To evaluate the efficacy and safety of docetaxel combined with carboplatin in patients with metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).

The clinical data of 36 patients with mCRPC who had been treated at the Peking University First Hospital from May 2017 to August 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. The median age was 68 years (range, 44-80 years). The pathological type in all patients was acinar adenocarcinoma with distant metastasis confirmed by bone scan and/or PET/CT scan, and all the patients received at least two cycles of docetaxel plus carboplatin therapy. The best prostate specific antigen (PSA) response, imaging response, and adverse events during treatment were recorded and analyzed.

The median number of treatment cycles was 6 (range, 2-10) cycles. The PSA decreased by more than 50% (PSA 50) in 18 patients (50.0%), and the PSA kept stable (decreased by 0-30%) in 6 cases (16.7%). During the treatment, 9 cases (25%) were assessed as disease progression by comprehensive assessment of PSA, symptoms, and tumor imaging. The most common adverse events (AEs) were myelosuppression (26/36 cases), nausea, fatigue, etc. Serious adverse events occurred in 3 patients, and 6 (16.7%) patients stopped the treatment permanently due to intolerable AE.

Docetaxel plus carboplatin regimen has a good PSA response rate and disease control rate for mCRPC that has progressed on androgen receptor pathway inhibitors and docetaxel. The incidence of serious adverse reactions during the treatment is low.