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Chinese Journal of Clinicians(Electronic Edition) ›› 2024, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (07): 618-624. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-0785.2024.07.002

• Clinical Research • Previous Articles    

Identification of risk factors for acute kidney injury in patients with infective endocarditis and prediction of death risk in such patients with acute kidney injury

Shirui Yan1, Hui Xiong1,()   

  1. 1.Department of Emergency Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
  • Received:2024-05-23 Online:2024-07-15 Published:2024-11-18
  • Contact: Hui Xiong

Abstract:

Objective

To identify the risk factors for acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients with infectious endocarditis (IE), and to predict the risk of death during hospitalization in such patients with AKI,so as to provide help for clinical treatment of these patients.

Methods

Adult patients hospitalized at Peking University First Hospital from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2019 who were diagnosed with IE were retrospectively collected and divided into either an AKI group or a non-AKI group according to whether AKI occurred or not. AKI cases clearly caused by cardiac surgery were excluded. The two groups were compared for potential variables to identify the risk factors for AKI. The patients with AKI were then divided into either a death group or a survival group based on the outcome, and the risk factors associated with death were identified and the risk of death was predicted.

Results

A total of 131 patients were included, including 56 patients in the AKI group (including 12 AKI cases clearly caused by cardiac surgery) and 75 in the non-AKI group, with the total incidence of AKI and non-surgical AKI being 42.7% and 33.6%, respectively. In the total AKI population, 12 people died and the case fatality rate was 21.4%. Diabetes (odds ratio [OR]=4.69, 95%confidence interval [CI]: 1.03~21.47), abnormal urine test (OR=5.79, 95%CI: 1.67~20.08), use of contrast medium (OR=5.68, 95%CI: 1.43~22.65), and sepsis (OR=22.17, 95%CI: 4.75~103.53) were identified to be the risk factors for AKI in IE patients (P<0.05), while sepsis (OR=42.79, 95%CI: 1.64~1114.70) and the number of systems (or organs) involved (OR=4.44, 95%CI: 1.44~13.68) had an important effect on the risk of in-hospital death in IE patients with AKI (P<0.05).

Conclusion

Abnormal urine test, diabetes mellitus, contrast agent use, and sepsis are risk factors for AKI in IE patients. No matter when sepsis occurs,the number of affected systems (or organs) at 48 hours after AKI is significant in predicting the death of IE patients with AKI.

Key words: Infective endocarditis, Acute kidney injury, Death risk nomogram, Risk factors

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