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Chinese Journal of Clinicians(Electronic Edition) ›› 2024, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (05): 433-440. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-0785.2024.05.001

• Clinical Research •    

Effect of continuous positive airway pressure on occurrence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome

Ke Zhang1, Zhanqi Yang2, Wei Yan1, Erming Zhang1, Pingchao Xiang1,()   

  1. 1. Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University Shougang Hospital, Beijing 100144, China
    2. Department of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Shougang Hospital, Beijing 100144, China;Vascular Health Research Center, Beijing 100144, China
  • Received:2024-02-19 Online:2024-05-15 Published:2024-08-23
  • Contact: Pingchao Xiang

Abstract:

Objective

To explore the effect of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on the occurrence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS).

Methods

The information of patients who visited the respiratory sleep clinic of Peking University Shougang Hospital from August 2017 to August 2023 was collected, including 876 OSAS patients and 424 non-OSAS patients, of which 328 OSAS patients were randomly selected as an observation group (including 67 patients received CPAP treatment and 261 patients received non-CPAP treatment ), and 328 non-OSAS patients were randomly selected as a control group.The enrolled patients were followed up for 6 months to 4 years, with newly developed cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases as the endpoint event. Polysomnography was used to diagnose sleep apnea. The baseline data of the patients was collected according to the medical record information. The t/χ2 test was used for comparison between groups. Inferential analysis was performed using a four-grid table, and multivariate variables were identified by logistics regression analysis.

Results

Inferential analysis showed that CPAP treatment was associated with the occurrence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases (odds ratio [OR]=0.499, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.024~0.938). The incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in the CPAP treatment group was comparable to that of the control group (OR=0.995, 95%CI: 0.672~2.441 ). Logistics regression analysis demonstrated that CPAP treatment was statistically associated with the occurrence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases (P<0.05, OR=0.51, 95%CI: 0.232~0.903).

Conclusion

CPAP treatment can improve the symptoms of hypoxia in patients with OSAS, thereby improving the incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.

Key words: CPAP treatment, Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease

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