB1, MCP-1, and Beclin1 decreased, while the levels of SOSC-3 increased in both groups, and these indexes in the treatment group were significantly better than those of the control group (P＜0.05). Before treatment, there was no significant difference in IBDQ score between the two groups (P＞0.05); after treatment, the score increased in both groups (P＜0.05), and it was significantly higher in the treatment group than in the control group (P＜0.05).

Kangfuxin solution combined with mesalazine has significant therapeutic effects in patients with active UC. The mechanism may be related to the down-regulation of HMGB1, MCP-1, and Beclin1 levels and up-regulation of SOSC-3 levels.