To assess the diagnostic value of ultrasound-guided percutaneous lung biopsy and identify the risk factors for the development of complications, so as to improve the success rate of puncture and reduce the development of complications.

A retrospective analysis was performed on 106 patients who underwent ultrasound-guided percutaneous lung biopsy at the Ultrasound Interventional Therapy Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo Huamei Hospital from July 2019 to July 2021. By comparing the biopsy results and pathological results, the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound guided percutaneous lung puncture was assessed, and the risk factors for the development of complications were identified by logistic regression analysis.

Among the 106 cases included, biopsy pathology suggested malignant lesions in 84 cases (79.2%) and benign lesions in 20 (18.9%); there was also one isolated fibroma (0.9%) and one thymoma (0.9%). Among the 106 cases, 32 (30.2%) had complications, including 17 cases (16.0%) with hemorrhage and 15 (14.2%) with pneumothorax. Logistic regression analysis showed that gender, lesion located in the upper middle lung, and emphysema were significant independent risk factors for bleeding (P＜0.05). Gender, age, puncture frequency, puncture position, emphysema, and pneumothorax had no significant impact on the development of complications (P＞0.05).

Ultrasound-guided percutaneous lung biopsy is a safe and effective biopsy technique. Gender, puncture position, and emphysema are important factors affecting the development of complications.